Clinical Outcomes of Follow-Up Observation After Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection for Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Invading the Muscularis Mucosa Without Lymphovascular Involvement.

Background: The therapeutic approach after endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) diagnosed as pathological T1a-muscularis mucosa (pT1a-MM) without lymphovascular involvement (LVI) remains uncertain. We aimed to determine whether observation after ESD is acceptable for patients without LVI showing pT1a-MM cancer.

Methods: We retrospectively registered 566 ESCC patients who were treated with ESD at ten institutions between January 2007 and December 2015.

Risk and prognostic factors of invasive gastric cancer detection during surveillance endoscopy: Multi-institutional cross-sectional study.

Objectives: Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) is important for the detection of curable gastric cancer (GC). However, there are no appropriate surveillance data during routine endoscopic inspections. This study aimed to clarify the risk factors of pT1b or deeper GC detection during surveillance endoscopy.

Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection for Early Gastric Cancer in Patients Aged 85 Years Old or Older Is Associated with a Good Prognosis Compared to Conservative Treatment without Any Invasive Procedure.

Introduction: Studies have reported the feasibility of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) for early gastric cancer (EGC) in elderly people with respect to both short- and long-term outcomes. As the elderly population in society increases, the requirement for managing super-elderly patients aged ≥85 years with EGC will also increase. This study aims to identify the long-term clinical outcomes of ESD for clinical T1N0 EGC in patients aged ≥85 years.

Prognostic risk factors associated with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients undergoing endoscopic submucosal dissection: a multi-center cohort study.

Background: Long-term outcomes of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) have not been assessed in a large, multicenter cohort. We aimed to evaluate long-term outcomes of ESD for ESCC in a real-world setting.

Methods: We retrospectively recruited 659 patients who underwent ESD for ESCC at ten institutions from January 2007 to December 2015.

Effectiveness of including probiotics to eradication therapies.

The eradication rate of () with proton pump inhibitors, amoxicillin, and clarithromycin has reportedly decreased. Some studies have found probiotics to be useful in eradicating , but these effects have not been sufficiently investigated. We aimed to elucidate the role of probiotics in eradicating infection.

Clinical Outcomes of Vonoprazan-Treated Patients after Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection for Gastric Neoplasms: A Prospective Multicenter Observation Study.

Background: Vonoprazan (VPZ) has the potential to prevent delayed bleeding and promote ulcer healing after endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) similar to proton pump inhibitors (PPIs).

Objective: We aimed to evaluate the outcomes of VPZ-treated patients after ESD and compared the efficacy and feasibility in preventing a delayed bleeding and in healing an artificial ulcer after ESD between the VPZ and PPI therapies.

Methods: This was a prospective, observation study in 11 Japanese medical institutions.

High-Fat Diet Causes Constipation in Mice via Decreasing Colonic Mucus.

Background: Constipation is one of the most common gastrointestinal complaints. Although the causes of constipation are varied, dietary habits have a significant influence. Excessive fat intake is suggested as one of the main causes of constipation; however, the exact mechanism is unknown.

Can image-enhanced endoscopy improve the diagnosis of Kyoto classification of gastritis in the clinical setting?

Endoscopic diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection, the most common cause of gastric cancer, is very important to clarify high-risk patients of gastric cancer for reducing morbidity and mortality of gastric cancer. Recently, the Kyoto classification of gastritis was developed based on the endoscopic characteristics of H.

Linked color imaging identifies important risk factors associated with gastric cancer after successful eradication of Helicobacter pylori.

Background And Aims: Limited studies have evaluated the risk factors of gastric cancer (GC) after eradication of Helicobacter pylori (H pylori) using endoscopic findings. We aimed to investigate GC detection-related endoscopic findings after eradication of H pylori using linked color imaging (LCI), a novel image-enhanced endoscopy.

Methods: This single-center, cross-sectional study evaluated background mucosa-associated endoscopic findings described in the Kyoto classification of gastritis in patients with newly detected GC after eradication of H pylori (CA group, n = 109) and those without GC (NC group, n = 85) using white-light imaging (WLI) and LCI.

Efficacy of Magnifying Narrow Band Imaging for Delineating Horizontal Margins of Early Gastric Cancer.

Background/aims: The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of magnifying narrow-band imaging (M-NBI) with histopathological confirmation in identifying the demarcation line (DL) of early gastric cancer (EGC).

Methods: EGCs resected by endoscopic submucosal dissection after identifying the DL using M-NBI following histopathological confirmation were included. After determining the DL for the entire EGC lesion using M-NBI, at least 4 biopsies were taken from non-cancerous tissues outside the EGC lesion for histopathological confirmation.

Transforming growth factor β1-induced collagen production in myofibroblasts is mediated by reactive oxygen species derived from NADPH oxidase 4.

Intestinal fibrosis with stricture formation is a severe complication of Crohn's disease (CD). Though new therapeutic targets to enable the prevention or treatment of intestinal fibrosis are needed, markers of this condition and the basic mechanisms responsible have not been established. NADPH oxidase (NOX) 4 has already been reported to play a key role in models of fibrogenesis, including that of the lung.

Clinical and Pathological Challenges in the Diagnosis of Gastric-Type Differentiated Adenocarcinoma in the Stomach: A Study of Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection Cases.

Background/aims: Gastric-type differentiated adenocarcinoma (GDA) of the stomach is a rare variant of gastric cancer that is highly infiltrating and exhibits early metastasis. However, the endoscopic and pathological features of "early-stage" GDA remain unknown. The aim of this study is to characterize early-stage GDA.

A review of the mechanism and prophylaxis of acetyl salicylic acid-induced injury of the small intestine.

Besides the preventive effect of aspirin on cerebrocardiovascular diseases, aspirin has adverse effects, especially on the gastrointestinal system and kidneys. Especially, a recent advancement in endoscopy revealed that aspirin-induced small intestinal mucosal injury is considerably higher than previously believed. However, the mechanism of this phenomenon is not clear yet.

Rebamipide upregulates mucin secretion of intestinal goblet cells via Akt phosphorylation.

Mucin is produced and secreted by epithelial goblet cells and is a key component of the innate immune system, acting as a barrier in the intestinal tract. However, no studies have been conducted investigating the increase in mucin secretion to enhance the intestinal barrier function. The present study investigated whether rebamipide (Reb) acts as a secretagogue of intestinal mucin and the underlying mechanisms involved, thereby focusing on the effect on goblet cells.

Magnifying Endoscopy with Blue Laser Imaging Improves the Microstructure Visualization in Early Gastric Cancer: Comparison of Magnifying Endoscopy with Narrow-Band Imaging.

Backgrounds: Magnifying endoscopy with blue laser imaging (ME-BLI) for diagnosis of early gastric cancer (EGC) is as effective as magnifying endoscopy with narrow-band imaging (ME-NBI). However, there are different EGCs in microstructure visualization between ME-BLI and ME-NBI. This study aimed to clarify the pathological features of the EGCs, in which microstructure visualization was different between ME-NBI and ME-BLI.

Early-Stage Gastric Cancer Can Be Found in Improved Atrophic Mucosa over Time from Successful Helicobacter pylori Eradication.

Background/aims: Early-stage gastric cancer (EGC) is detected even after successful Helicobacter pylori eradication. This study is aimed at clarifying the clinicopathological characteristics of EGC detected after successful H. pylori eradication.