Investigating the interplay of smoking, cardiovascular risk factors, and overall cardiovascular disease risk: NHANES analysis 2011-2018.

Background: This study explores the intricate relationship between smoking, cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors and their combined impact on overall CVD risk, utilizing data from NHANES 2011-2018.

Methods: Participants were categorized based on the presence of CVD, and we compared their demographic, social, and clinical characteristics. We utilized logistic regression models, receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analysis, and the chi-squared test to examine the associations between variables and CVD risk.