Functional gastrointestinal disorders predictors in neonates and toddlers: A machine learning approach to risk assessment.

Background: Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders (FGIDs) can pose a great burden on affected children, their families, and the healthcare system. Due to the lack of knowledge about the precise pathophysiology of FGIDs, a proper identification of children at risk to develop FGIDs has never been attempted. The research aims to identify early-life risk factors for FGIDs such as infantile colic, regurgitation, and functional constipation, within the first year of life.

Health Effects of Infant Formula Supplemented with Probiotics or Synbiotics in Infants and Toddlers: Systematic Review with Network Meta-Analysis.

Supplementation of infant and follow-up formula with probiotics or synbiotics has become a common practice. In 2011 and 2017, the evidence regarding the impact of these interventions was analysed systematically. Recently new evidence was published.

Biotics in neonatal period: what's the evidence?

Breastfeeding is considered the gold standard for infants' nutrition and provides unique benefits for infants' health. Great research interest has been raised about the use of bioactive components in neonatal medicine, both as standalone products and as addition to infant formula, in the attempt to reproduce human milk beneficial effects. Thus, the aim of this narrative review is to summarize most recent evidence on biotics' use in the neonatal period, with a focus on infant formula (IF) supplemented with probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics and postbiotics.

Specific Learning Disorders and Special Educational Needs during COVID-19 Pandemic; Pilot Survey Study Performed in Local District Schools in Italy.

Unlabelled: Specific Learning Disorders (SLD) are a group of heterogeneous health deficits frequently diagnosed in early childhood that cause difficulties in general intellectual functioning. In the last decades in Italy new laws have been developed to give practical guidelines for the best education plans for children with SLD.

Background: The aim of our study was to determine the efficacy of the educational treatment on SLD in Primary and Secondary schools in the Italian city of Barletta.

Chest CT Computerized Aided Quantification of PNEUMONIA Lesions in COVID-19 Infection: A Comparison among Three Commercial Software.

Purpose: To compare different commercial software in the quantification of Pneumonia Lesions in COVID-19 infection and to stratify the patients based on the disease severity using on chest computed tomography (CT) images.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively examined 162 patients with confirmed COVID-19 infection by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) test. All cases were evaluated separately by radiologists (visually) and by using three computer software programs: (1) Thoracic VCAR software, GE Healthcare, United States; (2) Myrian, Intrasense, France; (3) InferRead, InferVision Europe, Wiesbaden, Germany.

"Tethered Fat Sign": The Sonographic Sign of Omental Infarction.

Our purpose is to describe the ultrasound sign for a correct non-invasive diagnosis of omental infarction in children. From January 2014 to December 2018, a total of 234 children (109 boys and 125 girls, age range 3-15 y) with acute right-sided abdominal pain, admitted to our hospital with a presumptive diagnosis of acute appendicitis, were prospectively evaluated. In all patients, abdominal ultrasound was performed, and the omental fat was always evaluated.

An intramedullary "flame" recognized as being an intramedullary spinal cord metastasis from esophageal cancer.

Intramedullary spinal cord metastases are rarely encountered in patients suffering from extra - central nervous system primary cancer, with only 2 described cases reported in the literature deriving from esophageal cancer. Intramedullary spinal cord metastases may occur at any level of the spinal cord but cervical location is the most frequent. We report the first case of intramedullary metastasis affecting the thoracic spinal cord from esophageal squamous cell carcinoma in a 35-year-old patient.