Gestational weight gain as a mediator of the relationship between pre-pregnancy body mass index and the risk of preterm birth: A four-way decomposition analysis.

Objective: The aim of the present study was to examine and quantify whether the association between preterm birth (PTB) and pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) is mediated by gestational weight gain (GWG).

Methods: This is a secondary analysis of a large randomized community non-inferiority trial using a cohort design. The data of 26 101 pregnant women in their first trimester who sought prenatal care and met eligibility criteria were included.

A Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies on Prolactin Levels in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.

Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) are reported to have different levels of prolactin (PRL) compared to women without PCOS. This study aimed to evaluate the PRL levels in women with PCOS, compared to the control group, before and after adjustment for potential confounders. Using a logical combination of keywords, a comprehensive search was carried out in PubMed and Web of Science, from inception to 30 August 2022.

The effects of different physiologic concentrations of prolactin in association with reproductive hormones on the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus in men: Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study.

Background: Data is inconsistent and, for the most part, not sufficient to demonstrate the association between serum Prolactin (PRL) concentration within the physiologic range and the incidence rate of type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM) among men. Moreover, since both PRL and type 2 DM are associated with reproductive hormones, investigating these hormones might improve our understanding of how PRL might impose its effect on the incidence rate of type 2 DM.

Methods: For the present study, 652 eligible men aged 29-70 with a normal baseline PRL concentration were selected from the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study (TLGS).

Umbilical cord blood concentration of connecting peptide (C-peptide) and pregnancy outcomes.

Background: C-peptide offers potential as a marker to indicate childhood metabolic outcomes. Measuring C-peptide concentration might have better future utility in the risk stratification of neonates born to overweight or diabetic mothers. Prior research has tried to bring this matter into the light; however, the clinical significance of these associations is still far from reach.

Impact of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome on Silent Coronary Artery Disease and Cardiovascular Events; A Long-term Population-based Cohort Study.

Background: The existing data regarding the impact of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) on the risk of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD) are conflicting.

Aim: To explore the effect of PCOS status on the occurrence of silent coronary artery disease (CAD)/CVD.

Methods: A total of 1591 women without CVD at baseline, aged 18-45 years, including 356 PCOS patients (defined by the Rotterdam criteria) and 1235 eumenorrheic non-hirsute women without polycystic ovarian morphology (controls), were selected from the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study (TLGS).