An adult case of large defect of small mesenteric hiatal hernia causing small bowel obstruction.

Background: Small mesenteric hiatal hernias (SMHHs) are defined as a small group of internal hernias (IHs) that frequently diagnosed in children. However, SMHHs are relatively rare in adults. Bowel loop herniation via an abnormal mesenteric defect can lead to strangulated intestinal obstruction.

Assessment of Surrogate End Point Trends in Clinical Trials to Approve Oncology Drugs From 2001 to 2020 in Japan.

Importance: A surrogate end point (SEP) is an end point used in clinical trials as an alternative for measuring the true clinical benefit. The use of SEPs in trials shortens their duration.

Objectives: To investigate the use of SEPs in clinical trials to support the approval of anticancer drugs and to determine whether confirmatory studies that use overall survival (OS) as an end point are being conducted in Japan.

Invasive breast cancer with complete infarct necrosis: Presentation of case.

Introduction And Importance: Infarction occurs occasionally in benign mammary tumors but is extremely rare in breast cancer, with few cases having been reported.

Presentation Of Case: A 53-year-old woman presented to our hospital with a mass and pain in the upper lateral region of the right breast. She underwent a needle biopsy and was histologically diagnosed as having invasive carcinoma.

Two cases of interparietal inguinal hernias undergoing laparoscopic treatment: a case series.

Interparietal inguinal hernia, an exceedingly rare type of inguinal hernia in which the hernia sac anatomically lies between the tissue layers of the abdominal wall, is difficult to diagnose from physical findings. Given the few reports on interparietal inguinal hernias, this condition has remained fairly unrecognized. Herein, we report the successful imaging and laparoscopic diagnoses as well as repair of an interparietal inguinal hernia.

Contralateral axillary lymph node metastasis in primary breast cancer: A case report.

Introduction: Contralateral axillary lymph node metastasis (CAM) is rare, especially in primary breast cancer.

Presentation Of Case: A 71-year-old woman visited our hospital after noticing a mass in her right breast. A mass of 5 cm in diameter with skin infiltration was palpable on the medial side of the right breast.

Unresectable esophageal cancer treated with multiple chemotherapies in combination with chemoradiotherapy: A case report.

Background: Definitive chemoradiotherapy (dCRT) using cisplatin plus 5fluorouracil (CF) with radiation is considered the standard treatment for unresectable locally advanced T4 esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Recently, induction chemotherapy has received attention as an effective treatment strategy.

Case Summary: We report a successful case of a 59-year-old female with unresectable locally advanced T4 ESCC treated by two additional courses of chemotherapy with CF after induction chemotherapy with docetaxel, cisplatin and fluorouracil (DCF) followed by dCRT.

Bilateral nipple-sparing mastectomy and breast reconstruction in BRCA1 mutation-positive simultaneous bilateral breast cancer: A case study.

Background: Mutation-positive patients who develop unilateral breast cancer require different treatments, such as prophylactic mastectomy of the contralateral breast, from those used for other breast cancer patients. If a mutation is found before surgery, it is necessary to consider a surgical procedure that includes reconstruction. For BRCA mutation-positive patients, a suitable treatment must be selected.

Indirect inguinal hernia containing portosystemic shunt vessel: A case report.

Background: Inguinal hernia repair is one of the most common general surgical operations worldwide. We present a case of indirect inguinal hernia containing an expanded portosystemic shunt vessel.

Case Summary: We report a 72-year-old man who had a 4 cm × 4 cm swelling in the right inguinal region, which disappeared with light manual pressure.

Primary lymphoma of the breast: A case report and review of the literature.

Primary lymphoma of the breast is a rare disease, accounting for about 0.5% of all primary breast tumors. Often found as a solitary indolent mass, it is difficult to distinguish from breast cancer on imaging and is often diagnosed for the first time based on histological findings.

Local recurrence of breast cancer caused by core needle biopsy: Case report and review of the literature.

Introduction: Needle tract seeding is the implantation of tumor cells at the site of needle passage during needle biopsy. Histopathological examination of resected specimens after biopsy shows an incidence of 22%-50%. However, reports of actual local recurrence are extremely rare.

Expression levels of , , and in cumulus cells can predict developmental competence of bovine oocytes.

The efficiency of in vitro embryo production technologies would be improved by the development of suitable non-invasive biomarkers that allow the selection of good quality cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs). The present study used whole, single oocyte culture to investigate whether the expression levels of follicle-stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR), insulin-like factor 1 receptor (IGF1R) and three steroidogenesis-related enzymes (CYP11al, CYP19al and HSD3β) in cumulus cells reflected the developmental competence of COCs. Cumulus cells were collected from single COCs before maturation culture and relative mRNA levels were assessed using real-time PCR.

Benign phyllodes tumor with hemorrhagic cyst in a 14-year-old girl: A case report.

Introduction: The incidence of mammary phyllodes tumor is less than 0.3-0.5% of all breast tumors.

A case of encapsulated papillary carcinoma of the breast treated with emergency surgery due to sudden hemorrhage.

Introduction: Emergency surgery is rare in management of breast cancer. We report a case of encapsulated papillary carcinoma (EPC) of the breast where emergency surgery was performed because of unsuccessful control of hemorrhage.

Presentation Of Case: A 62-year-old woman visited our hospital complaining of sudden bleeding from the right breast.

Bladder metastasis from primary breast cancer: a case report.

Background: Breast cancer frequently metastasizes to the bone, lung, and liver. However, metastasis to the bladder is uncommon. Bladder metastasis due to direct infiltration from peripheral organs, such as the colon and rectum, prostate, and cervix, occurs more frequently than metastasis from distant organs, such as the breast.

Duodenal infusion of fatty acids differentially affects plasma glucagon-like peptide-1 and ghrelin concentrations in sheep.

The aim of this study was to investigate how intraduodenal infusions of fatty acids (FA) affect appetite-related gut peptides such as glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and ghrelin in sheep. We hypothesized that these peptides can be highly reactive to unsaturated long-chain FA, because they are well known to decrease dry matter intake (DMI). Four ewes were fitted with a duodenal cannula and a jugular vein catheter for a 6-h duodenal infusion of the 9 FA (C8:0, C10:0, C12:0, C14:0, C16:0, C18:0, C18:1, C18:2, and C18:3) and water (control).

Histochemical properties of bovine and ovine mammary glands during fetal development.

In order to obtain more information on the development of bovine and ovine fetal mammary glands, a series of mammary glands from fetuses of different ages were analyzed. A total of 16 bovine fetuses with curved crown rump lengths ranging from 12 cm (80 days) to 75 cm (240 days) and 15 ovine fetuses ranging from 55 days to 131 days were examined. We used hematoxylin and eosin stain and Oil-Red-O stain to analyze the developmental and morphogenetic processes of mammary glands.

Effects of insulin-like growth factor-1 on the in vitro maturation of canine oocytes.

The maturation rate of canine oocytes during in vitro maturation (IVM) needs to be improved. The present study was designed to evaluate the effects of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) on the IVM of canine oocytes. Ovaries were obtained by ovariohysterectomy and were sliced to release cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs).

Glutathione supplementation to semen extender improves the quality of frozen-thawed canine spermatozoa for transcervical insemination.

The present study was conducted to evaluate whether supplementation of semen extender with glutathione (GSH) can maintain the quality of frozen-thawed canine spermatozoa. Eighteen ejaculates were obtained from 5 dogs and placed in extender (20% egg yolk, Tris, citric acid, lactose, raffinose, antibiotics and 6.5% glycerol) containing 0 (control), 2.