Ultrasound based estimate of central venous pressure: Are we any closer?

Central venous pressure (CVP) serves as a direct approximation of right atrial pressure and is influenced by factors like total blood volume, venous compliance, cardiac output, and orthostasis. Normal CVP falls within 8-12 mmHg but varies with volume status and venous compliance. Monitoring and managing disturbances in CVP are vital in patients with circulatory shock or fluid disturbances.

Novel markers of COVID-19 mortality-A comparative study with patients of acute coronary syndrome.

Background: COVID-19 can cause severe pneumonia that can progress to multiple organ failure. It is believed that dysregulation of inflammation and cytokine storm, contributes to severe COVID-19. As inflammatory mediators play an important role in the pathogenesis of the severe disease, inflammatory markers like fever, leucocytosis, and C-reactive protein are known to predict severe disease.

Percutaneous coronary intervention of anomalous right coronary arteries arising from the left sinus of Valsalva: a single-centre experience from Northern India.

Background: An anomalous right coronary artery (ARCA) arising from the left sinus of Valsalva is an uncommon congenital anomaly. The unusual location, take-off and intramural courses of ARCA pose a considerable technical challenge during percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).

Aims: We sought to report our experience of PCI of ARCA in 35 cases of atherosclerotic occlusion.

Challenges and outcomes of pregnancy in an uncorrected Tetralogy of Fallot with pulmonary atresia and major aorta-pulmonary collateral arteries (MAPCA): a case report.

Background: Tetralogy of Fallot is a severe type of congenital heart disease (CHD) and one of the leading indirect causes of mortality & morbidity among women with CHD. We came across a rare case of an uncorrected Tetralogy of Fallot with pulmonary atresia and major aortopulmonary collateral arteries in pregnancy.

Case Presentation: We are reporting the challenges in managing a pregnancy of 25-years-old G3 P0110, previous one stillbirth and who was diagnosed to have congenital heart disease during pregnancy following spontaneous abortion.

Percutaneous Intervention of Coarctation of Aorta in an Adult Man Presenting With Congestive Heart Failure.

It is unusual to detect coarctation of aorta (CoA) in an adult person during their 6th decade of life. We came across a 52-year-old male who presented with left ventricular failure with low ejection fraction and atrial fibrillation, who was incidentally detected to have critical CoA. It was successfully managed with balloon angioplasty and had a favorable 6 months of clinical follow-up.

Objective-structured clinical examination in cardiovascular system for the assessment of internal medicine postgraduates amidst the Covid-19 pandemic.

Background The Covid-19 pandemic has posed a challenge to organizing a safe clinical assessment for postgraduate degree candidates completing the residency programmes in various specialties. Although minimizing the risk of Covid-19 transmission is a priority, fulfilling the objectives of the assessment is equally important. Methods We conducted this study in the Department of Internal Medicine at our institute.

Successful endovascular repair with coil embolization of ruptured right internal thoracic artery aneurysm.

Internal thoracic artery aneurysms (ITAAs) are rare with wide variation in clinical presentation and a high risk of rupture. Endovascular techniques are increasingly being used for treatment of such aneurysms over surgical repair in recent times. A 34-year-old male presented with progressive swelling of the right anterior chest wall for 2 weeks and was diagnosed with right internal thoracic artery aneurysm with contained rupture.

Acquired cyanosis secondary to RVOT obstruction due to pacemaker lead prolapse and vegetation in a child with ASD.

Pacemaker implantation in the paediatric population is associated with significant perioperative complications. We report a child with atrial septal defect who developed cyanosis following pacemaker implantation. An 8-year-old male child presented to us with fever of 2 months, along with cyanosis and clubbing.

Restrictive physiology masked by cardiac tamponade: A rare cooccurrence in a child with lymphoblastic T-cell lymphoma.

Cardiac involvement in T-cell lymphoma is not uncommon. Pericardial effusion is the most common manifestation of cardiac involvement with restrictive cardiomyopathy (RCM) due to tumor infiltration being extremely rare. The presence of paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea and orthopnea in a patient presenting with pericardial effusion could be related to tamponade or underlying myocardial disease.

Comprehensive assessment of cardiovascular disease risk in children with short stature due to isolated growth hormone deficiency: a case-control study.

Objectives: Growth hormone deficiency (GHD) in adults is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Although children with GHD are also believed to have a similar cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk beginning at an early age, the available data in children is scarce. We aimed to determine the various CVD risk parameters in children with isolated GHD (IGHD).

Simultaneous endovascular revascularization of external iliac artery dissection and transplant renal artery stenosis in a recent renal allograft recipient.

Various vascular complications following renal transplantation include renal artery and vein thrombosis, renal artery stenosis, pseudoaneurysm, and iliac artery dissection. Transplant renal artery stenosis (TRAS) is the most common, while iliac artery dissection is the rarest of these various vascular complications. We describe an elderly male, who had both external iliac artery dissection and TRAS at 2 months following renal transplantation.

Validity and correlation of quantitative flow ratio with fractional flow reserve for assessment of intermediate coronary lesions.

Background: The angiographic percent diameter stenosis (%DS) do not assess the physiological significance of epicardial coronary stenosis. The currently practised physiological indices require pressure wires with or without adenosine-induced hyperaemia. Quantitative flow ratio (QFR) is an angiography-based method to determine the functional significance of coronary stenosis.

Optical coherence tomographic insights of very late stent thrombosis of a second-generation drug-eluting stent: a case report.

Background: Very-very late stent thrombosis (VVLST) occurring more than 5 years after implantation of drug-eluting stent (DES) is extremely rare, being restricted to few case reports. Mainly described with first-generation stents, this life-threatening complication has not been described with later-generation stents. We describe the first case of VVLST occurring 3309 days (>9 years) after implantation of second-generation DES.

Kounis syndrome secondary to nimesulide ingestion: a case report.

Background: Kounis syndrome, also known as "allergic myocardial infarction," is a rare co-occurrence of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) in the setting of hypersensitivity reaction to any agent. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) like are often implicated in causing allergic reactions. Here, we present a case of anterior wall myocardial infarction (AWMI) occurred following angioedema secondary to intake of Nimesulide, not described earlier in literature.

Looped wire advancement-not always safe! Fat-not so useless! a case series.

Background: Coronary artery perforation (CAP), although rare, can often be a life-threatening complication of percutaneous coronary intervention. Looped wire tip or buckling of wire is conventionally considered safer due to reduced risk of migration into smaller branches and false lumen. Occasionally, buckling can indicate the entry of tip into dissection plane, or the advancement of looped wire can cause small vessel injury leading to perforation.

Real-World Clinical Outcomes of Indigenous Biodegradable Polymer Drug-Eluting Stents.

Introduction The durable polymer has been shown to cause neoatherosclerosis, and chronic local inflammation, predisposing individuals to in-stent restenosis and stent thrombosis (ST). The biodegradable polymer stents, which degrade after the desired function of drug release is achieved, allow for endothelial healing. Indigenous coronary stent manufacturing and its use are on the rise nowadays, and their safety and efficacy have been studied in well-structured clinical trials.

Prosthetic aortic valve dehiscence following infective endocarditis by a rare bacterium - .

Late prosthetic valve endocarditis (PVE) is a life-threatening condition, commonly caused by bacterial organisms such as staphylococci, streptococci, or enterococci. Infrequently, it can be caused by rare organisms. We hereby report a case of late PVE of the aortic valve, due to a rare gram-negative bacterium It is the first reported case of PVE caused by this particular organism.

Epidemiological and clinical profile, management and outcomes of young patients (≤40 years) with acute coronary syndrome: A single tertiary care center study.

Objective: To study the epidemiological and clinical profile, angiographic patterns, reasons for the delay in presentation, management, and outcomes of the acute coronary syndrome (ACS) in young patients (≤40yrs) presenting to a tertiary care hospital in North India.

Methods: We included a total of 182 patients aged ≤40 years and presenting with ACS to the cardiology critical care unit of our department from January 2018 to July 2019.

Results: The mean age of the study population was 35.

Retrieval and repositioning of an embolized atrial septal defect closure device using a gooseneck snare.

Background: Closure of all haemodynamically significant atrial septal defects (ASDs) is recommended irrespective of symptoms. Percutaneous device closure offers a favourable alternative to surgery with lower morbidity, shorter duration of hospital stays, and avoidance of a surgical scar. Though device closure is generally a safe procedure with high success rates, certain complications can arise including device embolization which poses a significant challenge for the treating team.