Cobalt-Chromium Alloy Has Superior Antibacterial Effect Than Titanium Alloy: In Vitro and In Vivo Studies.

Study Design: In vitro and in vivo laboratory studies.

Objective: This study aimed to compare bacterial survival on titanium alloy (Ti) and cobalt-chromium alloy (CC) using in vitro and in vivo experiments.

Summary Of Background Data: Spinal implants are frequently manufactured from Ti and CC.

Effects of an internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy (iCBT) intervention on improving depressive symptoms and work-related outcomes among nurses in Japan: a protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Depression is a major problem among nurses; hence, it is important to develop a primary prevention strategy to manage depression among nurses. This randomized controlled trial (RCT) study aims to investigate the effects of a newly developed internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy (iCBT) program on depressive symptoms, measured at baseline and three- and six-month follow-ups, among nurses in Japan.

Methods: Nurses working at three university hospitals, one public hospital, and twelve private hospitals who meet inclusion criteria will be recruited and randomized either to the intervention group or the control group (planned N = 525 for each group).

Bioactive composites consisting of PEEK and calcium silicate powders.

Bioactive bone-repairing materials with mechanical properties analogous to those of natural bone can be obtained through the combination of bioactive ceramic fillers with organic polymers. Previously, we developed novel bioactive microspheres in a binary CaO-SiO2 system produced through a sol-gel process as filler for the fabrication of composites. In this study, we fabricate bioactive composites in which polyetheretherketone is reinforced with 0-50 vol% 30CaO x 70SiO2 (CS) microspheres.

Effect of spatial design and thermal oxidation on apatite formation on Ti-15Zr-4Ta-4Nb alloy.

Apatite formation on the surface of titanium and its alloys is effective for inducing osteoconductivity when implanted in bony defects. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of thermal oxidation on apatite formation in macro-grooves on Ti-15Zr-4Ta-4Nb. Thermal oxidation at 500 and 600 degrees C in air led to modification of the Ti-15Zr-4Ta-4Nb surface to rutile phase titanium oxide.

In vivo response of bioactive PMMA-based bone cement modified with alkoxysilane and calcium acetate.

The use of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA)-based bone cement is popular in orthopedics for the fixation of artificial joints with bone. However, it has a major problem with prostheses loosening because of coverage by fibrous tissue after long-term implantation. Recently, a bioactive bone cement has been developed that shows direct bonding to living bone through modification of PMMA resin with gamma-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (MPS) and calcium acetate.

Apatite-forming ability of polyglutamic acid hydrogels in a body-simulating environment.

Artificial joints can replace damaged joints provided the surrounding bone is sufficiently dense. However, elderly patients generally have reduced osteoporosis-associated bone density. Therefore, restitution of bone density is essential to ensure implantation.

Relationship between apatite-forming ability and mechanical properties of bioactive PMMA-based bone cement modified with calcium salts and alkoxysilane.

Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA)-based bone cement is used for the fixation of artificial joints in orthopaedics. However, the fixation is liable to loosen in the body, because the cement does not bond to living bone. So-called bioactive ceramics bond directly to living bone through the apatite layer formed on their surfaces in the body.

Mechanical and histological evaluation of a PMMA-based bone cement modified with gamma-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane and calcium acetate.

Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) bone cement is widely used for prosthetic fixation in orthopaedic surgery; however, the interface between bone and cement is a weak zone. We developed a bioactive PMMA cement through modification with gamma-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (MPS) and calcium acetate. The purpose of this study was to compare the handling, mechanical and histological properties of the modified bone cement with those of the conventional cement.

Enhanced fixation of implants by bone ingrowth to titanium fiber mesh: effect of incorporation of hydroxyapatite powder.

Tight fixation between bone and implant materials is of great importance for a successful outcome of procedures such as total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and total hip arthroplasty (THA). Titanium fiber mesh is an attractive structure for the establishment of tight fixation between bone and implant by bone ingrowth into the spaces among the fibers. Enhancement of bone ingrowth is desired not only for tight fixation but also for a fast recovery.