Heart rate determines the beneficial effects of beta-blockers on cardiovascular outcomes in patients with heart failure and atrial fibrillation.

Beta-blockers are recommended as a standard therapy for patients with heart failure (HF). However, beta-blockers are reportedly less effective in HF patients with atrial fibrillation (Af) compared with those with sinus rhythm (SR). Here, we investigated whether HR at discharge determined the cardiovascular outcomes in HF patients with Af treated with beta-blockers.

Role of AMPD2 in impaired glucose tolerance induced by high fructose diet.

A high intake of products containing fructose is known to mediate insulin resistance. In the liver, AMPD2, an isoform of AMPD, has important glucose metabolic homeostasis functions including maintenance of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). We speculated that AMPD2 induces impaired glucose tolerance in individuals who consume a high-fructose diet.

AMPD1 regulates mTORC1-p70 S6 kinase axis in the control of insulin sensitivity in skeletal muscle.

Background: Insulin resistance triggered by excess fat is a key pathogenic factor that promotes type 2 diabetes. Understanding molecular mechanisms of insulin resistance may lead to the identification of a novel therapeutic target for type 2 diabetes. AMPD1, an isoform of AMP deaminase (AMPD), is suggested to play roles in the regulation of glucose metabolism through controlling AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation.