Ethnobotany and diversity of spp. (Rutaceae) as a source of "Kem-kem" traditional medicine used among the Karo sub-ethnic in North Sumatra, Indonesia.

The Karo sub-ethnic is one of five Batak sub-ethnicities in the Karo Regency, North Sumatra Province, Indonesia. They are famous for their local knowledge about the traditional use of medicinal plants to treat various diseases. The "Kem-kem" traditional medicine is one of the traditional healing practices that involve using plants passed down through generations from their ancestors.

Distribution of maternal risk factors for orofacial cleft in infants in Indonesia: a multicenter prospective study.

Background: The pathogenesis of orofacial cleft (OFC) is multifactorial, involving both genetic and non-genetic factors, the latter of which play a key role in the development of these anomalies. This paper addresses the incidence of OFC in Indonesia, with a focus on identifying and examining the distribution of contributory factors, including parental medical history, pregnancy history, and environmental influences.

Methods: The study was conducted through the collection of primary data.

Comprehensive approaches for assessing extinction risk of endangered tropical pitcher plant Nepenthes talangensis.

It has been 23 years since the conservation status of highland tropical pitcher plant Nepenthes talangensis was assessed in 2000. A number of existing threats (anthropogenic and environmental) may be increasing the risk of extinction for the species. A better understanding of the ecology and conservation needs of the species is required to manage the wild populations.

Assessing long-term rainfall trends and changes in a tropical watershed Brantas, Indonesia: an approach for quantifying the agreement among satellite-based rainfall data, ground rainfall data, and small-scale farmers questionnaires.

The agreement between meteorological data and societal perception is essential in supporting a robust policy making and its implementation. In humid tropic watersheds like Brantas, such consensus is important for water resources management and policies. This study exemplifies an effort to understand the long-term rainfall characteristics within the watershed and to build a common link among the differing data sources: CHIRPS rainfall satellite data, rain gauge data, and farmers perceptions.

miRNA-21 as High Potential Prostate Cancer Biomarker in Prostate Cancer Patients in Indonesia.

Objective: This study aimed to explore the diagnostic performance of miRNA-21 to differentiate between Prostate Cancer (PCa) and Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) patients in Indonesia.

Methods: Urine samples were collected from each PCa and BPH patient. miRNA-21 relative expression against the reference gene was analyzed and compared between the two.

Corrigendum to "The potential of miRNA-based therapeutics in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection: A review" [J. Pharma. Anal. 11 (2021) 265-271].

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.

Circulation microRNA expression profiles in patients with complete responses to chemoradiotherapy in nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Background: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is endemic cancer in Southeast Asia with a relatively poor prognosis. Chemoradiotherapy is a primary treatment that advantages certain patients, particularly in the early stages. New predictive and prognostic biomarkers are required to guide and select the best treatment.

Assessment of the dynamics of urban surface temperatures and air pollution related to COVID-19 in a densely populated City environment in East Java.

The COVID-19 pandemic that has hit the whole world has caused losses in various aspects. Several countries have implemented lockdowns to curb the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus that caused death. However, for developing countries such as Indonesia, it is not suitable for lockdown because it considers the economic recession.

Designing multi-epitope based peptide vaccine candidates against SARS-CoV-2 using immunoinformatics approach.

The current incidence of the novel coronavirus disease has shown only small reductions of cases and has become a major public health challenge. Development of effective vaccines against the virus is still being encouraged such as multi-epitope vaccines designed from the components of SARS-CoV-2 including its spike, nucleocapsid and ORF1a proteins. Since the addition of adjuvants including HABA protein and L7/L12 ribosomal are considered helpful to increase the effectiveness of the designed vaccine, we proposed to design multiepitope vaccines by two different adjuvants.

Human Papillomavirus Type 16 L2 Gene Sequence Variation Analysis in Indonesian Cervical Cancer Specimens.

Background: Human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV16) is the most prevalent etiology of cervical cancer in Indonesian women. The L2 minor capsid protein has considerable potential as a broad-protective antigen target of the cervical cancer vaccine strategies, yet the data on L2 gene variation is still minimal. In this research, we determined the variations of the HPV16 L2 gene sequences in Indonesian cervical cancer specimens.

Potential plasma biomarkers: miRNA-29c, miRNA-21, and miRNA-155 in clinical progression of Hepatocellular Carcinoma patients.

This study evaluated differences in the clinical appearance of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) based on plasma level and regulation of microRNAs (miRNA-29c, miRNA-21, and miRNA-155). The observational-analytical study with a cross-sectional design was conducted on 36 HCC patients and 36 healthy controls. The blood samples were collected from 2 Province Hospitals (Dr.

The potential of miRNA-based therapeutics in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection: A review.

Since the World Health Organization (WHO) declared COVID-19, the disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), as a pandemic in March 2020, and more than 117 million people worldwide have been confirmed to have been infected. Scientists, medical professionals, and other stakeholders are racing against time to find and develop effective medicines for COVID-19. However, no drug with high efficacy to treat SARS-CoV-2 infection has been approved.

The Potential of hsa-mir-106b-5p as Liquid Biomarker in Prostate Cancer Patients in Indonesia.

Purpose: This study aims to explore the potential of hsa-mir-106b-5p as a new liquid biomarker for prostate cancer sufferers in Indonesia.

Methods: Analysis of hsa-mir-106b-5p expression of two tissue samples from BPH patients and two PCa patients used NanoString nCounter Expression Assay then validated by qRT-PCR using 10 patient urine samples for prostate cancer and BPH. Furthermore, analysis of the role of hsa-mir-106b-5p in prostate cancer was carried out bioinformatically.

Chemotherapy Negates the Effect of SDF1 mRNA to Distant Metastasis and Poor Overall Survival in Breast Cancer Patients.

Objective: Investigate the effect of SDF1a, nuclear, and cytoplasmic CXCR4 breast cancer tissue on metastasis and overall survival in patients with complete-chemotherapy and no-chemotherapy.

Methods: Cohort ambidirectional design was employed with survival analysis that followed the patient's diagnosis until obtaining the outcome, distant metastasis, or death. We analyzed samples in three groups (all-patient, no-chemotherapy, and complete-chemotherapy groups).

Cytokines as Prognostic Biomarkers of Epithelial Ovarian Cancer (EOC): A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Objectives: The value of cytokines as epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) prognostic factors has been widely investigated. This study aimed to determine the role of single cytokine as a biomarker prognosis in EOC.

Materials And Methods: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies reporting cytokine as the prognostic predictor in EOC based on PRISMA guideline.

MicroRNA-155-5p Diminishes in Vitro Ovarian Cancer Cell Viability by Targeting HIF1α Expression.

Ovarian cancer is the most lethal of gynecological malignancies. Recently, the development of microRNA (miRNA) -based therapeutics that could impact broad cellular programs, leading to inhibition of cancer cell viability, is gaining attention in the therapeutic landscape. The therapy is based on the presence of aberrant expressions of miRNA in cancer cells.

Circulation EBV Mir-Bart-7 Relating to Clinical Manifestation in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma.

Objective: Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma (NPC) is an endemic head and neck malignancy in Asia Pacific regions that is associated with chronic infection by Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). EBV miR-BART-7 is a microRNA (miRNA) encoded by EBV that regulates malignant behavior of NPC. However, the role and function of miR-BART7 are not clear, particularly the relation of circulating levels and patient's clinical presentation.

Transcriptome Profile of Next Generation Sequence Data Related to Inflammation on Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Cases in Indonesia.

Objective: Transcriptomic Profile Analysis Related to Inflammation in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Cases.

Methods: This study used 2 control samples taken using the brushing technique and 7 cancer samples with tissue biopsy. Isolate total RNA using Rneasy® RNA Extraction Mini Kit.

The Effects of Combination of Mimic miR-155-5p and Antagonist miR-324-5p Encapsulated Chitosan in Ovarian Cancer SKOV3.

Objective: Ovarian cancer is a malignant tumor that attacks reproductive organs of women. MicroRNA is known to have an involvement in the prognosis of ovarian cancer. One of them is miR-155-5p which is down regulated and miR-324-5p which is up regulated.

Transcriptome Related to Avoiding Immune Destruction in Nasopharyngeal Cancer in Indonesian Patients Using Next-Generation Sequencing.

Objective: This study aims to obtain the transcriptomes profile associated with avoiding immune destruction from nasopharyngeal cancer patients in Indonesia using next-generation sequencing.

Methods: The samples are divided into two types of samples; 1) biopsy of nasopharyngeal cancer tissue samples, 2) brushing tissue of people without nasopharyngeal cancer as control samples. The sequencing results were mapped (HISAT2) and quantified (HTSeq) for differential expression analysis using edgeR software.

Transcriptome Profile of Next-Generation Sequencing Data Relate to Proliferation Aberration of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Patients in Indonesia.

Objective: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is the most common cancer arising from epithelial cells of the nasopharynx in  Indonesia. This study aims to determine the differential level of gene expression in NPC patients when compared with normal individuals. Transcriptome profiling analysis was performed using RNA-Seq technology to determine the differential gene expression relate to proliferation aberration that occurs in NPC patients compared with normal individuals.

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2): An overview of viral structure and host response.

Background And Aim: As a result of its rapid spread in various countries around the world, on March 11, 2020, WHO issued an announcement of the change in coronavirus disease 2019 status from epidemic to pandemic disease. The virus that causes this disease is indicated originating from animals traded in a live animal market in Wuhan, China. Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 can attack lung cells because there are many conserved receptor entries, namely Angiotensin Converting Enzyme-2.

Dynamic Changes of Circulating Mir-155 Expression and the Potential Application as a Non-Invasive Biomarker in Breast Cancer.

Background: Breast cancer incidence rates have been continuously increasing in majority nations with significant higher portion of cancer-related mortality in low- and middle-income countries. Developing new biomarker is an emerging field in the breast cancer research. Application of a promising minimally invasive biomarker, circulating microRNA, for additional improvement of diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutic monitoring in breast cancer is not well corroborated.