Precision measurement of rehabilitation interventions-a secondary analysis of motor error in a clinical trial with young children with cerebral palsy.

Introduction: The delivery of precision medicine in rehabilitation will require not only precise measurement of participant response, but also precise measurement of the "ingredients" of intervention and their dose. As an example, we report the measurement of motor error in two treatment groups from a randomized controlled trial in toddlers (mean age 26.3 months) with cerebral palsy (CP).

Type and Distribution of Gross Motor Activity During Physical Therapy in Young Children With Cerebral Palsy.

Objective: Physical therapists routinely deliver and prescribe motor practice to improve function. The ability to select optimal practice regimens is limited by a current lack of detail in the measurement of motor practice. The objective of this study was to quantify the type, amount, and timing of gross motor practice during physical therapist sessions.

A new methodological approach to characterize selective motor control in children with cerebral palsy.

Introduction: Despite being a primary impairment in individuals with cerebral palsy (CP), selective motor control (SMC) is not routinely measured. Personalized treatment approaches in CP will be unattainable without the ability to precisely characterize the types and degrees of impairments in motor control. The objective of this study is to report the development and feasibility of a new methodological approach measuring muscle activation patterns during single-joint tasks to characterize obligatory muscle co-activation patterns that may underly impaired SMC.

Motor training for young children with cerebral palsy: A single-blind randomized controlled trial.

Aim: To compare the effect of iMOVE (Intensive Mobility training with Variability and Error) therapy with dose-matched conventional therapy on gross motor development and secondary outcomes in young children with cerebral palsy.

Method: This single-blind, randomized controlled trial included repeated assessments of gross motor function (using the Gross Motor Function Measure) and secondary outcomes during a 12- to 24-week intervention phase and at three follow-up points after treatment. Treatment was delivered three times per week in both groups.

The relationship between family empowerment and fine motor, gross motor and cognitive skills in young children with cerebral palsy.

Background: Family empowerment in families of young children with cerebral palsy (CP) is an important consideration because the first few years of life can be overwhelming for parents. The purpose of this research was to investigate the relationship between family empowerment, fine motor (FM), gross motor (GM) and cognitive development in children with CP who were under 3 years of age.

Methods: Forty-one children with a mean age of 23.

Unweighting infants reveals hidden motor skills.

We investigated the role of rate limiting factors in development using walking as a model system. The achievement of bipedal posture and locomotion are among the most significant achievements in an infant's first year, with poor balance and weak muscles long proposed as the rate limiting factors. Compensating for either may reveal upright motor skill that has not yet emerged in the infant's natural repertoire.

The relationship between the Family Empowerment Scale and Gross Motor Function Measure-66 in Young Children with cerebral palsy.

Background: Cerebral palsy (CP) is the most common cause of motor disability in children. A concept to consider in order to meet the needs of children with CP and their families is family empowerment. Family empowerment can be defined as the process by which families acquire the skills, knowledge and resources to allow them to gain control and improve the quality of their lives.

The Use of Dynamic Weight Support with Principles of Infant Learning in a Child with Cerebral Palsy: A Case Report.

Aims: Typical infant movement is characterized by a high degree of motor exploration, error, and variability. However, children with cerebral palsy (CP) often cannot create these experiences due to their neuromotor impairments. The purpose of this case study is to describe a 6-month course of physical therapy (PT) incorporating principles of infant motor learning using dynamic weight support (DWS) in a child with CP.

Linear and Nonlinear Measures of Postural Control in a Toddler With Cerebral Palsy: Brief Report.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to describe changes in linear and nonlinear measures of postural control along with motor outcomes in a young child with cerebral palsy.

Summary Of Key Points: Posturography in sitting and standing, the Gross Motor Function Measure-66 (GMFM-66), and the Early Clinical Assessment of Balance (ECAB) were performed prior to, during, and after physical therapy. The child demonstrated independent sitting throughout the study and developed independent standing during the study.

Construct Validity of the Early Clinical Assessment of Balance in Toddlers with Cerebral Palsy: Brief Report.

: The purpose of this research was to investigate differences in Early Clinical Assessment of Balance (ECAB) scores within children with cerebral palsy (CP) with different Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) levels and between children with CP and typical development (TD) who are under three years of age.: The ECAB was administered to fifty children (13 with TD, 16 with GMFCS level II, 11 with GMFCS level III, 10 with GMFCS level III).: The group of children of TD had significantly higher scores than all groups of children with CP.

Physical activity in non-ambulatory toddlers with cerebral palsy.

Background: Children with cerebral palsy are less likely to be physically active than their peers, however there is limited evidence regarding self-initiated physical activity in toddlers who are not able, or who may never be able, to walk.

Aims: The aim of this study was to measure self-initiated physical activity and its relationship to gross motor function and participation in non-ambulatory toddlers with cerebral palsy.

Methods And Procedures: Participants were between the ages of 1-3 years.

The responsiveness and validity of the Early Clinical Assessment of Balance in toddlers with cerebral palsy: Brief report.

: The Early Clinical Assessment of Balance (ECAB) is a measure of postural stability for children with cerebral palsy (CP). The purpose of this research was to investigate the relationship between the ECAB and Gross Motor Function Measure-66 (GMFM-66) and to determine the responsiveness of the ECAB in children with CP under three years of age. : Twenty seven children (mean age of 25 months) participated.