Developing theoretically underpinned primary care resources for patients with asthma: an exemplar from the IMPART trial.

Aim: This article reports on the development of patient resources for the IMPlementing IMProved Asthma self-management as RouTine (IMPART) programme that aimed to encourage patients to attend asthma reviews (invitation letters), encourage patients to enquire about asthma action plans (posters), and equip patients with the knowledge to manage their asthma (information website).

Background: To improve supported asthma self-management in UK primary care, the IMPART programme developed a whole-systems approach (patient resources, professional education, and organisational strategies).

Methods: Linked to behaviour change theory, we developed a range of patient resources for primary care general practices (an information website, invitation letters to invite patients for asthma reviews, and posters to encourage asthma action plan ownership).

IMPlementing IMProved Asthma self-management as RouTine (IMPART) in primary care: study protocol for a cluster randomised controlled implementation trial.

Background: Asthma is a common long-term condition and major public health problem. Supported self-management for asthma that includes a written personalised asthma action plan, supported by regular professional review, reduces unscheduled consultations and improves asthma outcomes and quality of life. However, despite unequivocal inter/national guideline recommendations, supported self-management is poorly implemented in practice.

Reporting dose in complex self-management support interventions for long-term conditions: is it defined by researchers and received by participants? A systematic review.

Background: The minimum clinically effective dose, and whether this is received in randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of complex self-management interventions in long-term conditions (LTCs), can be unclear. The Template for Intervention Description and Replication (TIDieR) checklist states that dose should be clearly reported to ensure validity and reliable implementation.

Objectives: To identify whether the expected minimum clinically effective dose, and the dose participants received is reported within research articles and if reporting has improved since the TIDieR checklist was published.

Sustaining interventions in care homes initiated by quality improvement projects: a qualitative study.

Introduction: Inadequate and varied quality of care in care homes has led to a proliferation of quality improvement (QI) projects. This study examined the sustainability of interventions initiated by such projects.

Method: This qualitative study explored the sustainability of seven interventions initiated by three QI projects between 2016 and 2018 in UK care homes and explored the perceived influences to the sustainability of interventions.

Junior doctors' aspirations for careers in ophthalmology: 40 years of surveys of UK medical graduates.

Objective: Using data from 40 years of national surveys of UK medical graduates, we report on ophthalmology as a career choice.

Design Setting And Participants: Self-administered questionnaire surveys of all graduates from all UK medical schools in selected years of qualification between 1974 and 2015.

Main Outcome Measures: Career specialty preferences of doctors one, three, and five years after graduation; career specialty destinations 10 years after graduation.

Preventing unintentional home injuries among children: exploring the perceptions of Iranian health professionals.

Background: Health professionals are key stakeholders who potentially have important roles in preventing unintentional child home injuries. This study aimed to identify facilitators and barriers to the prevention of unintentional child home injuries perceived by health professionals.

Design: A generic qualitative study involving semi-structured interviews.

Junior doctors' early career choices do not predict career destination in neurology: 40 years of surveys of UK medical graduates.

Background: The rapidly rising rates of brain diseases due to the growing ageing population and the explosion in treatment options for many neurological conditions increase the demand for neurologists. We report trends in doctors' career choices for neurology; investigate factors driving their choices; and compare doctors' original choices with their specialty destinations.

Methods: A multi-cohort, multi-purpose nation-wide study using both online and postal questionnaires collected data on career choice, influencing factors, and career destinations.

Career choices for nephrology and factors influencing them: surveys of UK medical graduates.

Objectives: To study early and eventual career choices for nephrology among UK medical graduates and investigate factors which influenced career preferences.

Design: Self-completed survey questionnaires mailed to medical graduates 1, 3, 5 and 10 years after graduation.

Setting: United Kingdom.

Career Choices and Career Progression of Junior Doctors in Dermatology: Surveys of UK Medical Graduates.

Objective: To report UK-trained doctors' career choices for dermatology, career destinations, and factors influencing career pathways.

Methods: Multicohort multipurpose longitudinal surveys of UK-trained doctors who graduated between 1974 and 2015.

Results: In all, 40,412 doctors (58% of graduates) responded in year 1, 31,466 (64%) in year 3, and 24,970 (67%) in year 5.

Smoking and Physical Activity in Healthy Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study in Tehran.

Background: Smoking and physical inactivity are two major risk factors for non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Not only these factors have a causal effect on NCDs, but they can also affect each other. This study aimed to assess the relationship between these factors as well as their effect on NCDs.