Lactic acidosis due to metformin in type 2 diabetes mellitus and chronic kidney disease stage 3-5: is it significant?

Purpose: To study the incidence of lactic acidosis due to metformin in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) stage 3-5.

Methods: We estimated plasma lactate in patients of CKD stage 3 and worse who were continuing metformin on their own prior to stopping the drug.

Result: Of 40 patients included, median duration of T2DM was 60 months (interquartile range IQR 24-120).

Impact of body mass index on progression of primary immunoglobulin a nephropathy.

The role of obesity in the progression of primary glomerular diseases is controversial. A few studies report overweight/obesity as a risk factor for disease progression in immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN), and the real impact of it still remains unclear. The aim of this study was to elucidate the effect of body mass index (BMI) on disease progression and proteinuria in patients with IgAN in Indian population.

Immune mediated crescentic MPGN secondary to HBV infection: A rare presentation for a common infection.

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection presenting as crescentic glomerulonephritis in the absence of cryoglobulinemia is an extremely rare phenomenon. We report a case of a 44-year-old male with HBV infection, who underwent kidney biopsy for rapidly progressive renal failure and nephrotic range proteinuria. Histopathological evaluation of the kidney biopsy was consistent with immune complex mediated crescentic membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN).

Dancing eyes and dancing feet in scrub typhus.

A 26-year-old male, presented to us with complaints of fever for five days and breathlessness for one day. During the hospital stay, he developed myoclonic jerks in all four limbs, head titubation, and saccadomania. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain ruled out structural lesions and cerebro spinal fluid (CSF) analysis ruled out meningo-encephalitis.

Pharmacoeconomic evaluation of hospitalised pre-dialysis and dialysis patients: A comparative study.

Background: The progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) can be attributed to various factors, including lack of medical services, delayed referral, lack of awareness about the disease, drugs, and financial support.

Aims: To compare the pharmacoeconomic-related direct medical and non-medical costs among hospitalised pre-dialysis and dialysis patients.

Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted on the inpatients admitted to the Department of Nephrology.