Serum Copeptin, NLPR3, and suPAR Levels among Patients with Autosomal-Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease with and without Impaired Renal Function.

Background: The pathophysiology of renal disease progression in autosomal-dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) involves not only cystogenesis but also endothelial dysfunction, leading to the activation of inflammatory and fibrotic pathways. This study evaluated the levels of biomarkers related to osmoregulation, immune system activation, and tubular injury in ADPKD patients with impaired or preserved renal function.

Methods: This study included 26 ADPKD patients with modestly impaired renal function (estimated glomerular filtration rate [eGFR] 45-70 mL/min/1.

Immunosuppressive regimens based on Cyclophospamide or Calcineurin inhibitors: Comparison of their effect in the long term outcome of Primary Membranous Nephropathy.

Introduction: Management of the Primary Membranous Nephropathy (PMN) usually involves administration of immunosuppressives. Cyclophosphamide (Cyclo) and Calcineurin Inhibitors (CNIs) are both widely used but only limited data exist to compare their efficacy in long term follow-up.

Aim: The aim of the present study was to estimate and compare long term effects of Cyclo and CNIs in patients with PMN.

Acute Interstitial Nephritis in a Patient with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer under Immunotherapy with Nivolumab.

Immune-checkpoint-inhibitors (ICPIs) represent a novel class of immunotherapy against several malignancies. These agents are associated with several "immune-mediated" adverse effects, but the reported renal toxicity of ICPIs is less well defined. We present the case of a 60-year-old man with a history of non-small cell lung cancer, who developed acute kidney injury (AKI) approximately 3.

Serum Fas Ligand, Serum Myostatin and Urine TGF-β1 Are Elevated in Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease Patients with Impaired and Preserved Renal Function.

Background/aims: The pathophysiology of renal disease progression in autosomal dominant polycystic disease (ADPKD) is largely unknown. Recent evidence suggests microvascular dysfunction leading to renal ischemia, as an additional pathway for renal function decline. This study examined the levels of serum Fas ligand (FasL), serum myostatin and urine transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1) and their association with markers of endothelial dysfunction, in ADPKD patients with preserved or impaired renal function.

Levels of Endocan, Angiopoietin-2, and Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1a in Patients with Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease and Different Levels of Renal Function.

Background: Endothelial dysfunction leading to unbalanced vasoconstriction and ischemia of renal parenchyma is increasingly proposed as an alternative pathway of renal damage in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). However, human studies investigating the evolution of such phenomena are limited. This study investigated the levels of emerging biomarkers of endothelial function, angiogenesis and hypoxia, in ADPKD patients with different renal function.

Evaluation of the tolerability and efficacy of sodium polystyrene sulfonate for long-term management of hyperkalemia in patients with chronic kidney disease.

Purpose: Sodium polystyrene sulfonate (SPS) is a cation-exchanging resin that has been widely used for several decades as first-line therapy of mild chronic hyperkalemia in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, evidence to prove the long-term tolerability and efficacy of SPS for the treatment of this condition is still missing.

Methods: In this retrospective, observational study, we enrolled 26 outpatients with stages 3-4 CKD who received oral therapy with low-dose SPS for mild chronic hyperkalemia in the Outpatient Nephrology clinic of our Department during 2010-2016.

Elevated asymmetric dimethylarginine is associated with oxidant stress aggravation in patients with early stage autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease.

Background/aims: In experimental models of polycystic kidney disease impaired bioavailability of nitric oxide (NO) and elevated mRNA expression of oxidative stress markers at the kidney level was noted. However, clinical studies investigating the potential role of endothelial dysfunction and oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) are limited. We evaluated asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) as marker of NO synthase inhibitor as well as 15-F2t-Isoprostane and oxidized-low density lipoprotein (oxidized-LDL) as measures of oxidative stress in patients with early stages ADPKD.

Hemodiafiltration does not have additional benefits over hemodialysis on arterial stiffness, wave reflections and central aortic pressures.

Background/aims: The hypothesis that dialytic modality affects arterial stiffness was never investigated. This study includes comparative evaluation of hemodiafiltration versus hemodialysis on arterial function during first and second weekly dialysis sessions.

Methods: 24 patients receiving hemodiafiltration and another 24 age- and sex-matched controls receiving hemodialysis were included.

Relationship between exercise test recovery indices and psychological and quality-of-life status in hemodialysis patients: a pilot study.

Background: The aim of this study was to correlate the psychological and health-related quality-of-life status of hemodialysis (HD) patients with recovery indices following maximal and submaximal exercise tests.

Methods: Twenty patients on HD (aged 53.5 ± 12.

Effects of intradialytic exercise training on health-related quality of life indices in haemodialysis patients.

Objective: To assess the effects of intradialytic exercise training on health-related quality of life indices in haemodialysis patients.

Subjects/patients: Thirty-five patients on haemodialysis, with a mean (SD) age of 48.8 (13.

Increase in oxidative stress but not in antioxidant capacity with advancing stages of chronic kidney disease.

Background/aims: Increased oxidative stress in chronic kidney disease (CKD) was suggested to be both a cause and an effect of renal injury. However, the evolution of oxidant stress from early stages of renal function decline is not fully clear. This study aimed to determine the oxidant-antioxidant balance across the whole range of renal function.