Hospitality Venues' Anti-tobacco Legislation Violation in 11 Different Cities in Türkiye.

In Türkiye, anti-tobacco legislation (Law No. 4207 on the Prevention and Control of Harms of Tobacco Products) aims to ensure a "tobacco-free" life for current and future generations. However, there are observations of violations in the hospitality sector.

Optic neuritis in Turkish children and adolescents: A multicenter retrospective study.

Background: Various etiologies may underlie optic neuritis, including autoantibody-mediated disorders described in the last decade. We re-examined demographic, clinical, laboratory features and prognostic factors in pediatric patients with autoimmune optic neuritis according to current knowledge.

Methods: Cases of pediatric ON from 27 centers in Türkiye diagnosed between 2009 and 2022 were included for retrospective evaluation.

Role of serostatus in pediatric neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders: A nationwide multicentric study.

Background: Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) are immune-mediated inflammatory disorders of the central nervous system (CNS) mostly presenting as optic neuritis and acute myelitis. NMOSD can be associated with seropositivity for aquaporin 4 antibody (AQP4 IgG), myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody (MOG IgG), or can be seronegative for both. In this study, we retrospectively examined our seropositive and seronegative pediatric NMOSD patients.

Shared Biological Pathways and Processes in Patients with Intellectual Disability: A Multicenter Study.

Background: Although the underlying genetic causes of intellectual disability (ID) continue to be rapidly identified, the biological pathways and processes that could be targets for a potential molecular therapy are not yet known. This study aimed to identify ID-related shared pathways and processes utilizing enrichment analyses.

Methods: In this multicenter study, causative genes of patients with ID were used as input for Disease Ontology (DO), Gene Ontology (GO), and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analysis.

Evaluation of Acute Ataxia in the Pediatric Emergency Department: Etiologies and Red Flags.

Background: We aimed to evaluate patients with acute ataxia and to determine the warning clinical factors in the early prediction of neurological emergencies.

Method: Patients with a history of balance and gait coordination disorder and clinically diagnosed as acute ataxia in pediatric emergency department were included in the study. As a result of final diagnosis, the characteristics of patients with and without clinically urgent neurological pathology (CUNP) were compared.

The Reverse Cross Finger Flap.

The reverse cross finger flap is usually performed on patients with deep dorsal digital skin, nailbed, and extensor tendon injuries that cannot be repaired and grafted. These patients will require additional dorsal digital flaps from the adjacent fingers.

Nitrogen removal performance of intermittently aerated membrane bioreactor treating black water.

The study investigated the effect of intermittent aeration on the nitrogen removal performance of a membrane bioreactor (MBR) treating black water. A pilot-scale MBR with an effective volume of 630 L operating as a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) with intermittent aeration was used in the experiments. Substrate feeding was limited to the initial non-aerated phase.

A hand surgeon's advanced experience with thoracic outlet compression syndrome.

Although hand surgeons may often see patients with arm and hand pain, numbness and tingling in their practice, the possibility of the presence of thoracic outlet compression syndrome (TOCS) is not often considered. In our practice almost half of newly referred patients have the complaint of upper extremity pain, numbness and tingling. In approximately 50% of these patients detailed history and physical examination are suggestive of TOCS.

Historical development of environmental education in Bulgaria.

The article discusses the periods of environmental education (EE) development in connection with internal social and global international influences, mainly the effect of the First United Nations Conference on Human environment in Stockholm 1972, the 1992 Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro and the 2002 Earth Summit in Johannesburg. It pays attention to the impact of the social background and the role of science and pedalogical research on the different stages in the curricular and textbooks development. The school subjects' contents and educational technologies also evolved towards student-centered interactive education in school and out of school.

The use of posterior pericardiotomy technique to prevent postoperative pericardial effusion in cardiac surgery.

Aim: The goal was to determine the effectiveness of the posterior pericardiotomy technique in preventing the development of early and late pericardial effusions (PEs) and to determine the role of anxiety level for the detection of late pericardial tamponade (PT).

Materials And Methods: We divided 100 patients randomly into 2 groups, the posterior pericardiotomy group (n = 50) and the control group (n = 50). All patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting surgery (CABG), valvular heart surgery, or combined valvular and CABG surgeries were included.

A hand surgeon's further experience with thoracic outlet compression syndrome.

Because hand surgeons frequently see patients with arm and hand pain, numbness, and tingling, it is important for them to recognize the possibility of the presence of thoracic outlet compression syndrome (TOCS). Approximately 40% to 50% of patients with this condition have associated peripheral nerve compression symptoms. Only about 10% of patients with suspected TOCS might show some objective evidence during physical examination and other examination modalities.

Involucrin-claudin-6 tail deletion mutant (CDelta206) transgenic mice: a model of delayed epidermal permeability barrier formation and repair.

Preterm birth is a major global health problem that results in a large number of infant deaths, many of which are attributable to the complications of an immature epidermal permeability barrier (EPB), for which there is currently no effective therapeutic option. The mammalian EPB is formed during development and is essential for survival as it maintains thermoregulation and hydration, and provides a defense against infection. Using transgenic mouse technology, we have demonstrated the importance of claudin (Cldn)-containing tight junctions (TJs) in epidermal differentiation and, in particular, that epidermal suprabasal overexpression of Cldn6 results in an EPB-deficient phenotype that phenocopies the dysfunctional EPB of premature human infants.

Combined surgical treatment of thoracic outlet syndrome: transaxillary first rib resection and transcervical scalenectomy.

Many different procedures have been developed to treat thoracic outlet compression syndrome (TOCS), a condition in which neurovascular structures in the thoracic outlet region are compressed. Currently, transaxillary first rib resection and transcervical anterior and middle scalenectomy are the most popular and standard procedures. In the early 1980s, some surgeons started to perform both procedures, starting with the scalenectomy and following with a transaxillary first rib resection.

The estimation of NMVOC emissions from an urban-scale wastewater treatment plant.

The emissions of 19 different non-methane volatile organic compounds (NMVOCs) from the sewage treatment plant of the province of Eskişehir in Turkey were estimated. The estimations were based on the modified surface-renewal model suggested by EPA. The estimated total annual amounts of the pollutants emitted (from the plant's primary and secondary clarifier units and their weirs, as well as the aerated biological treatment unit) varied between a range of 0.

Recurrent thoracic outlet syndrome.

In the author's experience, the rate of recurrence is lower (5%-10%) when a combined procedure (transaxillary first rib resection followed by immediate transcervical anterior and middle scalenectomy) is performed as the primary operation. The author strongly believes this combined procedure accomplishes an excellent decompression of the thoracic outlet area and decreases the rate of recurrence and reoperation. In addition, spontaneous recurrence most likely is caused when scar tissue gradually builds up in the surgical area.

Combined surgical treatment of thoracic outlet syndrome: transaxillary first rib resection and transcervical scalenectomy.

Transaxillary first rib resection and transcervical scalenectomy are common procedures used for treatment of thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS). In the early 1980s, some surgeons started to perform both procedures, starting with the scalenectomy and following with a transaxillary first rib resection. The author has found that performing these procedures in the reverse order, starting with the first rib resection and following immediately with a transcervical scalenectomy is an easier approach, providing total decompression, better relief of symptoms, and a lower recurrence rate.

History of thoracic outlet syndrome.

Thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS), a condition in which neurovascular structures in the thoracic outlet region are compressed, can be caused by anatomical abnormalities or acquired changes in the soft tissues and bony structures in the region. The brachial plexus is the most frequently affected structure. TOS is one of the most difficult neurovascular compressions in the upper extremity to manage because of the variability of complaints and the high risk associated with surgical treatment.

Thoracic outlet syndrome: anatomy.

The thoracic outlet region contains three important structures: the brachial plexus, the subclavian artery, and the subclavian vein. As they travel from the upper mediastinum to the upper extremity, these structures run through three important spaces: the interscalene triangle, the costoclavicular space, and the subpectoral space. Compression can occur in any of these three spaces because of structural anomalies or trauma.

Scapulothoracic stabilisation for winging of the scapula using strips of autogenous fascia lata.

We have used a modified technique in five patients to correct winging of the scapula caused by injury to the brachial plexus or the long thoracic nerve during transaxillary resection of the first rib. The procedure stabilises the scapulothoracic articulation by using strips of autogenous fascia lata wrapped around the 4th, 6th and 7th ribs at least two, and preferably three, times. The mean age of the patients at the time of operation was 38 years (26 to 47) and the mean follow-up six years and four months (three years and three months to 11 years).

Thoracic outlet compression syndrome caused by a schwannoma of the C7 nerve root.

This is the first report of a schwannoma originating from the C7 nerve root causing thoracic outlet compression syndrome. The patient was a 30-year-old woman with a 3-year history of numbness on the radial side of the left hand, left arm tiredness, nocturnal pain in the left forearm and pain in the left elbow, shoulder and neck. Conservative treatment and previous operations, including carpal tunnel release and first rib resection, provided no relief.

Thoracic outlet compression syndrome.

This article is concerned with thoracic outlet compression syndrome (TOCS), one of the most controversial subjects in medicine. It may also be the most underrated, overlooked, misdiagnosed, and probably the most important and difficult to manage peripheral nerve compression in the upper extremity. Contents of the chapter include the historical aspect, anatomy, etiology and incidence, pathophysiology, symptomatology, diagnosis, conservative and surgical treatment, other conditions associated with TOCS, and results of TOCS surgical treatment.

Long-term results of denervation of the wrist joint for chronic wrist pain.

The results have been evaluated of 29 patients who had wrist denervation for chronic wrist pain between 1979 and 1987. Follow-up ranged from 22 to 86 months (mean 51 months). 17 patients had denervation without a concurrent procedure.