The Prognostic Impact of SIRT1, STAT3, and YAP1 in Colorectal Carcinoma.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the most common gastrointestinal malignancy with a complicated behavior including relapse, metastasis, and development of resistance to chemotherapeutic drugs. Silent information regulator 2 homologue 1 (SIRT1), signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), and yes-associated protein (YAP) are cancer-related genes that have unclarified actions and even controversial roles in many human cancers including CRC. The current study aimed to evaluate the prognostic roles of SIRT1, STAT3, and YAP in CRC.

Immunohistochemical Expression of ROR2 in Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor.

Background: Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) are the most common mesenchymal tumors affecting the digestive tract, comprising approximately 0.1-3% of all gastrointestinal cancers. ROR2, a member of the receptor tyrosine kinase orphan receptor subfamily, functions as a signaling receptor for Wnt ligands.

The Role of Beclin 1 and HER2 in Colorectal Carcinoma; An Immunohistochemical Study.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the expression of Beclin 1 and HER2 proteins using immunohistochemistry in CRC tissues compared to colonic adenoma, and to investigate the correlation of their expression with clinicopathological parameters and survival outcomes in CRC patients.

Methods: The study utilized paraffin-embedded blocks from 17 colonic adenoma and 81 CRC cases. Immunohistochemical analysis was performed to assess the expression of Beclin 1 and HER2 proteins.

Role of Serine arginine protein kinase 1 and Minichromosome maintenance protein 2 in predicting epithelial ovarian cancer response to treatment and prognosis.

Background: Serine-Arginine (SR) proteins are a conserved family of proteins involved in RNA splicing and are reported to be over-expressed in multiple cancers. The aim of the study is evaluation of the expression of Serine arginine protein kinase 1 (SRPK1) and Minichromosome maintenance protein 2 (MCM2) in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) and their correlation with clinicopathological features, response to therapy, progression-free survival (PFS), and cancer-specific survival (CSS).

Methods: This study was carried out on surgical specimens of 65 patients diagnosed with EOC which were submitted to immunohistochemical staining by SRPK1 and MCM2 antibodies.

Impact of immunohistochemical expression of kinesin family member 18A (Kif18A) and β-catenin in infiltrating breast carcinoma of no special type.

Background: KIF18A is a regulator of the cell cycle that stimulates the proliferation of cancer cells. The Wnt/β-catenin pathway is involved in different issues' carcinogenesis and is being examined as a therapeutic target. The relationship between KIF18A and β-catenin in breast cancer was not previously investigated.

Could α MSH-MIFT Axis and IDH2 be Considered Promising Predictors of Non-segmental Vitiligo Response to NB-UVB Phototherapy?

Background: The search for objective factors that help in predicting the response of vitiligo treatment is very important.

Objective: We sought to evaluate the effect of NB-UVB phototherapy on both the alpha melanocyte stimulating hormone-microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (α-MSH-MIFT) axis, and isocitrate dehydrogenase 2 (IDH2) in non-segmental vitiligo (NSV).

Methods: This prospective clinical trial included 50 NSV patients and 50 healthy control subjects.

Impact of Conjugated Linoleic Acid on Obesity and Its Association with Macrophage Recruitment: Experimental and Immunohistochemical Study.

Background: Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) has been shown in humans and animals to have anti-adipose effects. The current study aims to assess the prophylactic and therapeutic impact of CLA and its effect on recruited macrophage type using immunohistochemistry against CD68 and CD 163.

Materials And Methods: Forty adult male albino rats of local strain were included in the study and divided into control, CLA-supplemented, obese, CLA-prophylactic obese, and CLA-treated obese groups.

The Prognostic Impact of Tumor Border Configuration, Tumor Budding and Tumor Stroma Ratio in Colorectal Carcinoma.

Objective: Tumor border configuration, tumor budding and tumor stroma ratio are reliable histopathological parameters that play a central role in the invasion-metastasis cascade. This study aimed to investigate the prognostic impact of these parameters and a new combined score in colorectal cancer.

Material And Method: A cohort of 103 colorectal cancer surgical specimens was retrospectively evaluated for tumor border configuration, tumor budding and tumor stroma ratio using H&E sections.

Expression Profile of Myoepithelial Cells in DCIS: Do They Change From Protective Angels to Wicked Witches?

The mechanism of transition of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) to invasive cancer is elusive but recently changes in the myoepithelial cells (MECs) have been implicated. The aim of this study is to investigate the changes in gene profile of MECs in DCIS that could compromise their tumor suppressor function leading to promotion of tumor progression. Immuno-laser capture microdissection (LCM) was used to isolate MECs from normal and DCIS breast tissues followed by whole genome expression profiling using Affymetrix HGU-133 plus2.

Does involucrin have a Role in Verruca Vulgaris? A Clinical and Immunohistochemical Study.

Introduction: Several modalities are used in the treatment of verrucae vulgaris; however, their side effects are common. Vitamin D3 has been recently used as a treatment in verruca vulgaris.

Aim Of The Work: We aimed to assess the expression of involucrin in verrucae before and after intralesional injection of vitamin D3 and its correlation with clinical response.

The role and relationship between programmed death ligand 1 and cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen-4 immunohistochemical expression in colorectal carcinoma patients: an impact on outcome.

Background: Globally, colorectal carcinoma (CRC) is the third most common cancer diagnosed in both men and women. Programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) and cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen-4 (CTLA-4) are immune checkpoints that induce tumour immune escape.

Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the immunohistochemical expression of PD-L1 and CTLA-4 in CRC and their relationship with clinicopathological parameters and survival data.

Immunohistochemical expression of SOX2 in non-melanoma skin cancer.

Background: Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) followed by squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) are the most common non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC). SOX2 is a transcription factor that acts on various phases of embryonic development and its overexpression in many tumors has been reported.

Aim: This work aimed to evaluate the possible role of SOX2 in pathogenesis of non-melanoma skin cancer through its immunohistochemical assessment in BCC and SCC compared to normal skin and correlating its expression with the established prognostic factors.

The clinical and pathological effectiveness of microneedling and topical 5-fluorouracil in vitiligo treatment: An association with matrix metalloproteinase 2 immunohistochemical expression.

Background: The current therapies for vitiligo require long duration with often disappointing outcomes. 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is a chemotherapeutic agent approved for topical use in the treatment of several dermatologic conditions. Matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2) is synthesized by keratinocytes during the epidermal remodeling process and has been found to help in melanocyte migration.

Stratification of urothelial bladder carcinoma depending on immunohistochemical expression of GATA3 and CK5/6.

Bladder urothelial carcinoma (BUC) has two pathways with distinct molecular features and prognosis, non-muscle invasive (NMI) and muscle invasive (MI) tumors. The aim is to investigate the expression of GATA3 and CK5/6 in BUC with correlation to clinicopathologic parameters, including their impact on survival beside their potential use to stratify cases into prognostic subgroups. This study included 80 cases of BUC stained immunohistochemically by GATA3 and CK5/6.

Effect of L-carnitine and atorvastatin on a rat model of ischemia-reperfusion injury of spinal cord.

Pro-inflammatory cytokines and reactive oxygen species (ROS) are produced in acute spinal cord injury, leading to myelin breakdown, inflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and apoptosis of neurons and glial cells. The aim of the present study was to investigate possible protective effects of L-carnitine (carn) or atorvastatin (ator) on spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). Rats were randomized into nine equal groups (n = 8): control and control taking carn (100 mg/kg BW), ator (2.

The significance of endocan immunohistochemical expression in chronic plaque psoriasis.

Background: Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease with immune-mediated mechanism. Endocan is a soluble dermatan sulfate proteoglycan expressed by endothelium of blood vessels.

Aims: The present study aims to evaluate immunohistochemical localization of endocan in psoriatic skin in comparison with normal skin and to correlate its expression with the clinical and pathological data of psoriasis.

Evaluation of the Langerhans cells role in vitiligo and its relationship to NB-UVB.

Background: Langerhans cells (LCs) are antigen-presenting cells that are characterized by CD1a and CD207/langerin expression. The disturbance in the communication network among keratinocytes, melanocytes, and antigen-presenting cells may be involved in vitiligo pathogenesis.

Aims: The current work aims to detect and quantify LCs in involved skin of patients affected by vitiligo before and after treatment with NB-UVB using CD1a immunohistochemistry, in addition to correlate percentage of LCs with the clinicopathological parameters.

Stratification of urinary bladder carcinoma based on immunohistochemical expression of CK5, CK14 and CK20.

Molecular subtyping of urothelial carcinoma (UC) is similar to that of breast cancer and is based on the developmental biology approach. The aim of the present study is to assess the prognostic impact of CK5, CK14, and CK20 expression in urinary bladder cancer (UBC) with the potential to stratify them into different subtypes. The current study examined the immunohistochemical expression of CK5, CK14, and CK20 in 90 specimens of UBC.

Correlation between immunohistochemical expression of Ki-67and P63 and aggressiveness of urinary bladder urothelial carcinoma.

Urothelial carcinoma is the most common urinary malignancy with a wide proportion of cancer morbidity and mortality. The aim of the present study is to evaluate Ki-67 and p63 immunoexpression and their correlation with grade and stage of bladder urothelial carcinoma. Fifty cases of bladder urothelial carcinoma were investigated and were submitted to immunohistochemical staining for p63 and Ki-67, which were assessed qualitatively and quantitatively.

Case Report: Multifocal non-invasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary-like nuclear features presenting in a female child.

Non-invasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary-like nuclear features (NIFTP) was introduced as a separate entity by the World Health Organization in 2017 with strict inclusion and exclusion criteria.  Most NIFTP cases have been reported in adults and few cases have been diagnosed in children. Here, we present a classic case of NIFTP affecting a 10-year old female child.

The Profile and Role of Tumor-infiltrating Lymphocytes in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: An Immunohistochemical Study.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary malignant tumor of the liver. Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) are a class of cells that form the tumor microenvironment and thus have an effect on carcinogenesis. The aim of this study was to investigate the immunohistochemical expression of CD8, CD4, cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated protein-4 (CTLA-4), and granzyme B in HCC and their correlation with clinicopathologic parameters and prognosis.

Immunohistochemical expression of BCAP 31 in chronic plaque psoriasis.

Psoriasis is a common chronic skin inflammatory disease characterized by an exaggerated proliferation of keratinocytes. B-cell receptor-associated protein 31 (BCAP 31) plays critical roles in induction of proliferation and apoptosis. The current study aimed at evaluation of the immunohistochemical localization of BCAP 31 in psoriatic skin compared to normal skin in addition of correlating BCAP31 expression with the clinical and pathological parameters of psoriasis.

Tumour-infiltrating Langerhans cells in non-melanoma skin cancer, a clinical and immunohistochemical study.

Non-melanoma skin cancer, including basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) represents 78.5% of all skin malignant tumours in Egypt. Dendritic cells can be found in almost all human tumours, they play an important role in antitumour immunity.