[The clinical and hemostasiological features of chronic hepatitides of different genesis].

Aim: To comparatively characterize clinical, biochemical, and hemostasiological parameters in patients with chronic alcoholic hepatitis (CAH) and chronic mixed hepatitis (CMH), i.e. CAH + chronic hepatitis C.

[Implication of functional platelet activity in pathogenesis of Q-fever].

Aim: To ascertain the role of platelets in pathogenesis of clinical symptoms in patients with Q-fever.

Material And Methods: We studied hemostasis with estimation of functional platelet activity in 49 patients with Q-fever.

Results: Hemorrhagic syndrome (HS) occurred in 34.

[Hemostatic disorders and their implication in the pathogenesis of Astrakhan rickettsial fever].

Aim: to define a role of hemostatic disorders in the pathogenesis of Astrakhan rickettsial fever (ARL).

Subjects And Methods: Platelet functional activity and plasma hemostatic parameters were studied in 89 patients of moderate ARL.

Results: The clinical manifestations of hemostatic disorders at the height of ARL were characterized by the appearance of typhoid maculopapular rashes in 91.

Natural polysaccharide carrageenan inhibits toxic effect of gram-negative bacterial endotoxins.

The protective effect of polysaccharide carrageenan on the damaging effect of endotoxins of gram-negative bacteria was studied in vivo and in vitro. Carrageenan increased mouse resistance to the toxic effect of LPS. The degree of protection depended on polysaccharide concentration and administration time and route.

[Comparative efficacy of various methods of laser therapy in patients with acute viral hepatitis B].

Aim: To study response to laser therapy in different modes and effects on hemocoagulation in patients with acute viral hepatitis B (AVHB).

Material And Methods: Of 173 patients with AVHB, 87 received only basic therapy, 28 patients received placebo (no laser radiation, only signal of the timer) and 58 patients were exposed to laser radiation (32 of them intravenously and 26 supravenously). A course consisted of 10-12 sessions, laser radiation per 1 procedure 300 and 30 mJ, respectively.

[Autoantibodies to the thrombocytes and erythrocytes in HIV-infected patients].

In 48 patients with HIV infection were tested for the presence of autologous and allogenic antibodies to red blood cells with the use of Coombs' direct and indirect tests. 18 HIV-infected patients had IgG antibodies to thrombocytes, circulating in the blood (detected by the method of EIA) and bound to thrombocytes (detected by the method of RIA). In 5 out of 48 patients Coombs' direct test yielded positive results with red blood cells.

[The effect of immunoglobulin on hemostatic function in patients with HIV infection].

The influence of immunoglobulin for intravenous injection on the state of cell- and plasma-mediated elements of hemostasis in patients with HIV infection, treated with immunoglobulin (Ig) in connection with the presence of secondary diseases of bacterial nature and having thrombocytopenia, was analyzed. After two injections of 50.0 ml of Ig to patients with HIV infection and thrombocytopenia a rise in the count of blood platelets in 80% of cases; this rise reached its maximum on day 7-10 after the beginning of treatment and was retained 1-3 months later in most patients on the level of healthy persons.

[The thrombocytic link in hemostasis and the immunity system of patients with HIV infection].

To find out possible relationships between disturbances in the thrombocytic element of hemostasis and in the immune system (the count of lymphocytes CD4, the concentration of IgG, the content of circulating immune complexes), 18 adult patients with HIV infection were examined, and in 8 of them thrombocytopenia was diagnosed. 10 patients without thrombocytopenia formed the control group. The study revealed that with the development of thrombocytopenia in patients with HIV infection the aggregation capacity of their blood platelets decreased, which correlated (p < 0.

[Disorders in the plasma and cellular hemostatic components of patients with HIV infection].

Plasmic and platelet components of hemostasis were investigated in 100 HIV-infected subjects. Its degree depended on the infection stage and associated opportunistic infections. The key factor in pathogenesis of hemocoagulatory disorders is reduced count, abnormal function and morphology of platelets.

Role of interleukin-2 and mononuclear cells in platelet-tumor interactions.

Interleukin-2 (IL-2) has been reported to induce mononuclear cell-dependent platelet perturbations and to reduce the incidence of metastases in rodent models. In this study, MC-1 leukemic cell-induced platelet aggregation was associated with a significant increase in thromboxane B2 (TXB2) secretion, quantified by RIA, but a decrease in leukotriene B4 (LTB-4) secretion compared to incubations of tumor cells alone. Whereas MC-1 cells also activated platelets as observed by a significant increase in scanning electron-microscopic spheroidal forms distributed throughout the platelet pool, increasing concentrations of IL-2-activated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), but not IL-2 or PBMC alone, reversed this effect with a reduction in activated spheroidal forms.

[Hemostatic disorders in patients with HIV infection].

Impaired hemostasis was studied in 50 adult patients with HIV infection. The blood coagulative potential, the number and functional activity of platelets were examined. Platelet aggregation and secretion were shown to change earlier than thrombocytopenia developed and clinical signs of HIV infection appeared.

[The role of thrombocytes in blood coagulation disorders in infectious pathology].

Platelets play the leading role in circulatory disorders seen in patients with infectious diseases. Endotoxinemia leads to platelet activation which shows up by the transformation of platelet forms from disk-shaped to spheroidal and by changes in aggregation and secretion. The degree of those changes correlates with the disease gravity.

[The thrombocyte-activation factor and endotoxin-induced thrombocyte activation].

The effect of PAF in aggregation of platelets induced by endotoxin was studied in experiments in vitro. It is indicated that in high concentration (1.10(-7)-1.

[Effect of bacterial toxins on microcirculation (experimental research)].

Histological and biomicroscopic methods were used to study the effects of toxic lemic and meningococcal microbial fractions on mesenteric blood microcirculation in rats. Aggregation ability of red blood cells and thrombocytes was investigated. The sublethal dose of meningococcal toxins was shown to induce marked impairment in the blood microcirculation 30 minutes after intravenous administration.

[Action of toxic staphylococcal (St. aureus) substances on the functional properties of the thrombocytes].

The effect of toxic substances from St. aureus on morphofunctional properties of platelets has been studied in vitro. The toxic substances have been shown to induce platelet aggregation and stimulate their secretion.

[Various characteristics of the thrombohemorrhagic syndrome in a generalized form of meningococcal infection complicated by toxic-infectious shock].

Blood coagulation was studied in 19 patients with generalized meningococcal infection complicated by toxico-infectious shock (TIS). The outcomes were fatal in 42% of cases. Blood coagulation studies were done on days 1, 2, 3, 5-7 and 19-21 of treatment.

[Study of platelet function by quantitative determination of the fluorescence intensity of 5HT-organelles].

Assay of the fluorescence intensity of 5HT-organelles was performed to examine the functional properties of platelets from patients with meningococcal infection. Platelets were found to have a higher capacity for endocytosis at the height of the disease, tending to its normalization with treatment and convalescence. Incubation of donor's plasma rich in platelets with meningococcal lipopolysaccharide was discovered to lead to an appreciable increase in the absorption capacity of platelets.