Uncovering the Therapeutic Potential of Lithium Chloride in Type 2 Diabetic Cardiomyopathy: Targeting Tau Hyperphosphorylation and TGF-β Signaling via GSK-3β Inhibition.

Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a major complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) that leads to significant morbidity and mortality. The alteration in the signaling mechanism in diabetes leading to cardiomyopathy remains unclear. The purpose of this study is to investigate the role of tauopathy in myocardial dysfunction observed in T2DM.

Factors Associated With Longitudinal Patterns of Hearing Aid Use.

Background And Objectives: The objectives of this study are to identify patterns of hearing aid usage among U.S. National Health & Aging Trends Study (NHATS) participants and to examine users' characteristics associated with each pattern.

A Digital Image Correlation Technique for Laboratory Structural Tests and Applications: A Systematic Literature Review.

Digital image correlation (DIC) is an optical technique used to measure surface displacements and strains in materials and structures. This technique has demonstrated significant utility in structural examination and monitoring. This manuscript offers a comprehensive review of the contemporary research and applications that have leveraged the DIC technique in laboratory-based structural tests.

Detecting desertification in the ancient oases of southern Morocco.

Understanding what led to desertification in the long-term is crucial for adaptation to climate change and pressures on resources in North Africa, but existing maps do not accurately show the extent of degraded land or the traditional water systems which underpinned cultivation. These products rely on recent vegetation trends and hindcasted statistical data. Desertification which occurred prior to the later twentieth century is poorly represented, if at all.

Sensory Loss and its Association with Different Types of Departures from the Labor Force Among Older Adults in the US.

To investigate the association between sensory loss and the timing and type of self-reported departures from the labor force, via retirement or disability, we used data from the Health and Retirement Study, cycles 2004-2018. Based on self-reported sensory loss, we classified individuals into four groups: no sensory loss, hearing loss only, vision loss only, and dual sensory loss (vision and hearing loss). We assumed that older adults could leave the labor force either by retirement or due to disability.

The Association Between Self-Reported Hearing Loss and Loss of Usual Source of Health Care Among Older Medicare Beneficiaries: Evidence From the National Health and Aging Trends Study.

Background And Objectives: The purpose of the study is to investigate the association of hearing loss (HL) with maintaining a usual source of care (USOC).

Research Design And Methods: In this study we implemented a time-to-event analysis using data from the National Health and Aging Trends Study (NHATS), a nationally representative study of older Medicare beneficiaries in the United States. The study sample included 2 114 older adults, aged 65+ years, 58.

Dioncophyllidine E: The first configurationally semi-stable, 7,3'-coupled naphthyldihydroisoquinoline alkaloid, from Ancistrocladus abbreviatus, with antiausterity activity against PANC-1 human pancreatic cancer cells.

The discovery of a new naphthylisoquinoline alkaloid, dioncophyllidine E (4), from the tropical liana Ancistrocladus abbreviatus (Ancistrocladaceae) is described. Due to its rare 7,3'-coupling type, combined with the lack of an oxygen function at C-6, it is configurationally semi-stable at the biaryl axis, and thus occurs as a pair of slowly interconverting atropo-diastereomers, 4a and 4b. Its constitution was assigned mainly by 1D and 2D NMR.

Correction: Naphthylisoindolinone alkaloids: the first ring-contracted naphthylisoquinolines, from the tropical liana , with cytotoxic activity.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1039/D2RA05758A.].

Naphthylisoindolinone alkaloids: the first ring-contracted naphthylisoquinolines, from the tropical liana , with cytotoxic activity.

The West African liana is a rich source of structurally most diverse naphthylisoquinoline alkaloids. From its roots, a series of four novel representatives, named ancistrobrevolines A-D (14-17) have now been isolated, displaying an unprecedented heterocyclic ring system, where the usual isoquinoline entity is replaced by a ring-contracted isoindolinone part. Their constitutions were elucidated by 1D and 2D NMR and HR-ESI-MS.

Vision Impairment and Patient Activation among Medicare Beneficiaries.

Purpose: Low patient activation is associated with poor patient outcomes. People with vision impairment may have low patient activation as a result of communication and access barriers. We examined the association of patient activation with vision impairment.

Demographics, clinical interests, and ophthalmology skills confidence of medical student volunteers and non-volunteers in an extracurricular community vision screening service-learning program.

Background: Medical school curricular hours dedicated to ophthalmology are low and declining. Extracurricular ophthalmology activities, such as participation in community vision screenings, may serve an important adjunctive role in medical school curricula. The Johns Hopkins University (JHU) Vision Screening In Our Neighborhoods (ViSION) Program is an example of a voluntary medical student-directed community service-learning program.

Access to food and health care during the COVID-19 pandemic by disability status in the United States.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted people's access to food and health care. People with disabilities may be disproportionately affected by these outcomes due to structural and social barriers.

Objective/hypothesis: To examine the relative prevalence of food insufficiency and unmet health care needs among the U.

Assessment of hearing and vision impairment in cohort studies collecting cognitive data in older adults.

Introduction: There are no standard practices for considering sensory impairment in studies measuring cognitive function among older adults. Exclusion of participants with impairments may inaccurately estimate the prevalence of cognitive impairment and dementia.

Methods: We surveyed prospective cohort studies measuring cognitive function in older adults, determined the proportion that excluded participants based on sensory impairment and the proportion that assessed each type of sensory impairment, and described the methods of sensory assessment.

Vision impairment and cognitive decline among older adults: a systematic review.

Objectives: There has been increasing epidemiological research examining the association between vision impairment (VI) and cognitive impairment and how poor vision may be a modifiable risk factor for cognitive decline. The objective of this systematic review is to synthesise the published literature on the association of VI with cognitive decline, cognitive impairment or dementia, to aid the development of interventions and guide public policies pertaining to the relationship between vision and cognition.

Methods: A literature search was performed with Embase, Medline and Cochrane library databases from inception to March 2020, and included abstracts and articles published in peer-reviewed journals in English.

Alternative Pathways for Hearing Care May Address Disparities in Access.

Low-uptake of hearing aids among older adults has long dogged the hearing care system in the U.S. and other countries.

Association of Sensory Loss With the Knowledge of Heart Attacks.

Introduction: Awareness of heart attack symptoms and the best response is a national public health priority, especially among those at higher risk of heart disease. Adults with sensory loss are more likely to develop heart disease than those without and may be at risk of poor heart attack knowledge owing to limited patient-provider communication and access to health information. The aim of this study is to examine the association between sensory loss and heart attack knowledge.

Self-reported dual sensory impairment, dementia, and functional limitations in Medicare beneficiaries.

Background: Vision and hearing impairments often co-exist with dementia, and all are independently associated with limitations in daily activities. Our aim was to examine the association of dual sensory impairment with functional limitations, and further examine the combined estimated association of sensory impairment and dementia with these functional limitations.

Methods: Cross-sectional analysis of the National Health and Aging Trends Study (NHATS), a population-based cohort of Medicare beneficiaries, was performed.

Factors Associated With Hearing Aid Use Among Medicare Beneficiaries.

Background And Objectives: In the United States, up to two-thirds of older adults have hearing loss. Untreated hearing loss can have significant health outcomes, yet less than 20% of adults with hearing loss use hearing aids. In this study, we examined potential factors associated with hearing aid use, including detailed measures of health status, access to care, patient engagement, and technology use, in a nationally representative sample of Medicare beneficiaries.

Medicare Beneficiaries With Self-Reported Functional Hearing Difficulty Have Unmet Health Care Needs.

Hearing loss is associated with higher health care spending and use, but little is known about the unmet health care needs of people with hearing loss or difficulty. Analysis of 2016 Medicare Current Beneficiary Survey data for beneficiaries ages sixty-five and older reveals that those who reported a lot of trouble hearing in the past year were 49 percent more likely than those who reported no trouble hearing to indicate not having a usual source of care. Compared with those who reported no trouble hearing, those who reported some trouble hearing were more likely to indicate not having obtained medical care in the past year when they thought it was needed, as well as not filling a prescription, with the risk for both behaviors being greater among those reporting a lot of trouble hearing versus a little.

The Association of Vision, Hearing, and Dual-Sensory Loss with Walking Speed and Incident Slow Walking: Longitudinal and Time to Event Analyses in the Health and Retirement Study.

With the aging of the population, vision (VL), hearing (HL), and dual-sensory (DSL, concurrent VL and HL) loss will likely constitute important public health challenges. Walking speed is an indicator of functional status and is associated with mortality. Using the Health and Retirement Study, a nationally representative U.

Preventive Care Utilization among Adults with Hearing Loss in the United States.

Hearing loss (HL) can negatively impact patient-provider communication and limit access to health promotion information, which may lead to decreased preventive care utilization. Using data from the 2015 and 2018 National Health Interview Survey, we examined the association between perceived HL with and without hearing aid use with self-reported age-appropriate uptake of breast and colon cancer screening, and influenza and pneumococcal vaccination. In models adjusted for sociodemographic characteristics, access to care, and health status, people with HL had lower odds of receiving breast cancer screening (odds ratio [OR] = 0.

Caring for Older Adults With Self-Reported Vision Impairment: Findings from the National Study of Caregiving.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine caregiving relationships for older adults with vision impairment (VI).

Design: Cross-sectional study with a nationally representative sample.

Methods: Setting: the National Health and Aging Trends Study linked to the National Study of Caregiving, Year 2011.

A Global Assessment of Eye Health and Quality of Life: A Systematic Review of Systematic Reviews.

Importance: More than 1 billion people worldwide have vision impairment or blindness from potentially preventable or correctable causes. Quality of life, an important measure of physical, emotional, and social well-being, appears to be negatively associated with vision impairment, and increasingly, ophthalmic interventions are being assessed for their association with quality of life.

Objective: To examine the association between vision impairment or eye disease and quality of life, and the outcome of ophthalmic interventions on quality of life globally and across the life span, through an umbrella review or systematic review of systematic reviews.

Caring for Older Adults With Vision Impairment and Dementia.

Background And Objectives: Dementia and vision impairment (VI) are common among older adults but little is known about caregiving in this context.

Research Design And Methods: We used data from the 2011 National Health and Aging Trends Study, a nationally representative survey of Medicare beneficiaries, linked to their family/unpaid helpers from the National Study of Caregiving. Vision impairment was defined as self-reported blindness or difficulty with distance/near vision.