Adsorption efficiency of chitosan/clinoptilolite (CS/CZ) composite for effective removal of Cd and Cr ions from wastewater effluents of dairy cattle farms.

The wastewater effluent is responsible for the major ecological impact of the dairy sectors. To avoid the negative consequences of heavy metal pollution on the ecosystem, creative, affordable, and efficient treatment methods are now required before the effluent flows into the surrounding area. This study was aimed at assessing the effectiveness of three different adsorbents for Cd and Cr ions from wastewater effluents of dairy farms, including chitosan (CS), clinoptilolite zeolite (CZ), and chitosan/clinoptilolite zeolite (CS/CZ) composite.

Efficacy evaluation of hydrogen peroxide disinfectant based zinc oxide nanoparticles against diarrhea causing Escherichia coli in ruminant animals and broiler chickens.

Different strains of Escherichia coli that exhibit genetic characteristics linked to diarrhea pose a major threat to both human and animal health. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of pathogenic Escherichia coli (E. coli), the genetic linkages and routes of transmission between E.

An alternative approach for controlling bacterial pathogens in liquid and solid poultry waste using Calcium hypochlorite Ca(OCl) disinfectant-based silver nanoparticles.

Inappropriate handling of poultry waste from the beginning to the end of the production cycle could lead to health and environmental hazards. The purpose of this study was to assess the current state of poultry waste management practices as well as to evaluate the efficacy of disinfectants (VIRKON S, Quaternary ammonium compound (QAC), Calcium hypochlorite [Ca(OCl)], and nanomaterials (nano-silver particles (Ag NPs), and Ca(OCl)-Ag NPs composite) on pathogenic bacteria for use in the disinfection of waste collection areas within poultry operation systems. Two hundred and ten samples were gathered from variant waste types for isolation and identification of pathogenic bacteria.

Efficiency evaluation of some novel disinfectants and anti-bacterial nanocomposite on zoonotic bacterial pathogens in commercial Mallard duck pens for efficient control.

Objective: This work aimed to detect the frequency of pathogenic bacteria of zoonotic importance in ducks' dropping, their surrounding environment, and farmworkers in contact with them. Furthermore, the susceptibility pattern of isolated bacteria to antimicrobial drugs and the efficiency of disinfectants (CID 20, Durak plus, and hydrogen peroxide (HO), nano zinc oxide (ZnO NPs), and hydrogen peroxide loaded nano zinc oxide (HO/ZnO NPs) composites against isolated bacteria were evaluated.

Materials And Methods: A total of samples were collected from duck pens, including 35 fecal droppings, 200 environmental samples, and 36 from the hands of pen workers for isolation and identification of bacterial strains using standard microbiological procedures.

Exploitation of new approach to control of environmental pathogenic bacteria causing bovine clinical mastitis using novel anti-biofilm nanocomposite.

New approaches are required for prevention and control of biofilm-producing bacteria and consequently mitigating the health problems of bovine clinical mastitis. This work designed to determine prevalence rates of biofilm-producing bacteria that causing bovine clinical mastitis and evaluate the anti-biofilm effectiveness of novel nanocomposite of zinc-aluminum layered double hydroxide intercalated with gallic acid (GA) as chelating agent (Zn-Al LDH/GA) on the prevention and control of environmental pathogenic bacteria; Escherichia coli (E. coli), Klebsiella pneumoniae (K.

The prevalence of Campylobacter species in broiler flocks and their environment: assessing the efficiency of chitosan/zinc oxide nanocomposite for adopting control strategy.

There is a growing trend to implement biosecurity measures in small commercial broiler flocks and trying to replace ineffective antimicrobial with alternative materials to interevent a strategy for the control of Campylobacter bacteria in these farms. This study was designed to determine the prevalence rate of Campylobacter spp. in broiler flocks and their environment.

Acaricidal efficacy of deltamethrin-zinc oxide nanocomposite on Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) annulatus tick.

In the veterinary field, there is a great concern about the issue of acaricides resistance in cattle ticks. A comparative study was designed to evaluate the in vitro acaricidal efficacy of imidacloprid nano-emulsion, zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs), silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs), deltamethrin, deltamethrin-ZnO NPs, and deltamethrin-Ag NPs. In addition, the novel formulations of deltamethrin (deltamethrin-ZnO NPs and deltamethrin-Ag NPs) against Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) annulatus were also evaluated by in vivo animal efficacy trials.

Novel approach for controlling resistant Listeria monocytogenes to antimicrobials using different disinfectants types loaded on silver nanoparticles (AgNPs).

A combined use of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) with different types of disinfectants as antimicrobial might be useful in mitigating the problem of development of bacterial resistance with a strong enhancement of the biocidal effect of disinfectants. To evaluate the biocidal activity of silver nanoparticles and its loaded forms, five commercial disinfectants (quaternary ammonium compounds (benzalkonium chloride (BC) and TH), Virkon®S, sodium hypochlorite, and hydrogen peroxide (HO)) were used against Listeria monocytogenes (L. monocytogenes) isolates at different concentrations and exposure times to reveal intra-species variability and the percentage of resistance to antimicrobial agents used.

Resistance of bacterial pathogens to calcium hypochlorite disinfectant and evaluation of the usability of treated filter paper impregnated with nanosilver composite for drinking water purification.

Objectives: Innovative techniques are urgently required to remove pathogenic bacterial contamination of drinking water. This study aimed to evaluate the biocidal activity of calcium hypochlorite [Ca(OCl)], silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and Ca(OCl)/AgNPs composite against bacteria isolated from drinking water supplies (tap and hand pump water). A field trial was subsequently performed to evaluate the efficacy of a biocidal filter paper containing Ca(OCl)/AgNPs composite against existing pathogenic bacteria and indicator coliform bacteria.

Assessment of carbon nanotubes and silver nanoparticles loaded clays as adsorbents for removal of bacterial contaminants from water sources.

This work evaluated the antimicrobial efficacy of kaolin clay and its loaded forms with carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) against bacterial isolates from different water supplies (tap, underground and surface water) in addition to wastewater. A total of 160 water samples were collected from different water sources in the investigated districts. Samples were cultured for isolation and serological identification of pathogenic bacteria.

Ecological study on antimicrobial-resistant zoonotic bacteria transmitted by flies in cattle farms.

Flies were qualitatively and quantitatively monitored on both livestock animals and the surrounding environment to investigate their role as a potential carrier for antimicrobial-resistant bacteria of zoonotic importance in cattle farms. This was done by the use of visual observations and animal photography; meanwhile, in the surrounding environment, flies were collected using sticky cards and then microscopically identified. Representative fly samples were cultured for bacterial isolation, biochemical identification, and then tested against common 12 antibiotics.

Impact of Seasonal Conditions on Quality and Pathogens Content of Milk in Friesian Cows.

Heat stress negatively affects milk quality altering its nutritive value and cheese making properties. This study aimed at assessing the impact of seasonal microclimatic conditions on milk quality of Friesian cows. The study was carried out in a dairy farm from June 2013 to May 2014 at Beni-Suef province, Egypt.

Field study on evaluation of the efficacy and usability of two disinfectants for drinking water treatment at small cattle breeders and dairy cattle farms.

The hygienic quality of drinking water for cattle originated from different sources together with the efficacy and usability of two types of disinfectants against waterborne pathogens were assessed for small cattle breeders and dairy cattle farms. A total of 120 drinking water samples were collected from water troughs representing three different water sources commonly used for cattle drinking (tap, underground and surface water; n = 65, 25, and 30, respectively). Collected samples were cultured for isolation and identification of pathogenic bacteria using serological techniques and PCR.