A rare case of a horseshoe kidney with a single left-sided ureter presented with recurrent urinary tract infection.

The horseshoe kidney (HSK) is a common renal abnormality mostly asymptomatic. This may be linked to chromosomal and organ anomalies. A 27-year-old male patient presented with mild recurrent lower abdominal pain associated with dysuria.

Unlocking vinpocetine's oncostatic potential in early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma: A new approach to oncogenic modulation by a nootropic drug.

The development of new drugs for the inhibition of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development and progression is a critical and urgent need. The median survival rate for HCC patients remains disappointingly low. Vinpocetine is a safe nootropic agent that is often used to enhance cognitive function.

Hedgehog signaling mastery: R51211's promise in augmenting the therapeutic efficacy of sorafenib.

Sorafenib is a multikinase inhibitor employed for managing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The emergence of sorafenib resistance presents an obstacle to its therapeutic efficacy. One notable approach to overcoming sorafenib resistance is the exploration of combination therapies.

A novel combination therapy targets sonic hedgehog signaling by the dual inhibition of HMG-CoA reductase and HSP90 in rats with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis.

Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is characterized by liver inflammation, fat accumulation, and collagen deposition. Due to the limited availability of effective treatments, there is a pressing need to develop innovative strategies. Given the complex nature of the disease, employing combination approaches is essential.

miRNAs dysregulation in ankylosing spondylitis: A review of implications for disease mechanisms, and diagnostic markers.

Epigenetic processes, including non-coding RNA, histone modifications, and DNA methylation, play a vital role in connecting the environment to the development of a disorder, especially when there is a favorable genetic background. Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS) is a chronic type of spinal arthritis that highlights the significance of epigenetics in diseases related to autoimmunity and inflammation. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that are involved in both normal and aberrant pathological and physiological gene expression.

Tracking the therapeutic efficacy of a ketone mono ester and β-hydroxybutyrate for ulcerative colitis in rats: New perspectives.

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an inflammatory condition that affects the colon's lining and increases the risk of colon cancer. Despite ongoing research, there is no identified cure for UC. The recognition of NLRP3 inflammasome activation in the pathogenesis of UC has gained widespread acceptance.

Item analysis: the impact of distractor efficiency on the difficulty index and discrimination power of multiple-choice items.

Background: Distractor efficiency (DE) of multiple-choice questions (MCQs) responses is a component of the psychometric analysis used by the examiners to evaluate the distractors' credibility and functionality. This study was conducted to evaluate the impact of the DE on the difficulty and discrimination indices.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from April to June 2023.

The role of matrix metalloproteinase-2 and miR-196a2 in bronchial asthma pathogenesis and diagnosis.

Background: Bronchial asthma is a persistent inflammatory respiratory condition that restricts the passage of air and causes hyperresponsiveness. Chronic asthma can be classified into three categories: mild, moderate, and severe. Remodeling took place as the extracellular matrix accumulated in the walls of the airways.

AI in medical education: uses of AI in construction type A MCQs.

Background: The introduction of competency-based education models, student centers, and the increased use of formative assessments have led to demands for high-quality test items to be used in assessments. This study aimed to assess the use of an AI tool to generate MCQs type A and evaluate its quality.

Methods: The study design was cross-sectional analytics conducted from June 2023 to August 2023.

Morphological Correlation between the Diameters of the Left Main Coronary Artery and its Branches Measured by QCA and Derived by Finet's Law.

Background: Coronary artery diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide. Stenting or angioplasty of coronary arteries as interventional management requires knowledge about the morphology of the coronary tree, including luminal diameters.

Objective: This work aimed to study the diameters of the left main coronary artery and its branches measured by QCA in relation to the diameters derived by Finet's law.

Itraconazole halts hepatocellular carcinoma progression by modulating sonic hedgehog signaling in rats: A novel therapeutic approach.

Liver cancer stands as the fourth leading global cause of death, and its prognosis remains grim due to the limited effectiveness of current medical interventions. Among the various pathways implicated in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the hedgehog signaling pathway has emerged as a crucial player. Itraconazole, a relatively safe and cost-effective antifungal medication, has gained attention for its potential as an anticancer agent.

Observational Study Designs: Synopsis for Selecting an Appropriate Study Design.

The selection of a study design is the most critical step in the research methodology. Crucial factors should be considered during the selection of the study design, which is the formulated research question, as well as the method of participant selection. Different study designs can be applied to the same research question(s).

Learning style preferences among medical students in the College of Medicine, University of Bisha, Saudi Arabia (2018).

Objectives: This research aims to describe the learning styles among undergraduate medical students at the College of Medicine, University of Bisha.

Materials And Methods: Type of study is a cross-sectional. Students preference of learning styles was assessed through VARK (abbreviation stands for Visual, Aural, Read/Write, and Kinesthetic learning style) inventory questionnaire version 7.

Variations of the gallbladder in Sudanese subjects with literature review.

Background: Advances in the use of laparoscopic surgery, especially in the biliary apparatus interference makes the need to revise the anatomical data of the gallbladder (GB) more important. Variations of the extra-hepatic biliary apparatus are characterized by large varieties of configurations.

Objective: The aim of this article was to study the morphology of the GB in Sudanese subjects and review the common variations.