In Vitro Activity of Ampicillin Plus Ceftriaxone Against Non- and Non- Enterococcal Isolates With/Without VanC Phenotype: Clinical Implications for Infective Endocarditis.

(1) Background: Alternative antibiotics are needed to treat infective endocarditis (IE) caused by non-/non- enterococci; we aimed to assess the in vitro activity of ampicillin plus ceftriaxone (AMP + CTR) against these enterococci and to describe its clinical efficacy in IE cases. (2) Methods: Time-kill curves with standard (ISI) and high (IHI) inocula were performed to test isolates [3 (ECAS) and 1 (EGALL)] and non- isolates [1 (EDUR), 1 (EHIR) and 1 (ERAF)]. The narrative literature review of IE cases treated with AMP + CTR was analyzed alongside three study cases.

COVID-19 clinical phenotypes in vaccinated and nonvaccinated solid organ transplant recipients: a multicenter validation study.

Clinical phenotypes of COVID-19, associated with mortality risk, have been identified in the general population. The present study assesses their applicability in solid organ transplant recipients (SOTR) hospital-admitted by COVID-19. In a cohort of 488 SOTR, nonvaccinated (n = 394) and vaccinated (n = 94) against SARS-CoV-2, we evaluated 16 demographic, clinical, analytical, and radiological variables to identify the clinical phenotypes A, B, and C.

Epidemiological Changes and Improvement in Outcomes of Infective Endocarditis in Europe in the Twenty-First Century: An International Collaboration on Endocarditis (ICE) Prospective Cohort Study (2000-2012).

Introduction: Infective endocarditis (IE) has undergone important changes in its epidemiology worldwide.

Methods: The study aimed to compare IE epidemiological features and outcomes according to predefined European regions and between two different time periods in the twenty-first century.

Results: IE cases from 13 European countries were included.

Emerging issues on endocarditis and the role in therapy of daptomycin plus fosfomycin.

Introduction: Methicillin-resistant and -susceptible (MRSA/MSSA) infections are a major global health-care problem. Bacteremia with exhibits high rates of morbidity and mortality and can cause complicated infections such as infective endocarditis (IE). The emerging resistance profile of is worrisome, and several international agencies have appealed for new treatment approaches to be developed.

Drug-drug interactions of ritonavir-boosted SARS-CoV-2 protease inhibitors in solid organ transplant recipients: experience from the initial use of lopinavir-ritonavir.

Objectives: To review the drug-drug interactions between tacrolimus and lopinavir/ritonavir in 23 patients who received solid organ transplant during the first wave of COVID-19 and to determine the efficacy as well as safety of prednisone monotherapy.

Methods: Observational study performed between March and June 2020 in solid organ transplant recipients admitted with an established diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection who received lopinavir/ritonavir (≥2 doses). Once lopinavir/ritonavir therapy was initiated, calcineurin inhibitor treatment was temporarily switched to prednisone monotherapy (15-20 mg/d) to avoid drug-drug interactions and toxicity.

Forty-Year Trends in Cardiac Implantable Electronic Device Infective Endocarditis.

Background: Studies investigating cardiac implantable electronic device infective endocarditis (CIED-IE) epidemiological changes and prognosis over long periods of time are lacking.

Methods: Retrospective single cardiovascular surgery center cohort study of definite CIED-IE episodes between 1981-2020. A comparative analysis of two periods (1981-2000 vs 2001-2020) was conducted to analyze changes in epidemiology and outcome over time.

Isavuconazole for the Treatment of Invasive Mold Disease in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients: A Multicenter Study on Efficacy and Safety in Real-life Clinical Practice.

Background: Isavuconazole has theoretical advantages over other mold-active triazoles for the treatment of invasive aspergillosis and mucormycosis after solid organ transplantation (SOT). The available clinical experience, nevertheless, is scarce.

Methods: We performed a retrospective study including all adult SOT recipients with proven or probable invasive mold disease (IMD) that received isavuconazole for ≥24 h as first-line or salvage therapy at 10 Spanish centers between September 2017 and November 2021.

Humoral and Cellular Immune Responses After a 3-dose Course of mRNA-1273 COVID-19 Vaccine in Kidney Transplant Recipients: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Unlabelled: In kidney transplant recipients, there is discordance between the development of cellular and humoral response after vaccination against SARS-CoV-2. We sought to determine the interplay between the 2 arms of adaptive immunity in a 3-dose course of mRNA-1273 100 μg vaccine.

Methods: Humoral (IgG/IgM) and cellular (N- and S-ELISpot) responses were studied in 117 kidney and 12 kidney-pancreas transplant recipients at the following time points: before the first dose, 14 d after the second dose' and before and after the third dose, with a median of 203 and 232 d after the start of the vaccination cycle, respectively.

Optimal Timing for Cardiac Surgery in Infective Endocarditis with Neurological Complications: A Narrative Review.

In patients with infective endocarditis and neurological complications, the optimal timing for cardiac surgery is unclear due to the varied risk of clinical deterioration when early surgery is performed. The aim of this review is to summarize the best evidence on the optimal timing for cardiac surgery in the presence of each type of neurological complication. An English literature search was carried out from June 2018 through July 2022.

Genotypic and Phenotypic Study of Antiviral Resistance Mutations in Refractory Cytomegalovirus Infection.

Background: This study describes the genotypic and phenotypic characterization of novel human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) genetic variants of a cohort of 94 clinically resistant HCMV patients.

Methods And Results: Antiviral-resistant mutations were detected in the UL97, UL54, and UL56 target genes of 25 of 94 (26.6%) patients.

Clinical characteristics and outcome of infective endocarditis due to Abiotrophia and Granulicatella compared to Viridans group streptococci.

Objective: To describe the clinical characteristics and outcome of Abiotrophia and Granulicatella infective endocarditis and compare them with Viridans group streptococci infective endocarditis.

Methods: All patients in the International Collaboration on Endocarditis (ICE) - prospective cohort study (PCS) and the ICE-PLUS cohort were included (n = 8112). Data from patients with definitive or possible IE due to Abiotrophia species, Granulicatella species and Viridans group streptococci was analyzed.

Relationship among Subsp. , and Colorectal Neoplasms in Recurrent Endocarditis: A Historical Case Series.

Objectives: The role of colorectal neoplasms (CRN) as a common potential source of recurrent subsp. (SGG) and (EF) endocarditis remains unstudied. We aimed to investigate what proportion of episodes of recurrent endocarditis are caused by a succession of SGG and EF, or vice versa, and to assess the role of a colonic source in such recurrent episodes.

Primary herpes simplex virus type 1 infection with acute liver failure in solid organ transplantation: Report of three cases and review.

Herpes virus infections is not uncommon in solid organ transplantation patients. We report 3 cases with primary Herpes simplex virus type-1 (HSV1) infection with acute liver failure (ALF). This is a rare and potentially fatal entity that could be a donor-derived infection.

Assessment of UL56 Mutations before Letermovir Therapy in Refractory Cytomegalovirus Transplant Recipients.

mutations in the terminase subunit and its associated phenotypes were studied in the context of cytomegalovirus (CMV) transplant recipients clinically resistant to DNA-polymerase inhibitors, naive to letermovir. R246C was the only variant detected by standard and deep sequencing, located within the letermovir-resistance-associated region (residues 230-370). R246C emerged in 2/80 transplant recipients (1 hematopoietic and 1 heart) since first cytomegalovirus replication and responded transiently to various alternative antiviral treatments .

BK Virus and Cytomegalovirus Coinfections in Kidney Transplantation and Their Impact on Allograft Loss.

We aimed to ascertain the interaction and effects of combined reactivations of BK virus and cytomegalovirus on kidney graft function. All consecutive kidney transplant recipients (KTR) between 2003 and 2016 were included. Of 1976 patients who received a kidney transplant, 23 (1.

Cellular and humoral immune response after mRNA-1273 SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in liver and heart transplant recipients.

Recently published studies have found an impaired immune response after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in solid organ recipients. However, most of these studies have not assessed immune cellular responses in liver and heart transplant recipients. We prospectively studied heart and liver transplant recipients eligible for SARS-CoV-2 vaccination.

Development of High-Level Daptomycin Resistance in and Species Isolates from Patients with Infective Endocarditis.

and species are fastidious organisms, representing the causative agents of ∼1% to 3% of cases of infective endocarditis (IE). Little is known about the optimal antibiotic treatment for these species, and daptomycin has been suggested as a therapeutic option. We describe the antimicrobial profiles of and IE isolates, investigate high-level daptomycin resistance (HLDR) development, and evaluate daptomycin activity in combination therapy.