Subtyping of Clostridium difficile PCR ribotypes 591, 106 and 002, the dominant strain types circulating in Medellin, Colombia.

We aimed to achieve a higher typing resolution within the three dominant Clostridium difficile ribotypes (591,106 and 002) circulating in Colombia. A total of 50 C. difficile isolates we had previously typed by PCR-ribotyping, representing the major three ribotypes circulating in Colombia, were analyzed.

High excess costs of infections caused by carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacilli in an endemic region.

The financial burden of antibiotic resistance is a serious concern worldwide. The aim of this study was to describe the excess costs associated with pneumonia, bacteraemia, surgical site infections and intra-abdominal infections (IAIs) caused by carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacilli in Medellín, Colombia, an endemic region for carbapenem resistance. A cohort study was conducted in a third-level hospital from 2014-2015.