Correlations of spheno-occipital synchondrosis, cervical vertebrae, midpalatal suture, and third molar maturation stages.

Objectives: To estimate the joint correlations among cervical vertebrae maturation (CVM), spheno-occipital synchondrosis (SOS), midpalatal suture maturation (MPS), and third molar mineralization (TMM) and to assess the predictive potential of SOS on CVM and MPS.

Materials And Methods: 570 pretreatment cone-beam computed tomogram (CBCT) scans from three private practices were analyzed, and MPS, CVM, SOS, and TMM stages were categorized and recorded by two independent investigators. Intra- and inter-rater reliability tests were evaluated with weighted Cohen's kappa tests.

Clinical evaluation of Artificial Intelligence Driven Remote Monitoring technology for assessment of patient oral hygiene during orthodontic treatment.

Introduction: This study aimed to clinically evaluate the accuracy of Dental Monitoring's (DM) artificial intelligence (AI) image analysis and oral hygiene notification algorithm in identifying oral hygiene and mucogingival conditions.

Methods: Twenty-four patients seeking orthodontic therapy were monitored by DM oral hygiene protocol during their orthodontic treatment. During the bonding appointment and at each of 10 subsequent adjustment visits, a total of 232 clinical oral examinations were performed to assess the presence of the 3 oral hygiene parameters that DM monitors.

In-vivo evaluation of Artificial Intelligence Driven Remote Monitoring technology for tracking tooth movement and reconstruction of 3-dimensional digital models during orthodontic treatment.

Introduction: An in-vivo evaluation of the Dental Monitoring (DM; Paris, France) Artificial Intelligence Driven Remote Monitoring technology was conducted in an active clinical setting. Our objectives were to compare the accuracy and validity of the 3-dimensional (3D) digital models remotely generated from the DM application to 3D Digital Models generated from the iTero Element 5D intraoral scanner (Align Technologies, San Jose, Calif) of patients' dentition during in-vivo fixed orthodontic treatment.

Methods: The orthodontic treatment of 24 patients (aged 14-55 years) was tracked across an average of 13.

Effectiveness of AI-driven remote monitoring technology in improving oral hygiene during orthodontic treatment.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of Dental Monitoring™ (DM™) Artificial Intelligence Driven Remote Monitoring Technology (AIDRM) technology in improving the patient's oral hygiene during orthodontic treatment through AI-based personalized active notifications.

Methods: A prospective clinical study was conducted on two groups of orthodontic patients. DM Group: (n = 24) monitored by DM weekly scans and received personalized notifications on the DM smartphone application regarding their oral hygiene status.

Consideration of root position in virtual tooth setup for extraction treatment: A comparative study of simulated and actual treatment results.

Objective: The purpose of the present study was to compare the root positions in virtual tooth setups using only crowns in a simulated treatment with those achieved in the actual treatment.

Methods: Pre- and post-treatment intraoral and corresponding cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans were obtained from 15 patients who underwent orthodontic treatment with premolar extraction. A conventional virtual tooth setup was used for the treatment simulation.

COVID-19 infection rates and mitigation strategies in orthodontic practices.

Background: COVID-19 has impacted and increased risks for all populations, including orthodontic patients and providers. It also changes the practice management and infection control landscape in the practices. This study aimed to investigate the COVID-19 infection and vaccination status of orthodontic providers and mitigation approaches in orthodontic practices in the United States during 2021.

Evaluation of the (hu)MANid program for sex and ancestry estimation in a diverse, contemporary CT scan-based sample.

Human remains from forensic and bioarcheological contexts are often fragmentary, requiring methods for estimating a forensic profile that are based upon limited skeletal features. In 2017, Berg and Keryhercz created an online application, (hu)MANid, that provides sex and ancestry estimation from mandibular morphoscopic traits and linear measurements. In this study, we examine the utility of the (hu)MANid application in a diverse, urban US adult sample (aged 20-45; n = 143) derived from computed tomography (CT) scans.

The Effects of Staining and Cleaning on the Color and Light Transmittance Changes of a Copolyester Retainer Material with Different Surface Textures.

This study evaluated the efficacy of different cleaning methods with respect to changes in the color and light transmittance of both rough and smooth thermoformed, copolyester retainer specimens, after staining in different solutions. Four hundred copolyester sheets (Essix ACE) specimens were fabricated over molds with different surface textures, smooth and rough. The specimens were stained in four different solutions ( = 100 per solution) over 28 days; then, each of the four groups of 100 stained specimens was sub-divided into five groups of 20 specimens and subjected to a different destaining solution.

Cone-beam computed tomography assessment of maxillary anterior alveolar bone remodelling in extraction and non-extraction orthodontic cases using stable extra-alveolar reference.

Objective: To explore alveolar cortical positional change in response to tooth movement in extraction and non-extraction orthodontic cases, using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and stable extra-alveolar references.

Materials And Methods: The pre-treatment (T1) and post-treatment (T2) CBCT scans of 25 extraction (EXT) and matched 25 non-extraction (Non-EXT) orthodontic cases were imported into Dolphin Imaging 3D, and oriented uniformly. Sagittal and axial CBCT cross-sections were traced using customized software-generated guides.

A Novel Vitamin D Receptor Agonist, VS-105, Improves Bone Mineral Density without Affecting Serum Calcium in a Postmenopausal Osteoporosis Rat Model.

Background And Objectives: VS-105, a novel vitamin D receptor agonist with significantly less hypercalcemic side effects than calcitriol, is a useful tool to investigate whether or not a vitamin D receptor agonist at non-hypercalcemic doses could improve bone mineral density (BMD).

Methods: VS-105 and calcitriol were evaluated in an ovariectomized (OVX) osteoporosis rat model and in calvariae bone organ culture.

Results: Treatment of OVX rats by VS-105 (0.

Maxillofacial space infection experience and risk factors: a retrospective study of 222 cases.

Background: Maxillofacial space infection (MSI) experience review is beneficial for its management.

Aim: To identify potential risk factors predisposing to the exacerbation of MSI and a prolonged length of stay (LOS).

Methods: We performed a comprehensive retrospective review of medical records of 222 MSI patients admitted in Center of Stomatology during 1993-2019.

Controversy of physiological vs. pharmacological effects of BMP signaling: Constitutive activation of BMP type IA receptor-dependent signaling in osteoblast lineage enhances bone formation and resorption, not affecting net bone mass.

Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) were first described over 50 years ago as potent inducers of ectopic bone formation when administrated subcutaneously. Preclinical studies have extensively examined the osteoinductive properties of BMPs in vitro and new bone formation in vivo. BMPs (BMP-2, BMP-7) have been used in orthopedics over 15 years.

Accuracy of Dental Monitoring 3D digital dental models using photograph and video mode.

Introduction: This study aimed to test the accuracy of the 3-dimensional (3D) digital dental models generated by the Dental Monitoring (DM) smartphone application in both photograph and video modes over successive DM examinations in comparison with 3D digital dental models generated by the iTero Element intraoral scanner.

Methods: Ten typodonts with setups of class I malocclusion and comparable severity of anterior crowding were used in the study. iTero Element scans along with DM examination in photograph and video modes were performed before tooth movement and after each set of 10 Invisalign aligners for each typodont.

Long-term effects of various cleaning methods on polypropylene/ethylene copolymer retainer material.

Objectives: To evaluate long-term light transmittance, surface roughness, and flexural modulus of polypropylene/ethylene copolymer retainer material after exposure to different cleaning methods.

Materials And Methods: Standardized polypropylene/ethylene copolymer retainer specimens (n = 70, 50.8 mm × 12.

Extracorporeal shockwave treatment impedes tooth movement in rats.

Background: Accelerated tooth movement has been a topic of interest for orthodontic research recently. Surgically facilitated orthodontic treatment has been shown to be an effective approach to accelerate tooth movement; however, it remains invasive, requires additional surgery, and may increase post-operative complications. In this study, we evaluate the effects of extracorporeal shockwave treatment (ESWT), a non-invasive approach to regenerate alveolar bone, on orthodontic tooth movement in rats.

Long-term effects of different cleaning methods on copolyester retainer properties.

Objective: To evaluate light transmittance, surface roughness, and flexural modulus of copolyester retainer material after long-term exposure to different cleaning methods.

Materials And Methods: Standardized copolyester retainer specimens (ACE) were subjected to seven chemical cleaning solutions for 6 months: Invisalign cleaning crystals, Retainer Brite, Polident, Listerine mouthwash, 2.5% acetic acid, 0.

Secretory microRNA-29 expression in gingival crevicular fluid during orthodontic tooth movement.

Secretory microRNAs (miRNAs) have been used increasingly as biomarkers for cancers, autoimmune diseases and inflammatory diseases. They are reported as being freely circulated or encapsulated in microvesicles such as exosomes. This study was performed to elucidate the presence of miRNAs with exosomes in human gingival crevicular fluid (GCF), and the expression profile of miRNA-29 during orthodontic tooth movement.

Long-term effects of seven cleaning methods on light transmittance, surface roughness, and flexural modulus of polyurethane retainer material.

Objectives: To evaluate the long-term effects of seven different cleaning methods on light transmittance, surface roughness, and flexural modulus of a polyurethane retainer material.

Materials And Methods: Polyurethane retainer specimens (Vivera®, Align Technology Inc) (70 specimens, n = 10 per method, 50.8 mm × 12.

Calvarial bone development and suture closure in Dicer-deficient mice.

Objective: To evaluate whether lack of Dicer during calvaria development would lead to dysmorphology of calvaria and suture closure in mice.

Materials And Methods: A conditional Dicer deficient under Osx promoter mouse was employed in this study. The 4- and 10-week-old conditional Dicer-deficient mice control littermates and Osx-cre transgenic mice were studied for calvarial bone morphology and suture closure.

MicroRNAs and Periodontal Homeostasis.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a group of small RNAs that control gene expression in all aspects of eukaryotic life, primarily through RNA silencing mechanisms. The purpose of the present review is to introduce key miRNAs involved in periodontal homeostasis, summarize the mechanisms by which they affect downstream genes and tissues, and provide an introduction into the therapeutic potential of periodontal miRNAs. In general, miRNAs function synergistically to fine-tune the regulation of biological processes and to remove expression noise rather than by causing drastic changes in expression levels.