A Randomized, Double-Blind, Controlled Clinical Trial of Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Inositol as Monotherapies and in Combination for the Treatment of Pediatric Bipolar Spectrum Disorder in Children Age 5-12.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy and tolerability of omega-3 fatty acids (FAs) and inositol alone and in combination for the treatment of pediatric bipolar (BP) spectrum disorder in young children.

Methods: Participants were male and female children ages 5-12 meeting DSM-IV diagnostic criteria for a BP spectrum disorder and displaying mixed, manic, or hypomanic symptoms without psychotic features at the time of evaluation.

Results: Participants concomitantly taking psychotropic medication were excluded from efficacy analyses.

Findings from a pilot open-label trial of N-acetylcysteine for the treatment of pediatric mania and hypomania.

Background: Pediatric bipolar disorder is a highly prevalent and morbid disorder and is considered a prevalent public health concern. Currently approved treatments often pose the risk of serious side effects. Therefore, this study assessed the efficacy and tolerability of N-acetylcysteine (NAC), in children and adolescents with bipolar spectrum disorder.

A prospective open-label trial of long-acting liquid methylphenidate for the treatment of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder in intellectually capable adults with autism spectrum disorder.

This treatment trial is aimed at assessing the short-term tolerability and efficacy of liquid-formulation extended-release methylphenidate (MPH-ER) for the treatment of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in adults with high-functioning autism spectrum disorder (HF-ASD). A 6-week open-label trial (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02096952) was conducted in 15 HF-ASD adults (mean age 24.

Measuring the Impact of Burn Injury on the Parent-Reported Health Outcomes of Children 1 to 5 Years: A Conceptual Framework for Development of the Preschool Life Impact Burn Recovery Evaluation Profile CAT.

Due to the rapid developmental growth in preschool-aged children, more precise measurement of the effects of burns on child health outcomes is needed. Expanding upon the Shriners Hospitals for Children/American Burn Association Burn Outcome Questionnaire 0 to 5 (BOQ0-5), we developed a conceptual framework describing domains important in assessing recovery from burn injury among preschool-aged children (1-5 years). We developed a working conceptual framework based on the BOQ0-5, the National Research Council and Institute of Medicine's Model of Child Health, and the World Health Organization's International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health for Children and Youth.

Does L-Methylfolate Supplement Methylphenidate Pharmacotherapy in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder?: Evidence of Lack of Benefit From a Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Randomized Clinical Trial.

Purpose/background: Interventions for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) may be inadequate for some patients. There is evidence that supplementation with L-methylfolate augments antidepressant agent effects and thus might also augment ADHD treatment effects by a common catecholaminergic mechanism.

Methods: Forty-four adults with Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition diagnosis of ADHD participated in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, 12-week trial of 15 mg of L-methylfolate in combination with osmotic-release oral system methylphenidate.

Attention problems and pathological gaming: resolving the 'chicken and egg' in a prospective analysis.

Pathological gaming (PG) behaviors are behaviors which interfere with other life responsibilities. Continued debate exists regarding whether symptoms of PG behaviors are a unique phenomenon or arise from other mental health problems, including attention problems. Development of attention problems and occurrence of pathological gaming in 144 adolescents were followed during a 1-year prospective analysis.

Preliminary evidence for the effects of morphine on posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms in one- to four-year-olds with burns.

This study tested the hypothesis that very young children who received more morphine for acute burns would have larger decreases in posttraumatic symptoms 3 to 6 months later. This has never before been studied in very young children, despite the high frequency of burns and trauma in this age group. Seventy 12- to 48-month-old nonvented children with acute burns admitted to a major pediatric burn center and their parents participated.

Posttraumatic stress disorder in the child of an adult burn victim: a case report and review of the literature.

Adults with a myriad of medical and surgical conditions are at risk for pain, delirium, and disfigurement. Needless to say, these critical illnesses are profoundly stressful for patients and their caregivers. However, physicians rarely consider the reactions of children to their parents' illnesses.

Performance of clinician versus self-report measures to identify obsessive-compulsive disorder in children and adolescents.

Objective: The aim of this study was to study agreement between clinician-rated measures and self-report measures previously used in epidemiologic studies to identify obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) in youth and to determine the adequacy of self-report measures as screening instruments.

Method: Leyton Obsessional Inventory-Child Version (LOI-CV) survey form self-report and Children's Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (CY-BOCS) clinician-report measures were compared in a sample of 81 OCD-affected youths diagnosed using structured diagnostic interviews and the best-estimate method. Sensitivities and agreement between tests are determined for different cutoff scores.