Comparison of mirabegron and vibegron for clinical efficacy and safety in female patients with overactive bladder: a multicenter prospective randomized crossover trial.

Purpose: To compare the efficacy and safety of mirabegron and vibegron in female OAB patients.

Methods: We conducted a multicenter, prospective, randomized crossover study of female patients with OAB. The patients were assigned to Group MV (mirabegron for 8 weeks, followed by vibegron for 8 weeks) or group VM (vibegron for 8 weeks, followed by mirabegron for 8 weeks).

Polymyxin B and low-dose hydrocortisone treatment in a patient with uroseptic shock in a rural health unit.

Sepsis has a high mortality rate; thus, in the intensive care unit, early diagnosis and adjunctive treatments are crucial. However, generally, most patients with sepsis from rural area initially visit the emergency department at a rural hospital and are managed in general medical wards in Japan. Here we report on an 81-year-old Japanese female manifesting septic shock caused by the upper urinary tract infection of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing secondary to the left ureter obstruction by the urothelial carcinoma.

The impact of abdominal aortic calcification and visceral fat obesity on lower urinary tract symptoms in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia.

Objectives: To investigate the impact of abdominal aortic calcification and visceral fat area (VFA) on lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and clinical parameters in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).

Methods: We retrospectively studied 250 patients with LUTS associated with BPH. Each participant was examined with routine examination including measurement of various data; (1) voided volume (VV), maximum urinary flow rate on free uroflowmetry, (2) postvoid residual urine volume and prostate volume using transabdominal ultrasound, (3) International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) and Overactive Bladder Symptom Score (OABSS), and (4) aortic calcification index (ACI) and VFA were measured by abdominal CT.

Nocturia and sleep quality after transurethral resection of the prostate.

Objectives: To evaluate the clinical efficacy of transurethral resection of the prostate on nocturia and sleep disorders in patients with lower urinary tract symptoms suggestive of benign prostatic obstruction.

Methods: A prospective multicenter study including lower urinary tract symptoms suggestive of benign prostatic obstruction patients with nocturia (twice or more) undergoing transurethral resection of the prostate was carried out. All patients were assessed using the International Prostate Symptom Score and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index at baseline, and 6 months after transurethral resection of the prostate.

Lipopolysaccharide disrupts the milk-blood barrier by modulating claudins in mammary alveolar tight junctions.

Mastitis, inflammation of the mammary gland, is the most costly common disease in the dairy industry, and is caused by mammary pathogenic bacteria, including Escherichia coli. The bacteria invade the mammary alveolar lumen and disrupt the blood-milk barrier. In normal mammary gland, alveolar epithelial tight junctions (TJs) contribute the blood-milk barrier of alveolar epithelium by blocking the leakage of milk components from the luminal side into the blood serum.

α1D/A-adrenoceptor antagonist naftopidil for the male lower urinary tract symptoms associated with benign prostatic hyperplasia: efficacy of dose increase therapy.

Objectives: To examine the efficacy of dose increase therapy in patients with lower urinary tract symptoms associated with benign prostatic hyperplasia who responded poorly to 50 mg/day of naftopidil.

Methods: A total of 95 patients received 50 mg/day of naftopidil for 8 weeks. After this treatment period, they were divided into two groups: the poor responders were defined as those who either had an International Prostate Symptom Score-Quality of Life ≥ 4 or with an International Prostate Symptom Score-Quality of Life of 3 whose International Prostate Symptom Score-Quality of Life improved <2 points (group A).

Effect of imidafenacin on nocturia and sleep disorder in patients with overactive bladder.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of imidafenacin on nocturia and sleep disorder in patients with overactive bladder (OAB).

Patients And Methods: A prospective multicenter study of imidafenacin 0.1 mg twice daily for patients with OAB and nocturia was conducted.

Three new azaphilones produced by a marine fish-derived chaetomium globosum.

Three new metabolites, chaetomugilin S, dechloro-chaetomugilin A and dechloro-chaetomugilin D, were isolated from a strain of Chaetomium globosum originally obtained from the marine fish Mugil cephalus, and their absolute stereostructures were elucidated based on the basis of spectroscopic analyses, including 1D and 2D NMR techniques and some chemical transformations. Particularly, chaetomugilins T and U are the first compounds without a chlorine atom in azaphilones isolated from this fungal strain, to date. In addition, these compounds moderately inhibited the growth of cultured P388, HL-60, L1210 and KB cell lines.

[Optimum initial dose of silodosin for treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms associated with benign prostatic hyperplasia].

We investigated the optimum initial dose and timing of administration of α1A-adrenoceptor antagonist silodosin for treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms associated with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH/LUTS). Ninety-eight patients were given a 4 mg dose after breakfast (group A), 4 mg after supper (group B), or 4 mg after breakfast and after supper (group C). At baseline, 4, 8 and 12 weeks after treatment, we assessed International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) and quality of life (QOL) index.

New class azaphilone produced by a marine fish-derived Chaetomium globosum. The stereochemistry and biological activities.

Four new metabolites, chaetomugilins P-R and 11-epi-chaetomugilin I, were isolated from a strain of Chaetomium globosum originally obtained from the marine fish Mugil cephalus, and their absolute stereostructures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analyses, including 1D and 2D NMR techniques and various chemical transformations. Particularly, the skeleton of chaetomugilin P is different from that of other azaphilones isolated from this fungal strain to date. In addition, these compounds significantly inhibited the growth of cultured P388, HL-60, L1210 and KB cell lines.

Efficacy and Safety of Propiverine and Solifenacin for the Treatment of Female Patients with Overactive Bladder: A Crossover Study.

Objectives: To evaluate the clinical efficacy and tolerability of propiverine and solifenacin in female patients with overactive bladder (OAB).

Methods: A prospective nonrandomized crossover study of propiverine 20 mg and solifenacin 5 mg was conducted. Female OAB patients were assigned alternately to treatment with propiverine for 8 weeks then solifenacin for 8 weeks (Group P-S) or solifenacin for 8 weeks then propiverine for 8 weeks (Group S-P).

The relationship between the CD Cotton effect and the absolute configuration of FD-838 and its seven stereoisomers.

Three new metabolites having a spiro-heterocyclic gamma-lactam core, cephalimysins B-D (1-3), as well as FD-838 (4) were isolated from a culture broth of Aspergillus fumigatus that was originally separated from the marine fish Mugil cephalus. Compounds 1-3 are the diastereomers of 4. Compounds 2 and 3 exhibit an opposite absolute configuration at a spiro carbon to that of other known naturally occurring spiro-heterocyclic gamma-lactams.

Absolute stereostructures of chaetomugilins G and H produced by a marine-fish-derived Chaetomium species.

Chaetomugilins G and H were isolated from a strain of Chaetomium globosum that was originally isolated from the marine fish, Mugil cephalus, and their absolute stereostructures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analyses, including 1D and 2D NMR techniques, and chemical transformation. In addition, the absolute configuration of chaetoviridin C was established by derivatization from chaetomugilin A. These compounds exhibited a growth inhibitory activity against cultured P388, HL-60, L1210 and KB cells.

Chaetomugilins, new selectively cytotoxic metabolites, produced by a marine fish-derived Chaetomium species.

Chaetomugilins A-F have been isolated from a strain of Chaetomium globosum originally isolated from the marine fish Mugil cephalus, and their absolute stereostructures have been elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analyses, including 1D and 2D NMR techniques, some chemical transformations and an X-ray analysis. These compounds exhibited significant growth inhibition against cultured P388 cells and HL-60 cells. In addition, chaetomugilins A, C and F showed selective cytotoxic activities against 39 human cancer cell lines.

Micturition-suppressing region in the periaqueductal gray of the mesencephalon of the cat.

The periaqueductal gray (PAG) of the mesencephalon has been implicated to be involved in the control of micturition. We investigated the micturition-suppressing region in the PAG of the cat. Decerebrated 27 adult cats were used.

Gymnastatins and dankastatins, growth inhibitory metabolites of a gymnascella species from a Halichondria sponge.

Four new metabolites, gymnastatins Q ( 3) and R ( 4) and dankastatins A ( 5) and B ( 6), have been isolated from the mycelial MeOH extract of a fungal strain of Gymnascella dankaliensis separated from a Halichondria sponge. Their stereostructures have been established on the basis of spectroscopic analysis using 1D and 2D NMR techniques. All of the isolated metabolites ( 3- 6) exhibited growth inhibition against the P388 cancer cell line.

Pericosines, antitumour metabolites from the sea hare-derived fungus Periconia byssoides. Structures and biological activities.

Pericosines A-E 1-5 have been isolated from a strain of Periconia byssoides originally separated from the sea hare Aplysia kurodai. Among them, pericosines C 3 and E 5 were separated as enantiomeric mixtures. Their stereostructures, except for compound 1, have been elucidated or identified on the basis of spectroscopic analyses, including 1D and 2D NMR techniques, and X-ray analysis.

Variation in cytostatic constituents of a sponge-derived Gymnascella dankaliensis by manipulating the carbon source.

The Halichondria sponge-derived fungus, Gymnacella dankaliensis, was cultured in two different media conditions. A modified malt extract medium containing soluble starch instead of glucose resulted in two extremely unusual steroids, dankasterones A (2) and B (3), while four additional unusual steroids, gymnasterones A (4), B (5), C (6), and D (7), were isolated from the original malt extract medium. Their stereostructures have been established on the basis of spectroscopic analyses along with X-ray crystal structure analyses, modified Mosher's method, CD exciton method, and a chemical transformation.

Case report of renal pelvic adenocarcinoma associated with a renal stone that produced carbohydrate antigen 125 and carbohydrate antigen 19-9.

A 68-year-old man underwent left side simple nephrectomy for symptomatic severe hydronephrosis with decreased function due to a renal stone. Because of severe adhesion around the kidney, the renal pelvic wall was torn during the operation. Pathological diagnosis was papillary adenocarcinoma of the renal pelvis with positive staining for carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125) and carbohydrate antigen 19 9 (CA19-9).

Cell-adhesion inhibitors produced by a sea hare-derived Periconia sp.

Peribysin J and macrosphelide M have been isolated from a strain of Periconia byssoides originally isolated from the sea hare Aplysia kurodai. Their absolute stereostructures have been elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analyses using 1D and 2D NMR techniques and some chemical transformations including the modified Mosher's method. These fungal metabolites inhibited the adhesion of human-leukemia HL-60 cells to human-umbilical-vein endothelial cells (HUVEC).

Case of hypoparathyroidism, deafness and renal dysplasia (HDR) syndrome associated with nephrocalcinosis and distal renal tubular acidosis.

Hypoparathyroidism, deafness and renal dysplasia (HDR) syndrome is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by hypoparathyroidism, sensorineural deafness and renal dysplasia. Herein, we report a case of HDR syndrome associated with nephrocalcinosis and distal renal tubular acidosis. A 34-year-old woman was admitted to investigate recurrent stone formation and bilateral nephrocalcinosis.

A case of metastatic renal cell carcinoma to the ovary.

A 52-year-old woman had a pathological fracture of the right femur. On histopathological examination bone metastasis from renal cell carcinoma was suspected. Abdominal computed tomography showed a heterogeneous mass (9.

Gymnastatins F-H, cytostatic metabolites from the sponge-derived fungus Gymnascella dankaliensis.

Gymnastatins F -H (2-4) and gymnamide (5) have been isolated from the mycelial MeOH extract of the Halichondria sponge-derived fungus Gymnascella dankaliensis. Their stereostructures have been established on the basis of spectroscopic analyses using 1D and 2D NMR techniques. The stereochemistry of gymnastatin H (4) was determined by its synthesis.

Cell-adhesion inhibitors produced by a sea hare-derived Periconia sp. II. Absolute stereostructures of peribysins H and I.

Peribysins H (1) and I (2) have been isolated from a strain of Periconia byssoides originally separated from the sea hare Aplysia kurodai. Their absolute stereostructures have been elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analyses using ID and 2D NMR techniques and some chemical transformations including the modified Mosher's method. These metabolites inhibited the adhesion of human-leukemia HL-60 cells to HUVEC.

(R)-3'-(3-methylbenzo[b]thiophen-5-yl)spiro[1-azabicyclo[2,2,2]octane-3,5'-oxazolidin]-2'-one, a novel and potent alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor partial agonist displays cognitive enhancing properties.

Recent studies have suggested that the alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors play important roles in learning and memory. Herein, we describe our research of the structure-activity relationships (SAR) in a series of (S)-spiro[1-azabicyclo[2.2.