The association between schoolchildren intelligence and refractive error.

Purpose: The relationship between refractory errors and intelligence and the importance of genetic, regional and environmental factors in such associations, were investigated in a group of school children.

Subjects And Methods: One hundred and thirty-seven students (34.3% boys and 65.

Concurrent papillary thyroid cancer and parathyroid adenoma as a rare condition: a case report.

Although the pathological relationship between parathyroid and thyroid diseases is common, an association between parathyroid adenoma and thyroid cancer is rare. Concomitant thyroid cancer in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism (pHPT) has been reported at varying frequencies. WE present here a 23-year-old man who had papillary thyroid carcinoma in the right thyroid lobe and a parathyroid adenoma in the left thyroid lobe, which were confirmed surgically.

Nuclear imaging with radiolabeled odor molecules in patients with olfactory disorder.

Smell loss originates from peripheral disorders, like intranasal obstruction and olfactory cell injury, as well as central pathway diseases. Information derived from electrophysiological and psychophysical tests are useful for identifying loss of smell, but not for discriminating between central and peripheral deficits. This is because conventional imaging modalities are unable to deliver information about functional olfactory performance.

Preoperative ⁹⁹mTc-sestamibi scintigraphy in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism and concomitant nodular goiter: comparison of SPECT-CT, SPECT, and planar imaging.

Background: Investigations using a hybrid single photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography (SPECT-CT) scanning technique have been carried out in limited studies and have shown mixed results. However, the assessment of this technique for the detection of parathyroid adenoma in patients with a nodular goiter was performed in only one study with a small sample size. The aim of this prospective study was to assess the role of 99mTc-sestamibi parathyroid SPECT-CT scans for localization of parathyroid adenomas with a concomitant nodular goiter using 99mTc-methoxyisobutyl isonitrile (MIBI) scintigraphy and to compare it with SPECT and planar imaging.

The role of 99mTc-MIBI scintigraphy in the management of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis.

Background: This study aimed to determine whether 99mTc-methoxyisobutylisonitrile (MIBI) scanning could improve diagnostic accuracy of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) and help clinical decision making for an accurate management.

Material And Methods: 99mTc-MIBI scintigraphy was performed in 62 cases of PTB 34 cases had active pulmonary tuberculosis (APTB) and were at the beginning of antituberculosis medication (group 1) as well as 28 cases had inactive pulmonary tuberculosis (IPTB) and were post antituberculosis medication (group 2). The qualitative and semiquantitative findings of both scanning methods were assessed.

Reduced serum osteocalcin concentrations are associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus and the metabolic syndrome components in postmenopausal women: the crosstalk between bone and energy metabolism.

Although it has been shown that osteocalcin functions as a hormone in the regulation of glucose metabolism and fat mass, no population-based study to date has addressed serum osteocalcin levels in relation to energy metabolism concurrent with bone metabolism in postmenopausal women. In a population-based study, cardiovascular risk factors, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), osteoprotegerin, receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand, osteocalcin, CrossLaps, alkaline phosphatase, and bone mineral density (BMD) at the lumbar spine (L2-L4) and the proximal femur were measured in 382 Iranian postmenopausal women. In multiple logistic regression analysis, lower osteocalcin and CrossLaps levels were associated with a higher odds ratio (OR) of having type 2 diabetes mellitus when adjustments were made for age, hs-CRP, cardiovascular risk factors, BMD, and markers of bone metabolism [OR 5.

Characterization of industrial waste from a natural gas distribution company and management strategies: a case study of the East Azerbaijan Gas Company (Iran).

Although a fundamental prerequisite for the successful implementation of any waste management plan is the availability of sufficient and accurate data, there are few available studies regarding the characterization and management of gas distribution company waste (GDCW). This study aimed to characterize the industrial waste generated by the East Azerbaijan Gas Distribution Company (EAGDC) and to present environmental management strategies. The EAGDC serves 57 cities and 821 villages with a total population of more than 2.

Assessment of radioiodine clearance in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer.

Radioiodine ((131)I iodide) has long been a safe, effective and widely used treatment in the management of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC). Concerns regarding stochastic radiogenic risks have led to regulatory criteria for the release from medical confinement of patients who receive such radionuclide therapy. Over a 6-y period, the external whole-body dose rates at 1 m from 562 DTC patients were measured with an ionisation chamber calibrated in microsieverts per hour out to 5-d post-administration.

The effect of an iodine restricted including no sea foods diet, on technetium-99m thyroid scintigraphy: a neglected issue in nuclear medicine practice.

Although it is recommended to patients to avoid sea food and iodine-containing medications prior to iodine-131 (¹³¹I) scanning, the efficacy of this diet as for technetium-99m pertechnetate ((99m)Tc-P) thyroid scintigraphy is not well addressed in the literature. We evaluated a self-managed, outpatients, iodine restricted diet (IRD) designed to reduce total body iodine in preparation for such a scan. We have studied 39 patients who referred to our Department for multinodular goiter, 30 females and 9 males, aged:14-54 years and their (99m)Tc-P thyroid scintigraphy showed poor visualization of the thyroid gland.

The normoglycemic first-degree relatives of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus have low circulating omentin-1 and adiponectin levels.

Objective: It has been suggested that adipose-derived cytokines act as insulin sensitizers/insulin-mimetics and some others may induce insulin resistance. In order to elucidate the potential role of novel adipocytokines in the pre-diabetes states, circulating levels of novel adipocytokines were evaluated in first-degree relatives of subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus (FDRs).

Method: Serum omentin-1, adiponectin and retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4) levels were measured in 179 subjects (90 glucose tolerant FDRs and 89 age- and sex-matched healthy controls) using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) methods.

Chronic inflammation is correlated with percentage of body fat independent of the burden of infection.

The aim of this population-based study was to investigate the association of the percentage of body fat (BF) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) when the infectious burden was adjusted for. A total of 1,546 subjects were randomly selected. BF was determined using bioelectrical impedance analysis.

A smart micro-drill for cochleostomy formation: a comparison of cochlear disturbances with manual drilling and a human trial.

Background: Cochleostomy formation is a key stage of the cochlear implantation procedure. Minimizing the trauma sustained by the cochlea during this step is thought to be a critical feature in hearing preservation cochlear implantation. The aim of this paper is firstly, to assess the cochlea disturbances during manual and robotic cochleostomy formation.

The association of rate pressure product (RPP) and myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) findings: a preliminary study.

Introduction: The product of heart rate and systolic blood pressure, termed as rate-pressure product (RPP), is a very reliable indicator of myocardial oxygen demand and is widely used clinically. There have been previous attempts to describe the relationship between RPP and the onset of pain in angina pectoris. The current study aimed to evaluate the association between RPP results and scan findings.

Comparison of angiographic with myocardial perfusion scintigraphy findings in cardiac syndrome X (CSX).

Objective: Cardiac syndrome X (CSX) is defined by an angina-like chest pain, a positive response to stress testing and normal or near normal coronary angiogram. We evaluated the angiographic findings in patients with cardiac syndrome X and compared it with myocardial perfusion scintigraphy findings.

Patients And Methods: The study included 39 females aged 40-58 years (mean, 49.

The role of gated myocardial perfusion scintigraphy (GMPS) in myocarditis: a case report and review of the literature.

Acute myocarditis is one of the most challenging diagnoses and treatments in cardiology. The acute viral myocarditis diagnosis is usually based on high suspicion, history taking, and physical examination. Likewise, the use of chest radiography, electrocardiography (ECG), and echocardiography is helpful in making a final diagnosis, but all are non-specific.

Vitamin k antagonist warfarin for palliative treatment of metachromatic leukodystrophy, a compassionate study of four subjects.

MLD is characterized by accumulation of sulfatides in the brain. Vitamin K regulates two enzymes in sphingolipid biosynthesis and warfarin is known to lower brain sulfatides in rats and mice. We hypothesized that warfarin may mitigate the MLD phenotype by reducing the formation of sulfatides.

Evaluation of radioiodine therapy in differentiated thyroid cancer subjects with elevated serum thyroglobulin and negative whole body scan using 131I with emphasize on the thallium scintigraphy in these subgroups.

Objective: Negative diagnostic 131I whole body scans with elevated serum thyroglobulin (Tg) levels are found in 20% of patients with differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC). Empirical radioiodine treatment has been advocated by some researchers, but has had with controversial outcomes. This anterospective study was performed to examine this dilemma and also to determine the capability of thallium (201TI) scintigraphy in these patients.

The accuracy of sentinel node biopsy in breast cancer patients with the history of previous surgical biopsy of the primary lesion: systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature.

Background: One of the subjects under debate in sentinel node mapping is the eligibility of patients with the history of previous surgical biopsy of the primary lesion for sentinel node biopsy. In the current systematic review, we evaluated the false negative and detection rates of sentinel node biopsy in breast cancer patients with and without previous surgical manipulation of the primary breast lesions.

Methods: Pubmed, SCOPUS, and Google scholar were searched for any relevant study with head to head comparison of patients with and without history of previous surgical manipulation of the primary breast lesions.

Prospective evaluation of technetium-99m ECD SPET in mild traumatic brain injury for the prediction of sustained neuropsychological sequels.

Our aim was to evaluate whether single photon emission tomography (SPET) versus computed tomography (CT) in acute phase of mild traumatic brain injury (MTBI) was better for the prediction of sustained neuropsychological symptoms beyond a typical recovery period. Forty five patients with MTBI were prospectively evaluated with clinical and neuropsychological exams, structural imaging using CT and perfusion study by(99m)Tc-ethylene cysteinate dimer ((99m)Tc-ECD) SPET within a week of the head trauma. After an interval ranging from 6 to 12 (median: 9) months, all patients were re-evaluated by standard neuropsychological tests for the assessment of sustained personality changes, imbalance and memory deficits.

Serum visfatin and vaspin levels in normoglycemic first-degree relatives of Iranian patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Aim: To investigate circulating visfatin and vaspin levels in first-degree relatives of subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus (FDRs) who frequently have higher value of HOMA-IR and beta cell dysfunction.

Methods: Serum visfatin and vaspin concentrations were measured in 179 Iranian subjects (90 normoglycemic FDRs and 89 age- and sex-matched healthy controls) using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) methods.

Result: Serum visfatin levels were significantly lower in the FDRs when compared to the controls (1.