Influenza-related hospitalization and ED visits in children less than 5 years: 2000-2011.

Background And Objectives: In the United States, recommendations for annual influenza vaccination gradually expanded from 2004 to 2008, to include all children aged ≥6 months. The effects of these policies on vaccine uptake and influenza-associated health care encounters are unclear. The objectives of the study were to examine the annual incidence of influenza-related health care encounters and vaccine uptake among children age 6 to 59 months from 2000-2001 through 2010-2011 in Davidson County, TN.

First trimester exposure to antiretroviral therapy and risk of birth defects.

Background: Use of antiretroviral (ARV) drugs during pregnancy has been associated with an increased risk of birth defects, but the evidence remains inconclusive.

Methods: We identified infants born to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected mothers between 1994 and 2009 using Tennessee Medicaid data linked to vital records. Maternal HIV status was based on diagnosis codes, prescriptions for ARVs and HIV-related laboratory testing.

Effectiveness of hormonal and surgical therapies for cryptorchidism: a systematic review.

Background And Objective: Controversy remains concerning the optimal treatment approach for cryptorchidism. The objective of this study was to assess effectiveness of hormone therapy or surgery for cryptorchidism.

Methods: We searched Medline and other databases from 1980 to February 2012.

Emergency department visits for influenza A(H1N1)pdm09, Davidson County, Tennessee, USA.

To determine the number of emergency department visits attributable to influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 in Davidson County, Tennessee, USA, we used active, population-based surveillance and laboratory-confirmed influenza data. We estimated ≈10 visits per 1,000 residents during the pandemic period. This estimate should help emergency departments prepare for future pandemics.

Estimating age-specific influenza-related hospitalization rates during the pandemic (H1N1) 2009 in Davidson Co, TN.

Background: In April 2009, a pandemic caused by a novel influenza strain, the A(H1N1)pdm09 virus, started. Few age-specific estimates of hospitalizations associated with the first year of circulation of the pandemic virus are available.

Objectives: To estimate age-specific hospitalization rates associated with laboratory-confirmed A(H1N1)pdm09 virus in Davidson County, TN, from May 2009 to March 2010.