Foramen spinosum and middle meningeal artery in moyamoya disease: Preliminary results of a pilot study.

Object: This study investigated whether the size of the middle cranial fossa foramina reflects the severity of moyamoya disease (MMD).

Methods: It compared 20 adult patients managed without surgical revascularization with 2 age- and sex-matched controls. MR angiography scores were assigned by the severity of occlusive changes of the internal carotid artery, the middle cerebral artery, the anterior and the posterior cerebral arteries and the signals of the distal branches of these arteries.

Acute alcohol intoxication, diffuse axonal injury and intraventricular bleeding in patients with isolated blunt traumatic brain injury.

Objective: The influence of blood alcohol level (BAL) on outcome remains unclear. This study investigated the relationships between BAL, type and number of diffuse axonal injury (DAI), intraventricular bleeding (IVB) and 6-month outcome.

Methods: This study reviewed 419 patients with isolated blunt traumatic brain injury.

Differences in vertebrobasilar artery morphology between spontaneous intradural vertebral artery dissections with and without subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Background: Patients with spontaneous intradural vertebral artery dissection (siVAD) developing subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) have been observed to have poor outcomes. Factors predisposing siVAD patients to SAH are not well known. We aimed to investigate the clinical and vertebrobasilar artery morphological characteristics associated with SAH in patients with siVAD.

Intraventricular hemorrhage on computed tomography and corpus callosum injury on magnetic resonance imaging in patients with isolated blunt traumatic brain injury.

Object: Intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) is widely regarded as one element of a complex involving severe blunt traumatic brain injury (TBI); corpus callosum injury (CCI) is recently considered to be one factor associated with poor outcome in patients with TBI. Although postmortem studies have focused on the relationship between IVH and CCI, there have been few investigations of IVH evidenced on CT scans as a predictor of CCI evidenced on MRI.

Methods: The authors retrospectively reviewed prospectively collected data from 371 patients with blunt TBI, without trauma to the face, chest, abdomen, extremities, or pelvic girdle, requiring immediate therapeutic intervention.

Impact of body mass index on the location of spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage.

Background: Although there have been some reports regarding body mass index (BMI) and subtypes of stroke, there have been few concerning the relationship between BMI and location of spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Determining the location of spontaneous ICH is important because outcome is thought to be affected by its location. The aim of this study was to determine whether location of spontaneous ICH varied according to BMI level.

Relationships among hematoma diameter, location categorized by vascular territory, and 1-year outcome in patients with cerebellar hemorrhage.

Objective: Some studies have investigated the relationship between anatomic location and outcome in patients with cerebellar hemorrhage (CH), but not as yet the relationship between location of CH, as categorized according to vascular territory, and outcome. Furthermore, other studies have shown that taking antithrombotics was related to having CH; however, there have been no studies assessing the relationship between antithrombotics and the location of CH. The aim of this study was to determine whether the outcome of patients with CH at 1-year after onset differed depending on antithrombotic use and lesion location.

Genu of corpus callosum as a prognostic factor in diffuse axonal injury.

Object: Previous studies have shown a relationship between a patient's stage of diffuse axonal injury (DAI) and outcome. However, few studies have assessed whether a specific lesion or type of corpus callosum injury (CCI) influences outcome in patients with DAI. The authors investigated the effect of various DAIs and CCIs on outcome in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI).

Genu of corpus callosum in diffuse axonal injury induces a worse 1-year outcome in patients with traumatic brain injury.

Background: Previous studies have shown a relationship between diffuse axonal injury (DAI) and unfavorable clinical outcome in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI), but it remains unclear whether the type of DAI lesion influences outcome after TBI. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether 1-year outcome after TBI differed between patients with different types of lesions.

Methods: A retrospective, single-institution study involving 261 patients with TBI was carried out between April 2003 and December 2009.

Comparison of clinical characteristics and MR angiography appearance in patients with spontaneous intradural vertebral artery dissection with or without subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Object: It is well known that spontaneous intradural vertebral artery dissection (siVAD) is an important cause of nontraumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). The factors that influence whether SAH develops, however, remain unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate whether clinical characteristics and imaging findings are different in patients with siVAD with SAH compared to those with siVAD without SAH.

Antiplatelet agents are risk factors for cerebellar hemorrhage in patients with primary intracerebral hemorrhage.

Some reports have suggested that the location of primary intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is affected by oral antithrombotic agents (ATs). This is important, given the increasing use of ATs to treat arteriosclerotic disease. The aim of this study was to explore whether oral AT therapy increase the incidence of any specific location of primary ICH.