Publications by authors named "Atsushi Kosaka"
Systemic Capillary Leak Syndrome (SCLS) is a rare disease that causes severe distributive shock provoked by infection or vaccination. SCLS is clinically diagnosed by a triad of distributive shock, paradoxical hemoconcentration, and hypoalbuminemia. SCLS associated with coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in adults has not been reported yet in Japan.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Non-serogroupable () the most common type of in asymptomatic carriers, rarely causes infections. Most reported cases of infection are in patients with immunodeficiency, primarily complement deficiencies.
Case Presentation: A 54-year-old immunocompetent man was transferred to our hospital to treat severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).
Background: Antimicrobial administration is necessary before specific dental procedures to prevent postprocedural infections and complications and antimicrobials are sometimes indicated for the treatment of odontogenic infections. However, antimicrobials are commonly misused by dentists.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at 4 public, tertiary-care hospitals in Tokyo, Japan, from June to July 2019.
Disseminated toxoplasmosis associated with haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (DT-HLH) is rare and difficult to diagnose compared to disseminated toxoplasmosis or HLH presenting alone. Because of the limited number of reported cases, the clinical characteristics and outcomes of DT-HLH are unknown. We report a case of DT-HLH in a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patient who was successfully treated with early anti-toxoplasmic therapy and performed a comprehensive literature review.
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- Several cases of COVID-19-associated leukoencephalopathy have been reported, often linked to hypoxia, but the exact mechanisms and outcomes are still not fully understood.
- A case study of a 65-year-old woman illustrates that leukoencephalopathy can occur without severe hypoxia, as she experienced altered consciousness and abnormal behavior after developing COVID-19 pneumonia following treatment for pyelonephritis.
- The study emphasizes the need for clinicians to consider leukoencephalopathy when diagnosing consciousness issues in COVID-19 patients, even in the absence of significant hypoxia, and notes that gradual neurological recovery is possible.
Objective: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), was first reported in China and subsequently spread worldwide. In Japan, many clusters occurred during the first wave in 2020. We describe the investigation of an early outbreak in a Tokyo hospital.
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- Japan lacks comprehensive data on the epidemiology of imported infectious diseases, prompting the creation of J-RIDA (Japan Registry for Infectious Diseases from Abroad) to gather detailed clinical information.
- From October 2017 to September 2019, J-RIDA collected data from 15 medical institutions, documenting 3,046 cases with details like patient demographics, travel history, and final diagnosis.
- The study found that most cases were linked to travel in Southeast Asia, with common issues including fever, gastrointestinal, respiratory symptoms, and diseases like travelers' diarrhea and dengue fever.
Article Synopsis
- - The study examined the clinical outcomes of critically ill COVID-19 patients in Tokyo, noting that prior literature on this topic is scarce.
- - Fourteen patients on mechanical ventilation were analyzed; most were male with pre-existing health issues like hypertension and diabetes, showing a 28-day mortality rate of 35.7% due to respiratory failure.
- - The findings indicate a high mortality rate in intensive care settings for COVID-19 and suggest the need for further research on optimal treatment strategies and timing for mechanical ventilation.
Article Synopsis
- Liposomal-amphotericin B (L-AmB) is a treatment for cutaneous leishmaniasis, but detailed cases of treatment failure are not well documented.
- A 58-year-old man developed a cutaneous ulcer caused by Leishmania braziliensis after returning from Venezuela and initially received L-AmB at a dose of 3 mg/kg/day for 6 days, which did not heal the ulcer.
- The patient was effectively retreated with a higher dose of L-AmB at 4 mg/kg/day, totaling 36 mg/kg, suggesting that increasing the dose can be a valid option when the standard treatment fails.
Background: Ebola virus disease (EVD) was endemic to Africa in 2014-2016. Supportive therapies have been shown to improve the outcome of EVD, and additional supportive therapy including blood transfusion therapy and external circulation could be needed in the event of a future global outbreak. However, pre-transfusion testing policies and guidelines have not yet been established in Japan.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is gaining attention as a public health problem. We present two cases of CL imported from Syria and Venezuela in Japan. We diagnosed them as CL non-invasively by the direct boil loop-mediated isothermal amplification method and an innovative sequencing method using the MinION™ sequencer.
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