Exploring the inhibitory potential of the antiarrhythmic drug amiodarone against toxins TcdA and TcdB.

The intestinal pathogen is the leading cause of antibiotic-associated diarrhea and pseudomembranous colitis in humans. The symptoms of -associated diseases (CDADs) are directly associated with the pathogen's toxins TcdA and TcdB, which enter host cells and inactivate Rho and/or Ras GTPases by glucosylation. Membrane cholesterol is crucial during the intoxication process of TcdA and TcdB, and likely involved during pore formation of both toxins in endosomal membranes, a key step after cellular uptake for the translocation of the glucosyltransferase domain of both toxins from endosomes into the host cell cytosol.