Evaluation of Segmentation, Rotation, and Geographic Delivery Approaches for Deployment of Multiple First-Line Treatment (MFT) to Respond to Antimalarial Drug Resistance in Africa: A Qualitative Study in Seven Sub-Sahara Countries.

Background: Several studies recently confirmed the emergence of resistance to antimalarial drugs in sub-Saharan Africa. Multiple first-line treatment (MFT) is one of the measures envisaged to respond to the emergence and spread of this resistance. The aim of this study was to identify the perceived advantages and disadvantages of several MFT deployment strategies and to better understand potential implementation drivers and barriers.

Safety and efficacy of pyronaridine-artesunate paediatric granules in the treatment of uncomplicated malaria in children: insights from randomized clinical trials and a real-world study.

Background: Children are particularly at risk of malaria. This analysis consolidates the clinical data for pyronaridine-artesunate (PA) paediatric granules in children from three randomized clinical trials and a real-world study (CANTAM).

Methods: An integrated safety analysis of individual patient data from three randomized clinical trials included patients with microscopically-confirmed Plasmodium falciparum, body weight ≥ 5 kg to < 20 kg, who received at least one dose of study drug (paediatric safety population).

TEM Classification of Aortic Dissection-The Evolving Scoring System: A Literature Review.

Aortic dissection is an acute presentation that, if unnoticed, poses a significant risk to life. Anatomically, it is defined as a tear in the intimal layer of the aorta, but management differs significantly based on the location of this tear. Traditionally the Stanford and DeBakey classifications have been used to distinguish tear types and thus guide the most favourable management option, be it medical optimisation or surgery.

Examining the levels of psychological support available to patients with haematological cancer in England: a mixed methods study.

Objectives: The psychological impact of a haematological malignancy is well documented. However, few studies have assessed the provision of psychological support to people with these diagnoses. This study explores the extent and nature of psychological support for people diagnosed with haematological cancer to inform future service provision.

Real-world tertiary referral centre experience stopping nucleos(t)ide analogue therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis B.

Identifying strategies for stopping nucleos(t)ide analogues (NUC) in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) is a major goal in CHB management. Our study describes our tertiary-centre experience stopping nucleos(t)ide analogues (NUC) in CHB. We conducted a retrospective cohort study of all individuals with CHB seen at the Calgary Liver Unit between January 2009 and May 2020 who stopped NUC.

Real-world clinical and virological outcomes in a retrospective multiethnic cohort study of 341 untreated and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate-treated chronic hepatitis B pregnant patients in North America.

Background: There are limited long-term data on outcomes of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) in untreated and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF)-treated women during pregnancy.

Aims: To assess clinical outcomes in a multiethnic cohort of patients during pregnancy and post-partum in a low HBV endemic region.

Methods: Retrospective real-world study of women with CHB (treated or untreated with TDF) from 2011 to 2019; data including ALT, HBV DNA, HBeAg and liver stiffness measurement were collected during pregnancy and post-partum.

Acceptability of intravenous propofol sedation for adolescent dental care.

Purpose: Propofol is an intravenous anaesthetic agent commonly utilised in general anaesthesia, however in sub-anaesthetic concentrations can be utilised to provide sedation through automated dosing of target-controlled infusion (TCI). TCI has been shown to provide accurate and stable predicted plasma and effect-site concentrations of propofol. A four-part mixed-method prospective study was undertaken to evaluate the safety and patient acceptability of intravenous propofol sedation in adolescent patients requiring dental care.

Self-management interventions for skin care in people with a spinal cord injury: part 1-a systematic review of intervention content and effectiveness.

Study Design: Systematic review.

Objectives: To review the content and effectiveness of skin care self-management interventions for people with SCI.

Setting: International.

Self-management interventions for skin care in people with a spinal cord injury: part 2-a systematic review of use of theory and quality of intervention reporting.

Study Design: Systematic review.

Objectives: To examine use of theory and quality of reporting in skin care self-management interventions for people with SCI.

Setting: International.

Real-world treatment of hepatitis C with second-generation direct-acting antivirals: initial results from a multicentre Canadian retrospective cohort of diverse patients.

Background: High hepatitis C cure rates have been observed in registration trials with second-generation direct-acting antivirals. Real-world data also indicate high sustained viral response (SVR) rates. Our objective was to determine real-world SVR rates for patients infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV) who were treated with second-generation direct-acting antivirals in the first 18 months of their availability in Canada.

Hepatitis B virus testing and linkage to care in a Canadian urban tertiary referral centre: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Despite universal vaccination, chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection remains a public health concern in North America owing to immigration. We aimed to characterize the number of people with a positive result of testing for HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) in Calgary, a large urban Canadian health care region, and to assess whether recommended laboratory tests and specialist consultation were done for those identified as HBsAg-positive.

Methods: Based on laboratory and Alberta Health Services administrative data, we identified all adults (age > 18 yr) with a positive HBsAg test result from Jan.

Self-management interventions to improve skin care for pressure ulcer prevention in people with spinal cord injuries: a systematic review protocol.

Background: Pressure ulcers are a serious, common, lifelong, and costly secondary complication of spinal cord injury (SCI). Community-dwelling people with a SCI can prevent them with appropriate skin care (i.e.

A multicentre, multicycle audit of the prescribing practices of three paediatric dental departments in the North of England.

Background: Odontogenic infections are frequently treated with antimicrobials. The inappropriate use of these medications has led to bacterial resistance and the development of species which are resistant to the antimicrobials currently available. This has serious implications for global public health.

A phase II trial of second-line axitinib following prior antiangiogenic therapy in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background: Second-line treatment options in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are limited. Axitinib, a selective potent tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) of vascular endothelial growth factor VEGF) receptors 1, 2, and 3, merits exploration in HCC.

Methods: This was a single-arm phase II trial of axitinib in advanced HCC.

Validation of the five-variable Model for End-stage Liver Disease (5vMELD) for prediction of mortality on the liver transplant waiting list.

Background: Modifications to the Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) have been proposed to improve prioritization of liver transplant (LT) candidates. Using a U.S.

Expanding the cleft phenotype: the dental characteristics of unaffected parents of Australian children with non-syndromic cleft lip and palate.

Background: The aetiology of isolated clefts of the lip and/or palate remains obscure. Unaffected family members are treated as if their genetic risks are equivalent and low. Given the number of genes associated with both clefting and dental anomalies, the hypothesis that such anomalies contribute to the cleft phenotype should be explored.

Rituximab for the treatment of patients with autoimmune hepatitis who are refractory or intolerant to standard therapy.

Background: Although most patients with autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) respond to treatment with prednisone and⁄or azathioprine, some patients are intolerant or refractory to standard therapy. Rituximab is an anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody that depletes B cells and has demonstrated efficacy in other autoimmune conditions.

Aims: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of rituximab in patients with refractory AIH in an open-label, single-centre pilot study.

Revision of MELD to include serum albumin improves prediction of mortality on the liver transplant waiting list.

Background: Allocation of donor livers for transplantation in most regions is based on the Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) or MELD-sodium (MELDNa). Our objective was to assess revisions to MELD and MELDNa that include serum albumin for predicting waiting list mortality.

Methods: Adults registered for liver transplantation in the United States (2002-2007) were identified from the United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS) database.

Modulation of high impulsivity and attentional performance in rats by selective direct and indirect dopaminergic and noradrenergic receptor agonists.

Rationale: Impulsivity is associated with a number of psychiatric disorders, most notably attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Drugs that augment catecholamine function (e.g.

Gender, renal function, and outcomes on the liver transplant waiting list: assessment of revised MELD including estimated glomerular filtration rate.

Background & Aims: The Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) allocation system for liver transplantation (LT) may present a disadvantage for women by including serum creatinine, which is typically lower in females. Our objectives were to investigate gender disparities in outcomes among LT candidates and to assess a revised MELD, including estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), for predicting waiting list mortality.

Methods: Adults registered for LT between 2002 and 2007 were identified using the UNOS database.

CX(3)CR1 and vascular adhesion protein-1-dependent recruitment of CD16(+) monocytes across human liver sinusoidal endothelium.

Unlabelled: The liver contains macrophages and myeloid dendritic cells (mDCs) that are critical for the regulation of hepatic inflammation. Most hepatic macrophages and mDCs are derived from monocytes recruited from the blood through poorly understood interactions with hepatic sinusoidal endothelial cells (HSECs). Human CD16(+) monocytes are thought to contain the precursor populations for tissue macrophages and mDCs.

An individual-based evolving predator-prey ecosystem simulation using a fuzzy cognitive map as the behavior model.

We present an individual-based predator-prey model with, for the first time, each agent behavior being modeled by a fuzzy cognitive map (FCM), allowing the evolution of the agent behavior through the epochs of the simulation. The FCM enables the agent to evaluate its environment (e.g.