[Structure and dynamics of depressive disorders in patients with a new coronavirus infection].

Objective: To analyze the dynamics of depressive disorders in patients who underwent COVID-19.

Material And Methods: The study included female patients (=30) with mean age 35.4±3.

Endonasal balloon dacryoplasty in partial and complete obstruction of dacryocystorhinostomy ostium.

Unlabelled: Despite the success of dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) in the treatment of lacrimal drainage system (LDS) obliteration and the use of medical and surgical methods to prevent its recurrence, the number of relapses reaches 37%. The main etiological factor leading to this pathology is partial (stenosis) or complete obstruction of the ostium.

Purpose: To study the effectiveness of endonasal balloon dacryoplasty in partial or complete obstruction of dacryocystorhinostomy ostium.

[Formation of concrements in the lacrimal excretory system].

Studying the pathogenesis of concrements formation in lacrimal ducts is of fundamental and practical importance. This article attempts to analyze available information related to the pathogenesis of this phenomenon, provides information on the etiopathogenesis, physical and chemical properties of concrements obtained from horizontal and vertical parts of the lacrimal duct, and considers in detail bacteriological and mycotic composition of concrements, as well as various theories of their formation. The analysis helped justify the need to separate the concrements formed in the horizontal and vertical parts of the lacrimal ducts on the basis of differences in their pathogenesis.

[Conjunctival dacryocystorhinostomy in the treatment of proximal lacrimal drainage obstruction].

The problem of reconstruction of the lacrimal drainage system in cases of obliteration of both lacrimal points and/or both lacrimal canaliculi remains one of the most difficult in dacryology. The most common and effective operation for this pathology is Conjunctival dacryocystorhinostomy using tubes developed by L. Jones in 1962.

[Transcanalicular balloon dacryoplasty for the treatment of post-dacryocystorhinostomy recurrent stenoses].

Purpose: To compare the effectiveness of minimally invasive techniques used for the treatment of common canalicular (CC) ostium stenosis (or obliteration) in post-dacryocystorhinostomy (post-DCR) patients.

Material And Methods: The study included 121 patients (127 cases), of which 61 patients (64 cases) had stenosis of the CC ostium and 60 patients (63 cases) had CC ostium obliteration. All stenoses and obliterations were recurrent and developed 6 months to 5 years after primary endonasal endoscopic DCR.

[Inflammatory granuloma after intracanalicular punctal plug migration (a clinical case)].

At present, installation of punctal plugs (tear duct occluders) draws attention of ophthalmologists, but this method of treating dry eye syndrome (DES) is not without complications. Considering the rise of DES occurrence - the tendency anticipated to continue - as well as expansion of indications for installation of tear duct occluders, their usage can be expected to rise. The article describes a relatively rare clinical case that involved intracanalicular migration of silicone punctal plug.

[Influence of fibrosis mediators on the outcomes of endoscopic endonasal dacryocystorhinostomy].

Introduction: Fibrosis is the most important pathologic condition involved in undesirable outcomes of dacryocystorhinostomy. A number of biochemical factors are currently known to have an effect on wound healing by promoting excessive scarring. Isoforms of transforming growth factor β (TGF-β1) are considered the 'main' pro-fibrotic factor, but wound healing is also affected by other cytokines such as connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), which stimulates fibrosis, and fibroblast growth factor (FGF-2), which acts as antagonist to it.

[Modern methods of evaluating the morphological and functional state of the eyelids in chronic blepharitis].

The article reviews the literature on methods of evaluating the morphological and functional state of the eyelids in chronic blepharitis. Development of methods continues together with further research on the etiology and pathogenesis of the disease.

[Intraoperative prevention of dacryocystitis relapse].

The article reviews the literature devoted to modern intraoperative methods of preventing cicatricial process at the site of dacryostoma after endonasal endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy. Despite the constant improvement of the surgery technique, complications in the postoperative period still occur. They include the formation of granulation tissue at the sites of dacryostoma, synechiae in the nasal cavity, or narrowing of the dacryostoma, which ultimately leads to a relapse of the disease.

[Mitomycin C after endoscopic endonasal dacryocystorhinostomy].

Unlabelled: Mitomycin-C (MMC) is the most frequently used agent for prevention of excessive scarring at the osteotomy site after endoscopic endonasal dacryocystorhinostomy (EEDCR), which, however, being applied during the final stage of the surgery, shows questionable effectiveness.

Aim: to evaluate the effectiveness of a new administration route of mitomycin C in EEDCR.

Material And Methods: The study included 86 patients (95 cases) in the age range of 62.

[Influence of TGF-β cytokine and a number of other biochemical factors on regenerative process].

Scarring is one of the main causes of surgical failure in a number of eye diseases, dacryologic conditions in particular. The process of wound healing, including postoperative wound healing, goes through several stages mediated by various biochemical factors, such as growth factors and pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines. The balance between the latter directly influences the wound healing.

[Use of optical coherence tomography based lacrimal meniscometry in dacryology].

Unlabelled: Optical coherence tomography (OCT) based lacrimal meniscometry is currently the most accurate method used to determine dimensions of tear meniscus. According to related literature, the latter gets reliably reduced after treatment of nasolacrimal duct obstructions. However, the relationship between morphometric parameters of tear meniscus and the intensity of epiphora has not been established.

[Morphological analysis of reparative process at osteotomy site after endoscopic endonasal dacryocystorhinostomy].

Unlabelled: Ostium closure due to local reparative processes is the most common cause of recurrence after endoscopic endonasal dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR), but as yet poorly studied.

Aim: To perform morphological study of reparative processes at osteotomy site after endoscopic endonasal DCR.

Material And Methods: The study included 18 patients (18 women) aged 62.

[Treatment choice in dacryostenosis based on single-photon emission computed tomography and X-ray computed tomography findings].

Aim: To develop surgical indications in dacryostenosis within the vertical portion of lacrimal pathways that would consider findings of single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) combined with X-ray computed tomography (CT).

Material And Methods: A total of 96 patients with isolated vertical-portion dacryostenosis (127 cases) were enrolled. The examination included collecting Munk's scores for epiphora, optical coherence tomography of the lower tear meniscus, lacrimal scintigraphy, and SPECT/CT.

[Therapeutic methods of scar prevention at the site of endonasal dacryocystorhinostomy].

Success rate of endonasal dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) varies from 82% to 91%. The bulk of unsatisfactory results is due to excessive scarring at the site of the created opening (dacryostoma, DS). Mitomycin C is the most extensively studied drug of those affecting regeneration processes, however, the data on its efficacy at DS site is contradictory.

[Comparative analysis of the results of balloon dacryoplasty for stenoses at different levels of the vertical portion of lacrimal pathways].

Aim: to compare the effectiveness of balloon dacryoplasty (DCP) for stenoses at different levels of the vertical portion of lacrimal pathways and to establish the necessity of consequent intubation.

Material And Methods: A total of 120 clinical cases in 85 patients (66 females and 19 males with the mean age of 53.61 ± 11.

[Use of a new Indis computer program to analyze the results of lacrimal scintigraphy].

Objective: To study the diagnostic importance of a new Indis software package for the postprocessing of the results of radionuclude examinations (Center for Information and Diagnostic Systems, St. Petersburg, Russia) when analyzing the results of lacrimal scintigraphy.

Material And Methods: Dynamic lacrimal scintigraphy was carried out in 6 volunteers (12 eyes) and 20 patients (32 years) with dacryostenosis.

[Developing the optimal protocol for balloon dacryoplasty].

Aim: To develop the optimal protocol for balloon dacryoplasty (DCP) through an experiment.

Material And Methods: The experiment enrolled 12 Chinchilla rabbits (24 eyes). DCP protocol for group 1 (5 rabbits, 10 eyes) implied two dilations of 90 and 60 sec followed by another two of the same duration, while in group 2 (5 rabbits, 10 eyes) all four dilations were of 90 sec.

[Influence of Melaxene on brain functional state].

The study covered influence of Melaxene on human brain functional state. Complex dynamic (12-hour) neurophysiologic study revealed that single dose of Melaxene (3 mg) influences brain functional state--reliably increases cross-correlation parameters of global spatial synchronization of cortex biopotentials in various ranges of EEG rhythms. Analysis of functional asymmetry of spatial synchronization of cortex biopotentials in various brain areas proved that Melaxene acitvates important cross-correlation links in spatial synchronization of cortex biopotentials in left and right brain hemispheres, with dominated activity of left hemisphere.

[Testing results of telemechanic system controlling train operators wakefulness].

Expert and instrumental assessment covered efficiency of telemechanic system controlling train operators wakefulness in simulation of real night travel, through special simulator complex "Locomotive operator cabin". The telemechanic system controlling train operators wakefulness, if exploited correctly, provides wakefulness of the train operators at the level sufficient for the effective work. That is supported by distribution of falling asleep cases in experiments with activated or deactivated telemechanic system controlling train operators wakefulness.

[Minimally invasive surgery for dacryostenosis: modern trends].

The article presents the results of a monocentric randomized open prospective study conducted from 2008 to 2013. Lacrimal intubation with Mini-Monoka and Monoka silicone stents (mono- or bicanalicular) or with SRS and Ritleng ("FCI", France) stents for dacryostenosis of different localization was performed in 151 patients (203 eyes). The follow-up period was 12 months after the extubation.

[Single-photon emission computed tomography in combination with X-ray computed tomography in the study of lacrimal passages. First results].

Objective: To explore the capabilities of single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) in combination with x-ray computed tomography (SPECT/CT) in the study of the anatomy and drainage function of lacrimal passages.

Material And Methods: Twelve scans were carried out in 6 healthy volunteers and in patients with different lacrimal drainage disorders (dacryostenoses, varying obstructive lacrimal passage, dacryocystitis and post-dacryocystorhinostomy). Sodium pertechnetate (99mTc) solution and a radiocontrast agent were instilled into the conjunctival sac during the study.

[Five-year application experience of cytological method in dacryological practice].

The article presents the results of a long-term study on application of cytological examination in dacryology. A total of 194 patients (288 eyes) with dacryostenosis, dacryocystitis, and obliteration of lacrimal canaliculi orifices were assessed. Pathogenically oriented conservative treatment, in accordance with the results of clinical, instrumental, and cytological examination, was given to all patients with dacryostenosis.

[Prevention of ostial obstruction after microendoscopic endonasal dacryocystorhinostomy].

Ostial dilatator was created to prevent recurrence and improve efficacy of microendoscopic endonasal dacryocystorhinostomy. Proposed technique was for the first time used in 52 patients. Postoperative results were analyzed: recovery was achieved in 78% of cases, improvement - in 22%.

[Quality of life of patients with gallstone disease and gallbladder cholesterosis in the conservative and surgical treatment].

Objective: to investigate the quality of life of patients with gallstone disease and gall bladder cholesterosis on a background of conservative therapy and after surgery.

Materials And Methods: the study involved 60 patients with GSD and GBC treated conservatively, 75 patients with GSD and GBC treated surgically, the control group - 35 men aged of 20,6 +/- 1,2. A survey using questionnaires GIC, SF-36, ultrasound, radiography, CT of the abdomen, cholecystography, examined the range of blood lipids.