Geographic distribution and genetic diversity of Newcastle disease virus in pigeons from Pakistan.

Virulent NDV genotypes were repeatedly isolated from pigeons.Evidence of epidemiological links among viruses isolated from various locations.Distinct phylogenetic branches suggest separate, simultaneous evolution of NDVs.

Prevalence and Genetic Diversity of Cross-Assembly Phages in Wastewater Treatment Plants in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

The most common DNA virus found in wastewaters globally is the cross-assembly phage (crAssphage). King Saud University wastewater treatment plant (KSU-WWTP); Manfoha wastewater treatment plant (MN-WWTP); and the Embassy wastewater treatment plant (EMB-WWTP) in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia were selected, and 36 untreated sewage water samples during the year 2022 were used in the current study. The meteorological impact on crAssphage prevalence was investigated.

Molecular Epidemiology and Surveillance of Human Adenovirus and Rotavirus A Associated Gastroenteritis in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

In Saudi Arabia, acute gastroenteritis (GE) is a common illness affecting children and adults; however, the extent to which human rotavirus A (HRV) and human adenovirus (HAdV) strains contribute to the condition is unclear. The surveillance of the GE-causing viruses, HRV and HadV, was performed using polymerase chain reaction, sequencing, and phylogenetic analysis at King Khalid University Hospital. The associations between virus prevalence and meteorological factors were analyzed.

Pepper Mild Mottle Virus as a Potential Indicator of Fecal Contamination in Influents of Wastewater Treatment Plants in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Several indicators of fecal pollution in water resources are continuously monitored for their reliability and, of particular interest, their correlation to human enteric viruses-not justified by traditional bacterial indicators. Pepper mild mottle virus (PMMoV) has recently been proposed as a successful viral surrogate of human waterborne viruses; however, in Saudi Arabia there are no available data in terms of its prevalence and concentration in water bodies. The concentration of PMMoV in three different wastewater treatment plants (King Saud University (KSU), Manfoha (MN), and Embassy (EMB) wastewater treatment plants (WWTP)) was measured using qRT-PCR during a one-year period and compared to the human adenovirus (HAdV), which is highly persistent and considered an indicator for viral-mediated fecal contamination.

Genomic and comparative clinico-pathological assessment of two Pakistani pigeon-derived newcastle disease virus sub-genotypes XXI.1.1 and XXI.1.2 isolated in 2017.

Pigeon paramyxovirus type-1 (PPMV-1) is an antigenic-variant of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) which is associated with infection in Columbidae family. In this study, we isolated two pigeon-derived strains pi/Pak/Lhr/SA_1/17 (designed as SA_1) and pi/Pak/Lhr/SA_2/17 (designed as SA_2) from diseased pigeons collected in Punjab province in 2017. We performed the whole genome, phylogenetic analysis and comparative clinico-pathological evaluation of two viruses in pigeons.

Increased Prevalence of EBV Infection in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Patients: A Six-Year Cross-Sectional Study.

Epstein Barr Virus (EBV) is implicated in the carcinogenesis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and currently associated with at least 1% of global cancers. The differential prognosis analysis of NPC in EBV genotypes remains to be elucidated. Medical, radiological, pathological, and laboratory reports of 146 NPC patients were collected retrospectively over a 6-year period between 2015 and 2020.

Novel findings in context of molecular diversity and abundance of bacteriophages in wastewater environments of Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

The diversity among bacteriophages depends on different factors like ecology, temperature conditions and genetic pool. Current study focused on isolation, identification and diversity of phages from 34 sewage water samples collected from two different wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), King Saud University wastewater treatment plants (KSU-WWTP) and Manfoha wastewater treatment plants (MN-WWTP) in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Samples were analyzed by PCR and Next Generation Sequencing (NGS).

Oxygen saturation and blood volume analysis by photoacoustic imaging to identify pre and post-PDT vascular changes.

In this study, the blood volume and oxygen saturation of tumors were measured after photoacoustic imaging (PAI) under conditions of pre-photodynamic therapy (PDT), post-PDT, and 4 hrs, and 24 hrs post-PDT. PDTs with aminolevulinic acid (ALA) and low and high doses of benzoporphyrin derivative (BPD) were conducted to observe oxygen saturation changes, and the rapid oxygen consumption in the blood detected due to the action of BPD at the vascular level resulted in the recovery of PDT completion. Likewise, blood volume changes followed by ALA-PDT and BPD-PDT at low and high doses depicted a fast expansion of the blood volume after treatment.

Distribution and Molecular Identification of and as Potential Vectors of Rift Valley Fever Virus in Jazan, Saudi Arabia.

Entomologic investigations were conducted in the Al-Darb, Al-Reath, Al-Aridah, Abuareesh, Al-Ahad, Samttah, Sabyah, Damad and Beash areas by CO-baited CDC miniature light traps in the Jazan region. Vectors were identified morphologically, as well as COI gene segment amplification and sequencing. The relative abundance (RA%) and pattern of occurrence (C%) were recorded.

Automated image classification of chest X-rays of COVID-19 using deep transfer learning.

Introduction: In December 2019, the city of Wuhan, located in the Hubei province of China became the epicentre of an outbreak of a pandemic called COVID-19 by the World Health Organisation. The detection of this virus by rRTPCR (Real-Time Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction) tests reported high false negative rate. The manifestations of CXR (Chest X-Ray) images contained salient features of the virus.

Green Synthesis of CeO Nanoparticles from the Extract: Evaluation of Antioxidant, Anticancer, Antibacterial, and Wound-Healing Activities.

Metal oxide nanoparticles synthesized by the biological method represent the most recent research in nanotechnology. This study reports the rapid and ecofriendly approach for the synthesis of CeO nanoparticles mediated using the extract. The medicinal plant extract acts as both a reducing and stabilizing agent.

Evaluation of three different concentration and extraction methods for recovery efficiency of human adenovirus and human rotavirus virus A.

Routine wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) effluents monitoring is essential because of enteric viruses' low infectious dose beyond molecular detectability. In current study methods for concentration and extraction, inter-method compatibility and recovery efficiency of spiked human adenovirus (HAdV) and human rotavirus A (RVA) were evaluated. For virus concentration, polyethylene glycol precipitation (PEG), charged membrane-based adsorption/elution (CMAE), and glass wool-based concentration (GW) methods were used.

Novel insights of waterborne human rotavirus A in Riyadh (Saudi Arabia) involving G2 predominance and emergence of a thermotolerant sequence.

The routine evaluation of water environments is necessary to manage enteric virus-mediated fecal contamination and the possible emergence of novel variants. Here, we detected human rotavirus A (HRVA) circulating in two wastewater treatment plants, two lakes, irrigation water and a wastewater landfill located in Riyadh. VP7-derived surface protein sequences were assessed by phylogenetic analyses and inspection of thermotolerance-mediated secondary structure and seasonal variation.

A novel mathematical model for COVID-19 with remedial strategies.

Coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak from Wuhan, Hubei province in China and spread out all over the World. In this work, a new mathematical model is proposed. The model consists the system of ODEs.

Human Adenovirus Molecular Characterization in Various Water Environments and Seasonal Impacts in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

The regular monitoring of water environments is essential for preventing waterborne virus-mediated contamination and mitigating health concerns. We aimed to detect human adenovirus (HAdV) in the Wadi Hanifah (WH) and Wadi Namar (WN) lakes, King Saud University wastewater treatment plant (KSU-WWTP), Manfouha-WWTP, irrigation water (IW), and AnNazim landfill (ANLF) in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. HAdV hexon sequences were analyzed against 71 HAdV prototypes and investigated for seasonal influence.

Structural, Optical and Electrical Properties of CuCoZnFeO (x = 0.0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4) Soft Ferrites.

A series of cobalt-inserted copper zinc ferrites, CuCoZnFeO (x = 0.0, 0.1, 0.

Molecular adaptive evolution of SARS-COV-2 spike protein in Saudi Arabia.

The sequences of SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) from Saudi Arabia along with SARS-CoV and bat SARS-like CoVs were obtained. Positive selection analysis and secondary structure investigation of spike sequences were performed. Adaptive molecular evolution was observed in SARS-CoV-2 displayed by positive selection pressure at N-terminal domain (NTD; codons 41, 163, 174 and 218), Receptor binding domain (RBD; codons 378 and 404) and S1/S2 Cleavage site (codon 690).

Manganese-doped cerium oxide nanocomposite as a therapeutic agent for MCF-7 adenocarcinoma cell line.

The preparation of a manganese-doped cerium oxide (Mn:CeO) nanocomposite via hydrothermal route is described. Cubic fluorite structure of single phase was exhibited by studying structural analysis through x-ray diffraction (XRD) technique and morphological analysis was conducted by scanning electron microscope. Surface analytic technique of energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDX) was conducted to analyze the relative amount of any impurity and doping.

Mathematical modeling and experimental analysis of the efficacy of photodynamic therapy in conjunction with photo thermal therapy and PEG-coated Au-doped TiO nanostructures to target MCF-7 cancerous cells.

Some nanoscale morphologies of titanium oxide nanostructures blend with gold nanoparticles and act as satellites and targeted weapon methodologies in biomedical applications. Simultaneously, titanium oxide can play an important role when combined with gold after blending with polyethylene glycol (PEG). Our experimental approach is novel with respect to the plasmonic role of metal nanoparticles as an efficient PDT drug.

Correction: Iqbal, S. et al. Empirical Modeling of Zn/ZnO Nanoparticles Decorated/Conjugated with Fotolon (Chlorine e6) Based Photodynamic Therapy towards Liver Cancer Treatment. , 2019, , 60.

In the published paper [...

Manganese-Doped Cerium Oxide Nanocomposite Induced Photodynamic Therapy in MCF-7 Cancer Cells and Antibacterial Activity.

In this experimental approach, we explored the structures, morphologies, phototoxicities, and antibacterial activities of undoped and Mn-doped ceria nanocomposite materials, Mn Ce O The Mn Ce O nanocomposites were synthesized by employing a soft chemical route. Our prime focus was on the influence of different factors, both physical and chemical, i.e.

Empirical Modeling of Zn/ZnO Nanoparticles Decorated/Conjugated with Fotolon (Chlorine e6) Based Photodynamic Therapy towards Liver Cancer Treatment.

The current study is based on Zn/ZnO nanoparticles photodynamic therapy (PDT) mediated effects on healthy liver cells and cancerous cells. The synthesis of Zn/ZnO nanoparticles was accomplished using chemical and hydrothermal methods. The characterization of the synthesized nanoparticles was carried out using manifold techniques (e.

Respiratory Tract Viral Infections and Coinfections Identified by Anyplex™ II RV16 Detection Kit in Pediatric Patients at a Riyadh Tertiary Care Hospital.

Respiratory infections are caused by an array of viruses, and limited information is available about viral coexistence, comparative symptoms, and the burden of illness. This retrospective cohort study aimed to determine the etiological agents responsible for respiratory tract infections by Anyplex II RV16 detection kit (RV16, Seegene), involving 2266 pediatric patients with respiratory infections admitted to the Department of Pediatrics at King Abdul-Aziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard, Riyadh, from July 2014 to June 2015. The most frequent respiratory infections were recorded in the 1 to 5 year age group (44.