Extended-spectrum β-lactamase production and antimicrobial resistance among Enterobacteriaceae causing clinical infections in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis (2012-2020).

Background: Worldwide, antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has grown to represent a serious threat to the diagnosis, management, and prevention of bacterial diseases. Due to their multidrug resistance attributes, the WHO has classified extended-spectrum-β-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-PE)-associated infections as infections of critical significance, posing a serious risk to human health. Thus, the goal of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to assess the pooled prevalence of ESBL-PE and AMR among strains causing clinical infections in Africa.

and rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis among tuberculosis presumptive patients in selected zones of Tigray, Northern Ethiopia, 2016-2019.

Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) is the second leading cause of mortality from an infectious disease worldwide. Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB), where rifampicin-resistant TB is the biggest contributor, remains a global health threat. There is scant data on MTB and rifampicin resistance (RR-MTB) using Gene Xpert MTB/RIF assay in Ethiopia.

Pulmonary Tuberculosis and Rifampicin Resistant Mycobacterium Tuberculosis in Children and Adolescents using Gene Xpert MTB/RIF Assay in Tigray, Northern Ethiopia.

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) continues to be a global health problem. While childhood TB contributes 10% to the global TB burden, the paucibacillary nature of TB disease in children and the absence of reliable diagnostic methods have made MTB diagnosis in children to be a great challenge. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of MTB and rifampicin-resistant MTB (RR-MTB) among children using Gene Xpert MTB/RIF Assay in Tigray, Ethiopia.

A Systematic review on Prevalence, Serotypes and Antibiotic resistance of in Ethiopia, 2010-2022.

Background: In Ethiopia, salmonellosis is one of the most common zoonotic and foodborne illnesses. Ethiopia continues to be at risk for its fast-expanding medication resistance. For the development of preventative and control methods, summarized knowledge regarding salmonellosis is necessary.

Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase and Carbapenemase-Producing Gram-Negative Bacteria and Associated Factors Among Patients Suspected of Community and Hospital-Acquired Urinary Tract Infections at Ayder Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Tigrai, Ethiopia.

Background: Little is known about bacteria that produce extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) and carbapenemase in patients with urinary tract infections (UTIs) in Tigrai, Ethiopia. The aim of this study was to describe the magnitude of ESBL- and carbapenemase -producing gram-negative bacteria among patients suspected of community- and hospital-acquired UTIs at a referral hospital in Tigrai, Ethiopia.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at Ayder Comprehensive Specialized hospital from January 2020 to June 2020.

Prevalence, Antibiotic Resistance and Associated Factors of Among Patients Attending Non-Profitable Private Clinics in Mekelle, Tigrai, Ethiopia.

Background: Globally, is the second most common cause of bacterial sexually transmitted diseases. The prominent predicament of this bacterium is its complications, non-susceptibility for many drugs, and aggravated transmission of other sexually transmitted infections. There is limited information about the prevalence, antibiotic resistance, and risk factors of in Tigrai, Ethiopia.

Seroprevalence and Associated Factors of Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C Viral Infections Among Prisoners in Tigrai, Northern Ethiopia.

Background: Hepatitis B and C viruses are important health and socioeconomic problem across the globe, with a remarkable number of diseases and deaths in sub-Saharan African countries. The burden of hepatitis is unknown in the prison settings of Tigrai. Therefore, we aimed to describe the seroprevalence and associated factors of hepatitis B and C viruses among prisoners in Tigrai, Ethiopia.

Time to Sputum Culture Conversion and Its Predictors Among Multidrug Resistant Tuberculosis Patients in Tigray, Northern Ethiopia: Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background: Sputum culture conversion status is a cardinal index of treatment response and patient outcome for MDR TB patients on longer anti-TB drugs. But, there is limited information on time to sputum culture conversion of MDR TB patients on a longer anti-TB treatment regimen. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate time to sputum culture conversion and its predictors among MDR TB patients in Tigray, Northern Ethiopia.

Bacterial contamination and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of intensive care units medical equipment and inanimate surfaces at Ayder Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Mekelle, Northern Ethiopia.

Objective: To determine bacterial contaminants and their antimicrobial susceptibility patterns from medical equipment and inanimate surfaces.

Results: Of 130 swabs, 115 (88.5%) swabs were culture positive, of which contaminated medical equipment and inanimate surfaces account 70 (83.

HIV prevalence and risk factors in infants born to HIV positive mothers, measured by dried blood spot real-time PCR assay in Tigray, Northern Ethiopia.

Background: Infants infected during pregnancy or while breastfeeding requires early HIV diagnosis at 6 weeks after birth to identify HIV infection and timely treatment. The objective of this work was to determine the prevalence and associated risk factors of HIV among HIV exposed infants in the Tigray regional state, Northern Ethiopia.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 350 exposed infants born to HIV seropositive mothers from September 01 to December 30, 2016.

Enteric bacteria, methicillin resistant S. aureus and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns from buses surfaces in Mekelle city, Tigray, Ethiopia.

Objective: To assess the enteric bacteria, methicillin resistant S. aureus and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns from buses surfaces in Mekelle, Tigray, Ethiopia.

Results: A total of 300 swab samples were collected from the handle surfaces of the six city buses.

Prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus among janitors of Mekelle University, North Ethiopia.

Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns among janitors working at Mekelle University, Tigray, Northern Ethiopia.

Result: The overall prevalence of S. aureus and MRSA in the present study were 17.

Nasal carriage, risk factors and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus among healthcare workers in Adigrat and Wukro hospitals, Tigray, Northern Ethiopia.

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine nasal carriage, risk factors and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus among health care-workers of Adigrat and Wukro hospitals Northern Ethiopia.

Results: The overall prevalence of S. aureus and methicillin resistance S.

Hepatitis B virus infection and associated risk factors among pregnant women attending antenatal care in health facilities of Tigray, Northern Ethiopia.

Hepatitis B virus infection is one of the leading causes of liver disease in the world. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of HBV infection and associated risk factors among pregnant women in Northern Ethiopia using a cross-sectional study design. A total of 328 pregnant women were included in this study.

A review on Sero diversity and antimicrobial resistance patterns of Shigella species in Africa, Asia and South America, 2001-2014.

Background: Shigella, gram negative bacterium, is responsible for Shigellosis/bacillary dysentery. It is a global concern although it predominates in developing countries. These are Shigella dysenteriae, Shigella flexneri, Shigella boydii and Shigella sonnei.

Prevalence of Shigella among diarrheic children under-5 years of age attending at Mekelle health center, north Ethiopia.

Background: Shigellosis is recognized as a major global public health problem especially in developing countries particularly in children under-5 years of age. Therefore; the objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of Shigella among diarrheic children under-5 years of age attending at Mekelle health center, north Ethiopia.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among diarrheic children under-5 years of age from March to May, 2012.