Publications by authors named "Atsushi Kono"

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by the accumulation of amyloid-β and tau proteins, leading to neurofibrillary tangles. A biomarker-based diagnostic method called the ATN system categorizes AD pathology into amyloid-β (A), tau (T), and neurodegeneration (N). The relationship between regional tau deposition and reduced glucose metabolism in the preclinical AD stage is not well understood.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • Symmetrical lesions in the temporal poles and external capsules on brain MRI are typically linked to CADASIL but can also appear in NMOSD.
  • A study with 55 NMOSD patients revealed that 33 had brain lesions, with only 2 (6%) showing the specific symmetrical lesions linked to CADASIL.
  • The findings suggest that when such lesions appear on MRI, NMOSD should be included in the list of possible diagnoses.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Purpose: Multiple sclerosis (MS) and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) are two major demyelinating diseases affecting the central nervous system (CNS). The objective of this study is to evaluate the prevalence of pontine trigeminal nerve lesions in patients diagnosed with MS and NMOSD using MRI.

Methods: This retrospective study included patients diagnosed with MS or NMOSD between July 2018 and July 2023.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Solitary fibrous tumor (SFT) is a rare interstitial tumor that originates from various soft tissues, and SFTs occurring within the cranium are extremely rare. While intracranial SFTs with cerebral hemorrhage or subarachnoid hemorrhage have been reported, there have been no reports of intracranial SFTs causing subdural hematoma. In this case, we report on an intracranial SFT accompanied by a subdural hematoma.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

To identify the compounds that contribute to the diverse flavours of table grapes, the flavours and volatile compounds of 38 grape cultivars harvested over 3 years are evaluated through sensory analysis and solvent-assisted flavour evaporation (SAFE). The cultivars are characterized and grouped into seven clusters by hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) using sensory evaluation data with a flavour wheel specific to table grapes. These clusters were similar to conventional flavour classifications, except that the foxy and neutral cultivars form multiple clusters, highlighting the flavour diversity of table grapes.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background And Purpose: Mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP) is a key index for chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH). Using machine learning, we attempted to construct an accurate prediction model for mPAP in patients with CTEPH.

Methods: A total of 136 patients diagnosed with CTEPH were included, for whom mPAP was measured.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Rationale And Objectives: Pericardial fat (PF)-the thoracic visceral fat surrounding the heart-promotes the development of coronary artery disease by inducing inflammation of the coronary arteries. To evaluate PF, we generated pericardial fat count images (PFCIs) from chest radiographs (CXRs) using a dedicated deep-learning model.

Materials And Methods: We reviewed data of 269 consecutive patients who underwent coronary computed tomography (CT).

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

To evaluate the diagnostic performance of our deep learning (DL) model of COVID-19 and investigate whether the diagnostic performance of radiologists was improved by referring to our model. Our datasets contained chest X-rays (CXRs) for the following three categories: normal (NORMAL), non-COVID-19 pneumonia (PNEUMONIA), and COVID-19 pneumonia (COVID). We used two public datasets and private dataset collected from eight hospitals for the development and external validation of our DL model (26,393 CXRs).

View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • The paper addresses the challenge of prognosis prediction for rare diseases, specifically malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM), by using a multimodal deep learning (DL) approach that combines limited 3D PET/CT images with clinical data to enhance predictive accuracy.
  • A unique 3D convolutional conditional variational autoencoder (3D-CCVAE) is employed to reduce the dimensionality of PET images, while also leveraging clinical data to prevent overlearning and optimize efficiency in the prediction process.
  • The study involved training multiple models on data from 520 MPM patients, comparing the performance of the 3D-CCVAE model against variations without key mechanisms, and measuring outcomes using
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

We aimed to examine the accuracy of tumor staging of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) by using 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18F-FDG PET-CT). From January 2001 to December 2021, 202 patients underwent PET-CT, CT, and MRI for the initial staging of ICC in two institutions. Among them, 102 patients had undergone surgical treatment.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Although grapes accumulate diverse groups of volatile compounds, their genetic regulation in different cultivars remains unelucidated. Therefore, this study investigated the volatile composition in the berries of an interspecific hybrid population from a Vitis labruscana 'Campbell Early' (CE) × Vitis vinifera 'Muscat of Alexandria' (MA) cross to understand the relationship among volatile compounds and their genetic regulation. Then, a quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis of its volatile compounds was conducted.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Poor subpleural perfusion (PSP) on dual-energy computed tomography (DE-CT) suggests microvasculopathy in chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH). However, whether the microvasculopathy findings are equivalent to those in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) remains unclear. The aim of this study was to elucidate the characteristics of microvasculopathy in CTEPH compared to those of that in PAH.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

The integrated positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance imaging (PET/MRI) scanner simultaneously acquires metabolic information via PET and morphological information using MRI. However, attenuation correction, which is necessary for quantitative PET evaluation, is difficult as it requires the generation of attenuation-correction maps from MRI, which has no direct relationship with the gamma-ray attenuation information. MRI-based bone tissue segmentation is potentially available for attenuation correction in relatively rigid and fixed organs such as the head and pelvis regions.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Some of atrial fibrillation (AF) drivers are found in normal/mild late-gadolinium enhancement (LGE) areas, as well as moderate ones. The atrial wall thickness (AWT) has been reported to be important as a possible AF substrate. However, the AWT and degree of LGEs as an AF substrate has not been fully validated in humans.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Objective: Both myocardial perfusion scintigraphy and F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG PET) are useful for the diagnosis of cardiac sarcoidosis (CS). However, the association between the washout of Tc-labeled tracer and FDG PET has not been established. This study aimed to evaluate the association between the washout of Tc-labeled tracer and FDG PET findings in patients with CS.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Objective: Although previous studies have investigated age and gender effects on striatal subregional dopamine transporter (DaT) binding, these studies were mostly based on a conventional regions of interest-based analysis. Here, we investigated age and gender effects on striatal DaT binding at the voxel level, using a multicenter database of [()I] N-omega-fluoropropyl-2beta-carbomethoxy-3beta-{4-iodophenyl}nortropane ([()I] FP-CIT)-single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) scans in 256 healthy Japanese adults.

Methods: We used the Southampton method to calculate the specific binding ratios (SBRs) of each subject's striatum and then converted the [I] FP-CIT SPECT images to quantitative SBRs images.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: The sigmoid septum has been generally evaluated subjectively and qualitatively, without detailed examination of its diversity, impact on the morphology of the left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT), and anatomical background.

Methods: We enrolled 100 patients without any background cardiac diseases (67.5 ± 12.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: The impact of the extent of aortic atheroma on patients' prognosis after transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) has not been completely evaluated. This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of the aortic atheroma volume (AAV) derived from computed tomography, and the effect of its differences among the segments of the aorta, in patients undergoing TAVR.

Methods: In total, 143 patients with symptomatic severe aortic stenosis who underwent pre-procedural computed tomography before TAVR procedure indication were evaluated.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background Myocardial extracellular volume fraction (ECV), measured by cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, is a useful prognostic marker for patients who have undergone aortic valve replacement (AVR) for aortic stenosis. However, the prognostic significance of ECV measurements based on computed tomography (CT) is unclear. This study evaluated the association between ECV measured with dual-energy CT and clinical outcomes in patients with aortic stenosis who underwent transcatheter or surgical AVR.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Detailed 3-dimensional analysis of mitral annular disjunction was undertaken in 3 comparative cases of mitral valve prolapse. A case of Barlow disease showed extensive disjunction, whereas cases of fibroelastic deficiency and forme fruste demonstrated less extensive disjunction. Considering the current controversies surrounding disjunction, these observations call for detailed research in the future.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Objectives: This study analyzed an artificial intelligence (AI) deep learning method with a three-dimensional deep convolutional neural network (3D DCNN) in regard to diagnostic accuracy to differentiate malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) from benign pleural disease using FDG-PET/CT results.

Results: For protocol A, the area under the ROC curve (AUC)/sensitivity/specificity/accuracy values were 0.825/77.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Objectives: To evaluate a deep learning model for predicting gestational age from fetal brain MRI acquired after the first trimester in comparison to biparietal diameter (BPD).

Materials And Methods: Our Institutional Review Board approved this retrospective study, and a total of 184 T2-weighted MRI acquisitions from 184 fetuses (mean gestational age: 29.4 weeks) who underwent MRI between January 2014 and June 2019 were included.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Purpose: To retrospectively assess the repeatability of physiological F-18 labeled fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) uptake in the skin on positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance imaging (PET/MRI) and explore its regional distribution and relationship with sex and age.

Methods: Out of 562 examinations with normal FDG distribution on whole-body PET/MRI, 74 repeated examinations were evaluated to assess the repeatability and regional distribution of physiological skin uptake. Furthermore, 224 examinations were evaluated to compare differences in the uptake due to sex and age.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Aims: Mitral annular disjunction is fibrous separation between the attachment of the posterior mitral leaflet and the basal left ventricular myocardium initially described in dissected hearts. Currently, it is commonly evaluated by echocardiography, and potential relationships with mitral valve prolapse and ventricular arrhythmia have been suggested. However, controversy remains as its prevalence and extent have not been fully elucidated in normal living subjects.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF