Pediatric catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome with extensive skin involvement.

Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is a state of hypercoagulability due to persistent antiphospholipid antibodies (aPLs) in the blood. Catastrophic APS (CAPS) is a severe form with higher morbidity and mortality in which there occurs widespread thrombosis in multiple organs and hence warrants early diagnosis and aggressive management. We report a case of pediatric CAPS with extensive cutaneous involvement precipitated by infection successfully treated with the combination of high dose systemic corticosteroids, antibiotics, long-term anticoagulation, and wound care.

Cutaneous manifestations leading to a diagnosis of a case of severe disseminated histoplasmosis in a human immunodeficiency virus-positive child.

This 9-year-old boy who was human immunodeficiency virus positive since birth presented with raised skin lesions, breathlessness, and cough and was treated as a case of disseminated tuberculosis. When no improvement was seen, he was referred to the dermatologist whose examination revealed papulonodular lesions with crusting over the face and extremities. Based on clinical suspicion of histoplasmosis, investigations done revealed a CD4 count of 3 cells/μL and histopathological features of histoplasmosis along with the disseminated disease.

Subcutaneous entomophthoramycosis in a child presenting as panniculitis: a case report from Bihar, India.

A 5-year-boy from Bihar, India was admitted to a tertiary care hospital with painful swelling over both lower limbs and buttocks, which had been increasing progressively for the past 1 year. The condition was initially undiagnosed and was later misdiagnosed as non-infective panniculitis, delaying treatment. Subsequently, the patient was diagnosed with subcutaneous entomophthoramycosis caused by spp.