Palatal canine impaction is associated with craniofacial shape in humans.

Background/objectives: It is unclear whether palatal canine impaction is related to genetic or local/environmental factors. If a genetic origin is assumed, then it could be expected that palatal canine impaction is associated with overall craniofacial development. Within this context, the aim of this study was to evaluate the craniofacial morphology of individuals with palatal canine impaction and compare it to a matched group of normal controls.

Direct Graphene Deposition via a Modified Laser-Assisted Method for Interdigitated Microflexible Supercapacitors.

The transcendence toward smarter technologies and the rapid expansion of the Internet of Things requires miniaturized energy storage systems, which may also be shape-conformable, such as microflexible supercapacitors. Their fabrication must be compatible with emerging manufacturing platforms with regard to scalability and sustainability. Here, we modify a laser-based method we recently developed for simultaneously synthesizing and transferring graphene onto a selected substrate.

All-Perovskite Multicomponent Nanocrystal Superlattices.

Nanocrystal superlattices (NC SLs) have long been sought as promising metamaterials, with nanoscale-engineered properties arising from collective and synergistic effects among the constituent building blocks. Lead halide perovskite (LHP) NCs come across as outstanding candidates for SL design, as they demonstrate collective light emission, known as superfluorescence, in single- and multicomponent SLs. Thus far, LHP NCs have only been assembled in single-component SLs or coassembled with dielectric NC building blocks acting solely as spacers between luminescent NCs.

Utilizing nullomers in cell-free RNA for early cancer detection.

Early detection of cancer can significantly improve patient outcomes; however, sensitive and highly specific biomarkers for cancer detection are currently missing. Nullomers are the shortest sequences that are absent from the human genome but can emerge due to somatic mutations in cancer. We examine over 10,000 whole exome sequencing matched tumor-normal samples to characterize nullomer emergence across exonic regions of the genome.

Parenting Styles and Psychosocial Factors of Mother-Child Dyads Participating in the ENDORSE Digital Weight Management Program for Children and Adolescents during the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Unlabelled: Childhood obesity is a complex disease with multiple biological and psychosocial risk factors. Recently, novel digital programs were developed with growing evidence for their effectiveness in pediatric weight management studies. The ENDORSE platform consists of mobile applications, wearables, and serious games for the remote management of childhood obesity.

Strong coupling in mechanically flexible free-standing organic membranes.

Strong coupling of a confined optical field to the excitonic or vibronic transitions of a molecular material results in the formation of new hybrid states called polaritons. Such effects have been extensively studied in Fabry-Pèrot microcavity structures where an organic material is placed between two highly reflective mirrors. Recently, theoretical and experimental evidence has suggested that strong coupling can be used to modify chemical reactivity as well as molecular photophysical functionalities.

The ENDORSE Feasibility Study: Exploring the Use of M-Health, Artificial Intelligence and Serious Games for the Management of Childhood Obesity.

Childhood obesity constitutes a major risk factor for future adverse health conditions. Multicomponent parent-child interventions are considered effective in controlling weight. Τhe ENDORSE platform utilizes m-health technologies, Artificial Intelligence (AI), and serious games (SG) toward the creation of an innovative software ecosystem connecting healthcare professionals, children, and their parents in order to deliver coordinated services to combat childhood obesity.

Long Short-term Memory-Based Prediction of the Spread of Influenza-Like Illness Leveraging Surveillance, Weather, and Twitter Data: Model Development and Validation.

Background: The potential to harness the plurality of available data in real time along with advanced data analytics for the accurate prediction of influenza-like illness (ILI) outbreaks has gained significant scientific interest. Different methodologies based on the use of machine learning techniques and traditional and alternative data sources, such as ILI surveillance reports, weather reports, search engine queries, and social media, have been explored with the ultimate goal of being used in the development of electronic surveillance systems that could complement existing monitoring resources.

Objective: The scope of this study was to investigate for the first time the combined use of ILI surveillance data, weather data, and Twitter data along with deep learning techniques toward the development of prediction models able to nowcast and forecast weekly ILI cases.

Flexible, Free-Standing Polymer Membranes Sensitized by CsPbX3 Nanocrystals as Gain Media for Low Threshold, Multicolor Light Amplification.

Lead halide perovskite nanocrystals (NCs) are highly suitable active media for solution-processed lasers in the visible spectrum, owing to the wide tunability of their emission from blue to red via facile ion-exchange reactions. Their outstanding optical gain properties and the suppressed nonradiative recombination losses stem from their defect-tolerant nature. In this work, we demonstrate flexible waveguides combining the transparent, bioplastic, polymer cellulose acetate with green CsPbBr or red-emitting CsPb(Br,I) NCs in simple solution-processed architectures based on polymer-NC multilayers deposited on polymer micro-slabs.

Neonatal haemostatic parameters in correlation to gestational age and birth weight.

Introduction: The aim of our study was to establish reference ranges for neonatal coagulation and fibrinolysis parameters and to investigate their relationship with gestational age (GA) and birth weight (BW).

Methods: A single-centre prospective study was conducted in all healthy neonates born in our hospital during the study period, excluding those with maternal or neonatal disorders and diseases that affect haemostasis. The following parameters were measured: fibrinogen, prothrombin time (PT), international normalized ratio (INR), activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) as well as factors II, V, VII, VIII, IX, X, XI and XII, von Willebrand (vWF), protein C, free protein S, antithrombin (AT), activated protein C resistance (APCr), tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1).

Structural Diversity in Multicomponent Nanocrystal Superlattices Comprising Lead Halide Perovskite Nanocubes.

Nanocrystal (NC) self-assembly is a versatile platform for materials engineering at the mesoscale. The NC shape anisotropy leads to structures not observed with spherical NCs. This work presents a broad structural diversity in multicomponent, long-range ordered superlattices (SLs) comprising highly luminescent cubic CsPbBr NCs (and FAPbBr NCs) coassembled with the spherical, truncated cuboid, and disk-shaped NC building blocks.

Subphenotypes in Non-Syndromic Orofacial Cleft Patients Based on the Tooth Agenesis Code (TAC).

Background: It was the aim of this study to investigate tooth agenesis patterns, which are expressed to different subphenotypes according to the TAC method in a spectrum of non-syndromic orofacial cleft patients. Methods: A total of 183 orofacial cleft patient records were assessed for tooth agenesis and TAC patterns. The association between TAC and sex, and cleft type was examined, and logistic regression models were additionally applied.

High-Performance Luminescence Thermometer with Field-Induced Slow Magnetic Relaxation Based on a Heterometallic Cyanido-Bridged 3d-4f Complex.

The 1:1:1 reaction of DyCl·6HO, K[Co(CN)] and bpyO in HO has provided access to a complex with formula [DyCo(CN)(bpyO)(HO)]·4HO () in a very good yield, while [DyFe(CN)(bpyO) (HO)]·4HO () was also precipitated (also in a high yield) using K[Fe(CN)] instead of K[Co(CN)]. Their structures have been determined by single-crystal X-ray crystallography and characterized based on elemental analyses and IR spectra. Combined direct current (dc) and alternating current (ac) magnetic susceptibility revealed slow magnetic relaxation upon application of a dc field.

Orofacial Muscle Weakening in Facioscapulohumeral Muscular Dystrophy (FSHD) Patients.

Background: Facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy is the third most commonly found type of muscular dystrophy. The aim of this study was to correlate the D4Z4 repeat array fragment size to the orofacial muscle weakening exhibited in a group of patients with a genetically supported diagnosis of FSHD.

Methods: Molecular genetic analysis was performed for 52 patients (27 female and 25 male) from a group that consisted of 36 patients with autosomal dominant pedigrees and 16 patients with either sporadic or unknown family status.

Stratification of carotid atheromatous plaque using interpretable deep learning methods on B-mode ultrasound images.

Carotid atherosclerosis is the major cause of ischemic stroke resulting in significant rates of mortality and disability annually. Early diagnosis of such cases is of great importance, since it enables clinicians to apply a more effective treatment strategy. This paper introduces an interpretable classification approach of carotid ultrasound images for the risk assessment and stratification of patients with carotid atheromatous plaque.

Interpretability methods of machine learning algorithms with applications in breast cancer diagnosis.

Early detection of breast cancer is a powerful tool towards decreasing its socioeconomic burden. Although, artificial intelligence (AI) methods have shown remarkable results towards this goal, their "black box" nature hinders their wide adoption in clinical practice. To address the need for AI guided breast cancer diagnosis, interpretability methods can be utilized.

Optical polarization properties of (11-22) semi-polar InGaN LEDs with a wide spectral range.

Electroluminescence polarization measurements have been performed on a series of semi-polar InGaN light emitting diodes (LEDs) grown on semi-polar (11-22) templates with a high crystal quality. The emission wavelengths of these LEDs cover a wide spectral region from 443 to 555 nm. A systematic study has been carried out in order to investigate the influence of both indium content and injection current on polarization properties, where a clear polarization switching at approximately 470 nm has been observed.

An Ontology-Based Serious Game Design for the Development of Nutrition and Food Literacy Skills.

Unhealthy dietary habits constitute a major risk factor for the onset of chronic diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases, cancer, diabetes and other conditions linked to obesity. Effective dietary changes are of paramount importance and can be promoted through empowering individuals with Nutrition Literacy (NL) and Food Literacy (FL) skills. This paper presents a novel serious game aiming at building NL and FL skills in adolescents and young adults.

Refugee camp health services utilisation by non-camp residents as an indicator of unaddressed health needs of surrounding populations: a perspective from Mae La refugee camp in Thailand during 2006 and 2007.

Introduction: This study explored the differences on the level of medical care required by camp and non-camp resident patients during utilisation of the health services in Mae La refugee camp, Tak province, Thailand during the years 2006 and 2007.

Methods: Data were extracted from camp registers and the Health Information System used during the years 2006 and 2007 and statistical analysis was performed.

Results: The analysis showed that during 2006 and 2007 non-camp resident patients, coming from Thailand as well as Myanmar, who sought care in the outpatient department (OPD) of the camp required at a significantly higher proportion admission to the inpatient department (IPD) or referral to the district hospital compared to camp resident patients.

Monolithically integrated white light LEDs on (11-22) semi-polar GaN templates.

Carrier transport issues in a (11-22) semi-polar GaN based white light emitting diode (consisting of yellow and blue emissions) have been investigated by detailed simulations, demonstrating that the growth order of yellow and blue InGaN quantum wells plays a critically important role in achieving white emission. The growth order needs to be yellow InGaN quantum wells first and then a blue InGaN quantum well after the growth of n-type GaN. The fundamental reason is due to the poor hole concentration distribution across the whole InGaN quantum well region.

Comparison of Machine Learning Approaches Toward Assessing the Risk of Developing Cardiovascular Disease as a Long-Term Diabetes Complication.

The estimation of long-term diabetes complications risk is essential in the process of medical decision making. Guidelines for the management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) advocate calculating the Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) risk to initiate appropriate treatment. The objective of this study is to investigate the use of sophisticated machine learning techniques toward the development of personalized models able to predict the risk of fatal or nonfatal CVD incidence in T2DM patients.

Monolithically multi-color lasing from an InGaN microdisk on a Si substrate.

An optically pumped multi-color laser has been achieved using an InGaN/GaN based micro-disk with an undercut structure on a silicon substrate. The micro-disk laser has been fabricated by means of a combination of a cost-effective microsphere lithography technique and subsequent dry/wet etching processes. The microdisk laser is approximately 1 μm in diameter.

Polarized white light from hybrid organic/III-nitrides grating structures.

Highly polarised white light emission from a hybrid organic/inorganic device has been achieved. The hybrid devices are fabricated by means of combining blue InGaN-based multiple quantum wells (MQWs) with a one-dimensional (1D) grating structure and down-conversion F8BT yellow light emitting polymer. The 1D grating structure converts the blue emission from unpolarised to highly polarised; Highly polarised yellow emission has been achieved from the F8BT polymer filled and aligned along the periodic nano-channels of the grating structure as a result of enhanced nano-confinement.

High-flow nasal cannula oxygen and nasal continuous positive airway pressure and full oral feeding in infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia.

Objective: To determine whether the time to achieve full oral feeding differed between infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) supported by nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP) compared with those supported by nCPAP and subsequently transferred to heated, humidified, high-flow nasal cannula oxygen (HHFNC).

Design: Two-cohort comparison.

Setting: Tertiary neonatal unit.

A candidate-gene association study of topiramate-induced weight loss in obese patients with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Objective: Clinical response to topiramate can vary greatly in obese patients. Identifying genetic variants associated with treatment response could help gain insight into the mechanism of action of topiramate. Little is known about the relationship between genetic variability and topiramate treatment response.