Efficacy of the apitherapy in the treatment of recalcitrant localized plaque psoriasis and evaluation of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) serum level: A double-blind randomized clinical trial.

Background: No universal consensus about optimal modality for treating the recalcitrant localized plaque psoriasis (RLPP) is available.

Objective: To evaluate the immunological and clinical therapeutic effect of using apitherapy in the treatment of RLPP.

Methods: Randomized 50 patients with RLPP received apitherapy (n = 25) and placebo (n = 25) every week.

Evaluation of TNF-α serum level in patients with recalcitrant multiple common warts, treated by lipid garlic extract.

No universal consensus about optimal modality for treating the recalcitrant multiple common warts (RMCW). The objective of the study was to evaluate the immunological mechanisms and clinical therapeutic effect of using lipid garlic extract (LGE) in the treatment of RMCW. The study included 50 patients with RMCW.

Randomized clinical trial of CO₂ LASER pinpoint irradiation technique versus chemical reconstruction of skin scars (CROSS) in treating ice pick acne scars.

Background: Pinpoint irradiation technique CO₂ LASER and Chemical Reconstruction Of Skin Scars (CROSS) are effective treatments for atrophic acne scars as fractional photothermolysis.

Objective: This study was designed to prospectively compare the use of a pinpoint irradiation technique versus TCA CROSS in treating ice pick acne scars.

Methods: Thirty-two patients with ice pick acne scars were included in this open, label pilot study.

Skin colonization by superantigen-producing Staphylococcus aureus in Egyptian patients with atopic dermatitis and its relation to disease severity and serum interleukin-4 level.

Objective: The objective of the current study was to detect Staphylococcus aureus colonization and the presence of superantigen in atopic dermatitis (AD) in Egyptian patients, and to determine its effect on disease severity and serum interleukin (IL)-4 levels.

Methods: Swabs were taken from the skin of 30 patients with AD. S.

Single-step PCR using (GACA)4 primer: utility for rapid identification of dermatophyte species and strains.

Dermatophytes are fungi that belong to three genera: Epidermophyton, Microsporum, and Trichophyton. Identification of dermatophyte species is essential for appropriate diagnosis and treatment of dermatophytosis. Routine identification depends on macroscopic and microscopic morphology, which is time-consuming and does not identify dermatophyte strains.