[Intraoperative Ventilation Approaches to One-lung Ventilation].

The management of thoracic surgery patients is challenging to the anesthetist, since one-lung ventilation (OLV) includes at least two major conditions: sufficient oxygenation and lung protection. The first is mainly because the ventilation of one lung is stopped while perfusion to that lung continues; the latter is related to the fact that the whole ventilation is applied to only a single lung. Recommendations for maintaining the oxygenation and methods of lung protection may contradict each other (e.

Effect of remote ischemic preconditioning on exhaled nitric oxide concentration in piglets during and after one-lung ventilation.

Background: Remote ischemic preconditioning (RIP) may protect target organs from ischemia - reperfusion injury, however, little is known on pulmonary effects of RIP prior to, immediately after and several hours after one-lung ventilation (OLV). The present randomized, controlled, animal experiment was undertaken to analyze these issues.

Methods: After animal ethics committee approval, twelve piglets (26 ± 2 kg) were anesthetized and randomly assigned to a control (n = 6) or to a RIP group (n = 6).

Early and late effects of remote ischemic preconditioning on spirometry and gas exchange in healthy volunteers.

Purpose: Remote ischemic preconditioning (RIP) may protect remote organs from ischemia-reperfusion-injury (IRI) in surgical and non-surgical patients. There are few data available on RIP and lung function, especially not in healthy volunteers. The null-hypothesis was tested that RIP does not have an effect on pulmonary function when applied on healthy volunteers that were breathing spontaneously and did not experience any intervention.

Data on the effects of remote ischemic preconditioning in the lungs after one-lung ventilation.

This article contains data on experimental endpoints of a randomized controlled animal trial. Fourteen healthy piglets underwent mechanical ventilation including injurious one-lung ventilation (OLV), seven of them experienced four cycles of remote ischemic preconditioning (RIP) on one hind limb immediately before OLV, seven of them did not receive RIP and served as controls, in a randomized manner. The two major endpoints were (1) pulmonary damage assessed with the diffuse alveolar damage (DAD) score and (2) the inflammatory response assessed by cytokine concentrations in serum and in bronchoalveolar lavage fluids (BAL).

Pulmonary effects of remote ischemic preconditioning in a porcine model of ventilation-induced lung injury.

Background: One-lung ventilation (OLV) may result in lung injury due to increased mechanical stress and tidal recruitment. As a result, a pulmonary inflammatory response is induced. The present randomized, controlled, animal experiment was undertaken to assess the effects of remote ischemic preconditioning (RIP) on diffuse alveolar damage and immune response after OLV.

[Anesthetic Management in Thoracic Trauma Patients].

In daily practice, management of patients with blunt thoracic trauma is challenging for the anesthetist. Injuries of airways, lungs, diaphragm, heart and large vessels are the main difficulties.Respiratory and circulatory physiology in general is affected by general anesthesia, which may result in an increased number of perioperative complications.

Lessons from a double-transgenic neutrophil approach to induce antiproteinase 3 antibody-mediated vasculitis in mice.

ANCA to either PR3 or MPO are found in patients with necrotizing vasculitis and glomerulonephritis. ANCA binding to their target antigens on neutrophils and subsequent neutrophil activation are pivotal disease mechanisms that lead to vascular inflammation and necrosis. ANCA interaction with PR3 is more complex than with MPO as the neutrophil-specific CD177 receptor is involved in PR3 surface expression and PR3-ANCA-induced neutrophil activation.

Adipose tissue-derived soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase 1 is an obesity-relevant endogenous paracrine adipokine.

Adipose tissue growth depends on angiogenesis. We tested the hypothesis that adipose tissue produces factors relevant to angiogenesis. We obtained fat biopsies in 2 different patient cohorts, cultured adipose-derived stem cells and studied mature adipocytes.

Aldosterone abrogates nuclear factor kappaB-mediated tumor necrosis factor alpha production in human neutrophils via the mineralocorticoid receptor.

Mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) activation by aldosterone controls salt homeostasis and inflammation in several tissues and cell types. Whether or not a functional MR exists in polymorphonuclear neutrophils is unknown. We investigated the hypothesis that aldosterone modulates inflammatory neutrophil responses via the MR.

Do variations in the 5-HT3A and 5-HT3B serotonin receptor genes (HTR3A and HTR3B) influence the occurrence of postoperative vomiting?

Background: Postoperative nausea and vomiting are unpleasant side effects of general anesthesia. Besides known risk factors (female gender, nonsmoker, history, and opioids), a genetic influence of the serotonin receptor system on the development of nausea and vomiting has repeatedly been proposed. In this pilot study, we therefore investigated the genes of the serotonin receptor subunits A and B (HTR3A and HTR3B) for genetic variants.

Reduction of circulating soluble Flt-1 alleviates preeclampsia-like symptoms in a mouse model.

Preeclampsia (PE) is characterized by widespread endothelial damage with hypertension, proteinuria, glomeruloendotheliosis and elevated soluble Flt-1 (sFlt-1), a natural occurring antagonist of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Cancer patients receiving anti-VEGF therapy exhibit similar symptoms. We suggested that a decrease in circulating sFlt-1 would alleviate the symptoms associated with PE.

Similarities and differences of human and experimental mouse lymphangiomas.

Lymphangioma is a disfiguring malformation of early childhood. A mouse lymphangioma model has been established by injecting Freund's incomplete adjuvant (FIA) intraperitoneally, but has not been compared with the human disease. We show that, in accordance with studies from the 1960s, the mouse model represents an oil-granuloma, made up of CD45-positive leukocytes and invaded by blood and lymph vessels.