Regulatory Framework for Supporting the Integration and Use of Biosimilars in the Private Healthcare System of the United Arab Emirates (UAE).

Introduction Biologics are substantial in the treatment of different diseases; however, they can burden the healthcare systems due to their high cost. Biosimilars can help healthcare systems keep their financial sustainability and patients access to biological therapies. The research objective is to formulate a framework for integrating biosimilars in the private healthcare sector of the United Arab Emirates (UAE).

Chemically Activated Carbon Based on Biomass for Adsorption of Fe(III) and Mn(II) Ions from Aqueous Solution.

Rice husk was converted into activated carbon (AC) as a byproduct of agricultural waste in an electric furnace at 700 °C and chemically activated using three distinct processes: NaOH AC(C), acetic acid AC(C-1), phosphoric acid AC(C-2), and carbonization AC(C-3) without any chemical activation. To characterize the activated carbon and the removal efficiencies of Fe(III) and Mn(II) from aqueous solutions, various analytical tools were used. The results revealed that the capacities of the four adsorbents to adsorb Fe(III) or Mn(II) from an aqueous solution differ significantly.

In silico evaluation of additively manufactured 316L stainless steel stent in a patient-specific coronary artery.

Additive manufacturing (AM) is an emerging method for the fabrication of stents, which is cost-saving and capable of producing personalised stent designs. However, poor surface finish and dimension discrepancy in the manufactured stents can significantly affect not only their own mechanical behavior but also mechanical response of arteries. This study investigates the effects of surface irregularities and dimension discrepancy of a 316L stainless steel stent, manufactured using laser powder bed fusion (LPBF), on its biomechanical performance, in comparison with the original design and a commercial stent.

Surface Free Energy Dominates the Biological Interactions of Postprocessed Additively Manufactured Ti-6Al-4V.

Additive manufacturing (AM) has emerged as a disruptive technique within healthcare because of its ability to provide personalized devices; however, printed metal parts still present surface and microstructural defects, which may compromise mechanical and biological interactions. This has made physical and/or chemical postprocessing techniques essential for metal AM devices, although limited fundamental knowledge is available on how alterations in physicochemical properties influence AM biological outcomes. For this purpose, herein, powder bed fusion Ti-6Al-4V samples were postprocessed with three industrially relevant techniques: polishing, passivation, and vibratory finishing.

An investigation into patient-specific 3D printed titanium stents and the use of etching to overcome Selective Laser Melting design constraints.

Due to limitations in available paediatric stents for treatment of aortic coarctation, adult stents are often used off-label resulting in less than optimal outcomes. The increasingly widespread use of CT and/or MR imaging for pre-surgical assessment, and the emergence of additive manufacturing processes such as 3D printing, could enable bespoke devices to be produced efficiently and cost-effectively. However, 3D printed metallic stents need to be self-supporting leading to limitations in their design.

The extent of involvement of ouabain, hippocampal expression of Na+/K+-ATPase, and corticosterone/melatonin receptors ratio in modifying stress-induced behavior differs according to the stressor in context.

The aim of this study was to assess the effect of two types of stressors, regarding the extent of involvement of ouabain (OUA), hippocampal sodium/potassium ATPase (NKA) expression, and the hippocampal corticosterone receptors (CR)/melatonin receptors (MR) expression ratio, on the behavioral and cardiovascular responses and on the hippocampal cornu ammonis zone 3 (CA3) and dentate gyrus (DG). Thirty adult male Wistar albino rats aged 7-8 months were exposed to either chronic immobilization or a disturbed dark/light cycle and treated with either ouabain or vehicle. In the immobilized group, in the absence of hippocampal corticosterone (CORT) changes, rats were non-responsive to stress, despite experiencing increased pulse rate, downregulated hippocampal sodium/potassium pump, and enhanced hippocampal CR/MR expression ratio.

Examination of the parameters affecting of Rn emanation for some industrial and environmental samples using gamma-spectroscopy.

The present work aims to radiologically characterize five samples (monazite, zircon, scale waste originating from petroleum production, black sands and phosphate rocks) from different industrial applications and environments in the Egyptian territory. The first section of the present work discusses the measurement and analysis of Ra, Th and K concentrations. Moreover, the assessment of the hazard indices is given in terms of radium equivalent (Ra), external hazard index (H), internal hazard index (H), gamma-activity index (I) and alpha-activity index (I).

Microstructural Evolution, Mechanical Properties, and Preosteoblast Cell Response of a Post-Processing-Treated TNT5Zr β Ti Alloy Manufactured via Selective Laser Melting.

A Ti-34Nb-13Ta-5Zr (TNT5Zr) β Ti alloy with a high strength-to-modulus ratio has been developed, showing its potential to become another candidate material in load-bearing implant applications. This work mainly investigates the microstructural evolution, mechanical properties, and biocompatibility of a post-processing-treated TNT5Zr alloy manufactured via selective laser melting (SLM). Transmission electron microscopy observation shows the existence of the single beta grain matrix and alpha precipitates along the grain boundary in the SLM + HIP manufactured TNT5Zr alloy (TNT5Zr-AF + HIP), and ellipsoidal nano-sized intragranular α″ precipitates (approx.

The influence of zirconium content on the microstructure, mechanical properties, and biocompatibility of in-situ alloying Ti-Nb-Ta based β alloys processed by selective laser melting.

This study investigates Ti-Nb-Ta based β alloys with different zirconium additions (0, 5, 9 wt%) manufactured by SLM. A low level of as-fabricated defects is obtained: the relative density of TNT (Z) alloys is >99.97% with the keyhole size in a range of 3-20 μm.

Laser Powder Bed Fusion of Ti-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-6Mo Alloy and Properties Prediction Using Deep Learning Approaches.

Ti-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-6Mo is one of the most important titanium alloys characterised by its high strength, fatigue, and toughness properties, making it a popular material for aerospace and biomedical applications. However, no studies have been reported on processing this alloy using laser powder bed fusion. In this paper, a deep learning neural network (DLNN) was introduced to rationalise and predict the densification and hardness due to Laser Powder Bed Fusion of Ti-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-6Mo alloy.

Novel nano network trigonal prismatic BaCoO-deficient BaCoO for high-affinity sorption of radiolanthanide elements of biomedical applications: synthesis and sorption studies.

Nano trigonal prismatic BaCoO with hierarchical structure and deficient BaCoO with columnar structure have been prepared at low temperatures (400 [BC4] and 500 [BC5]) °C/3h using green method. X-ray diffraction (XRD) results demonstrate the presence of enriched BaCoO phase at 400 °C and multiphase structures: BaCoO, BaCoO, and CoO with a decrease in the amount of BaCoO at 500 °C. The prepared powders are characterized by a high specific surface area (SSA) values which are reflected to the mode of synthesis that leads to produce materials with massive active sites.

Performance characteristics and validation of alpha particle spectrometers for radiometric analysis of natural and anthropogenic radionuclides of environmental impacts.

Alpha spectrometry is one of the greatest nuclear techniques for identification and quantification of α-emitters in the environment due to nuclear fuel cycle operations, nuclear materials and geochemical studies or forensic medicine investigations. This study was conducted to re-evaluate and optimize the factors affecting the performance of a multi-chamber alpha spectrometer (EG&G Ortec) used in our laboratory using an aged α-source of U in equilibrium with its decay products. The results shown that the energy calibration within energy window 4-9 MeV has been done using alpha particle emissions of U (t.

Batch kinetics of Cs and Eu radionuclides onto poly-condensed feldspar and perlite based sorbents.

Sorption of fission products onto polycondensed aluminosilicates (PC-AS) is a relatively recent and gets out the mechanisms by which the formers are trapped. Here, PC feldspar (PC-FD), perlite (PC-PR) and their blend (PC-FDPR) were synthesized by the alkaline activation using Na-/K-silicates at Si-modulus of 1.35.

A Review of the Use of Biological Agents in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Positive Patients With Rheumatological Diseases.

After approval, initial biologics etanercept, infliximab, and adalimumab became useful in the therapeutic armamentarium to treat rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients who had an inadequate response to disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs). However, all phase-III clinical trials submitted to the FDA, by design, excluded patients who were human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive. They are another subset of patients with low immunity due to their HIV-positive status.

Panoramic Dominance of the Immune System in Cardiorenal Syndrome Type I.

Physiological organ cross-talk is necessary to maintain equilibrium and homeostasis. Heart and kidney are the essences of this equilibrium. Organ failure in either of these organs can perturb the bidirectional communication between them, impinging this unpleasant vascular and cellular milieu on other distant organs.

Angiodysplasia in Renal Disease Patients: Analysis of Risk Factors and Approach to Manage Such Patients.

Gastrointestinal bleeding due to angiodysplasia is a common problem in patients with renal insufficiency. There are several theories to explain the increased occurrence of these lesions in this specific group of patients, including various metabolic factors and existence of comorbidities. Advancements made in diagnostic measures have helped route the approach in patients with different risk factors and have also helped solve the dual purpose involving therapeutic intervention with endoscopy.

Selective Laser Melting of Ti-6Al-4V: The Impact of Post-processing on the Tensile, Fatigue and Biological Properties for Medical Implant Applications.

One of the main challenges in additive manufacturing (AM) of medical implants for the treatment of bone tissue defects is to optimise the mechanical and biological performance. The use of post-processing can be a necessity to improve the physical properties of customised AM processed implants. In this study, Ti-6Al-4V coupons were manufactured using selective laser melting (SLM) in two build orientations (vertical and horizontal) and subsequently post-processed using combinations of hot isostatic pressing (HIP), sandblasting (SB), polishing (PL) and chemical etching (CE).

Novel Hybrid Manufacturing Process of CM247LC and Multi-Material Blisks.

The study on CM247LC used the traditional approach for Near-Netshape Hot Isostatic Pressing (NNSHIP) with sacrificial low carbon steel tooling, which was built using Selective Laser Melting (SLM), to produce a shaped CM247LC blisk. The assessment of the microstructure focused on both the exterior components in order to determine the depth of the Fe-diffusion layer and on the interior microstructure. Samples were extracted from the Hot Isostatic Pressed (HIPped) components for tensile testing at both room and elevated temperatures.

Characterization and radiological impacts assessment of scale TENORM waste produced from oil and natural gas production in Egypt.

This study aims to identify the analytical and radiological characterization of scale TENORM waste produced from oil and natural gas productions in the western desert in Egypt and evaluates their radiological impacts. The mean activity concentration of U, Ra, Pb, Ra, Ra, and K measured in scale TENORM samples is 660 ± 63, 1979 ± 435, 1399 ± 211, 645 ± 104, 794 ± 116, and 556 ± 86 Bq/kg, respectively. Radiological hazard parameters (Ra, Hex, Hin, etc.