Classification of OprD sequence and correlation with antimicrobial activity of carbapenem agents in Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical isolates collected in Japan.

A total of 99 clinical isolates of metallo-ss-lactamase-negative Pseudomonas aeruginosa collected in Japan between 1998 and 2001 were studied for their susceptibilities to carbapenem agents and corresponding oprD gene mutations. The OprD sequence of each strain was grouped into two major classes, based on the pattern of alterations. Eighty strains (80.

Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of biapenem, a carbapenem antibiotic, in rat experimental model of severe acute pancreatitis.

Objectives: It is known that prophylaxis with imipenem reduces the risk of infection accompanying severe acute pancreatitis. In this study,we modified a rat experimental model of severe acute pancreatitis for antibiotic evaluation, and the effect of biapenem was compared with that of imipenem to determine the usefulness of biapenem.

Methods: Severe acute pancreatitis was induced by 5% sodium taurocholate.

In vitro activities of oral cephem and telithromycin against clinical isolates of major respiratory pathogens in Japan.

The in vitro antibacterial activities of oral cephem antibiotics and ketolide telithromycin against major respiratory pathogens possessing beta-lactam-resistant mutations (within the pbp gene) and/or macrolide-resistant genes (erm and mef) were examined in clinical isolates collected at 66 institutes in all over the Japan between 2002 and 2003. Telithromycin showed the strongest antibacterial activity against methicillinsusceptible Staphylococcus aureus strains with and without macrolide-resistant genes, such as ermA or ermC gene. All the cephem antibiotics showed potent antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pyogenes, with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 0.

Optimization of dose and dose regimen of biapenem based on pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic analysis.

Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) parameters, which are important indices of the therapeutic efficacy of antimicrobials, and the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) predictive of clinical efficacy at common clinical doses, were examined for biapenem (BIPM; 300 mg b.i.d.