Dysregulation of Agmatine Deiminase Expression in Alzheimer's Disease.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most prevalent neurodegenerative disorder, with a significant burden on global health. AD is characterized by a progressive cognitive decline and memory loss. Emerging research suggests a potential link between periodontitis, specifically the presence of oral bacteria such as (), and AD progression.

Pharmacological Management for Pediatric Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Review.

Irritable bowel syndrome is a multifactorial disease with chronic symptoms that interfere with the quality of life of patients. It represents one of the most common causes of functional abdominal pain in the pediatric population. Various theses with little evidence tried to explain the pathophysiology of the disease.

Clinical Assessment of Soluble FMS-Like Tyrosine Kinase-1/Placental Growth Factor Ratio for the Diagnostic and the Prognosis of Preeclampsia in the Second Trimester.

Background: Preeclampsia is one of the most common and serious complications of pregnancy. Various reports have demonstrated that disturbances in angiogenic and antiangiogenic factors are implicated in its pathogenesis and have possible relevance in its diagnosis and prognosis.

Methods: In this case-control study, we enrolled 73 patients with 34 preeclamptic cases diagnosed according to clinical criteria and dosing of proteinuria.

Mesenteric Defect with Internal Herniation: A Rare Cause of Bowel Obstruction in Newborn.

Herniation through a congenital mesenteric defect is a rare cause of intestinal obstruction in the newborn. Early diagnosis and surgical treatment improves the prognosis. We present a case of a full-term infant who presented with respiratory distress at birth.

Predictors of Mortality in Mechanically Ventilated Critical Pertussis in a low Income Country.

Background: Critical pertussis is characterized by severe respiratory failure, important leukocytosis, pulmonary hypertension, septic shock and encephalopathy.

Aim: To describe the clinical course of critical pertussis, and identify predictors of death at the time of presentation for medical care.

Methodology: Retrospective study conducted in children's hospital Tunisian PICU between 01 January and 31 October 2013.

Findings of the International Nosocomial Infection Control Consortium (INICC), part III: effectiveness of a multidimensional infection control approach to reduce central line-associated bloodstream infections in the neonatal intensive care units of 4 developing countries.

Objective: To analyze the impact of the International Nosocomial Infection Control Consortium (INICC) multidimensional infection control approach to reduce central line-associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI) rates.

Setting: Four neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) of INICC member hospitals from El Salvador, Mexico, Philippines, and Tunisia.

Patients: A total of 2,241 patients hospitalized in 4 NICUs for 40,045 bed-days.

Community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections requiring admission to a Tunisian pediatric intensive care unit.

Background: There is limited literature describing severe community acquired methicillin-resistant S aureus (CA-MRSA) in children admitted to an intensive care unit.

Aim: To review clinical features and outcome of children admitted in a Tunisian pediatric intensive care with CA-MRSA.

Methods: Retrospective chart review of patients coded for CAMRSA over 10 years.

Lidocaine toxicity secondary to local anesthesia administered in the community for elective circumcision.

We report three previously healthy infants aged, respectively, 23 days, 6 weeks, and 3 months with systemic lidocaine toxicity following administration of subcutaneous lidocaine for regional anesthesia during an elective circumcision. The patients developed a generalized seizure requiring endotracheal intubation but recovered fully with supportive care. We report the clinical details of these cases as well as a review of lidocaine toxicity.

International Nosocomial Infection Control Consortium (INICC) report, data summary of 36 countries, for 2004-2009.

The results of a surveillance study conducted by the International Nosocomial Infection Control Consortium (INICC) from January 2004 through December 2009 in 422 intensive care units (ICUs) of 36 countries in Latin America, Asia, Africa, and Europe are reported. During the 6-year study period, using Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN; formerly the National Nosocomial Infection Surveillance system [NNIS]) definitions for device-associated health care-associated infections, we gathered prospective data from 313,008 patients hospitalized in the consortium's ICUs for an aggregate of 2,194,897 ICU bed-days. Despite the fact that the use of devices in the developing countries' ICUs was remarkably similar to that reported in US ICUs in the CDC's NHSN, rates of device-associated nosocomial infection were significantly higher in the ICUs of the INICC hospitals; the pooled rate of central line-associated bloodstream infection in the INICC ICUs of 6.

Community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections in a pediatric intensive care unit.

Introduction: Community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) infection is an increasing problem worldwide. In developing countries, there is little data on CA-MRSA infection in children. This study reviewed the clinical features and outcomes of children admitted in a Tunisian pediatric intensive care unit with severe CA-MRSA infections.

Management of meconium aspiration syndrome with highfrequency oscillatory ventilation.

Background: High-frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV) has been advocated for use to improve lung inflation while potentially decreasing lung injury. There were few data on the early use of HFOV in hypoxemic term neonates.

Aim: To evaluate the effectiveness of HFOV, used as the initial mode of ventilation, in neonates with severe meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS).

Datura stramonium L. poisoning in a geophagous child: a case report.

Datura stramonium L. (DS) is a wild-growing plant widely distributed and easily accessible. It contains a variety of toxic anticholinergic alkaloids such as atropine, hyoscamine, and scopolamine.

Toxic epidermal necrolysis complicated by small bowel intussusception: a case report.

Intestinal involvement in toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) has been identified only rarely. We report a case of TEN complicated by small bowel intussusception. The patient was a previously healthy 8-year-old boy who presented with TEN and extensive lesions, including up to 40% of the body surface area as well as conjunctival, oropharyngeal, respiratory, and genital mucosa.

Multifocal atrial tachycardia: an unusual cause of cardiogenic shock in a newborn.

Background: Chaotic or multifocal atrial tachycardia (MAT) is a rare tachyarrhythmia in children, accounting for less than 1% of supraventricular tachycardia seen in childhood. The majority of children with MAT are healthy; a few may exhibit mild to life threatening cardiorespiratory disease.

Aim: To report a new case of MAT revealed by a severe respiratory distress and cardiogenic shock.

Hepatorenal injury induced by cutaneous application of Atractylis gummifera L.

Introduction: In Mediterranean countries, intoxication by Atractylis gummifera L. is frequent and characterized principally by hepatorenal injury, often fatal. Its toxicity after a cutaneous application is unknown.

[Acute respiratory distress syndrome in infants at term and near term about 23 cases].

Aim: to precise the incidence of acute respiratory distress syndrome in infants at term and near term and the clinical characteristics of this disease not yet well recognised.

Methods: Retrospective study of the medical records of infants admitted in the paediatric intensive care unit for ARDS along a period of 4 years. Diagnosis of ARDS was based on the following criterias: (1) Gestational age > or =35 weeks of gestation; (2) Severe and immediate respiratory distress requiring mechanical ventilation with PEEP > or =4 cmH2O and FiO2 > or = 0.

Epidemiology of hospital-acquired bloodstream infections in a Tunisian pediatric intensive care unit: a 2-year prospective study.

Background: There are few data providing rates of nosocomial bloodstream infections (NBI) in pediatric intensive care patients from developing regions of the world.

Objectives: To describe the epidemiology of NBI in a Tunisian pediatric intensive care unit (PICU).

Methods: A prospective surveillance study from January 2004 through December 2005 was performed in the PICU of the Children's Hospital of Tunis.

[Management of purpura fulminans apropos of 21 cases: diagnostic delay and therapeutic problems].

Aim: To evaluate the diagnostic delay and therapeutic insufficiencies delay before the transfer in ICU of the children admitted in the ICU of the children's hospital of Tunis with a purpura fulminans (PF).

Methods: A retrospective, descriptive study, of children with PF referred between January 2000 and January 2006 to a the paediatric intensive care unit (PICU) of the children's hospital of Tunis. The PF diagnosis was retained in any child presenting a feverish purpura and circulatory insufficiency signs.

High-frequency oscillatory ventilation in term and near-term infants with acute respiratory failure: early rescue use.

This study describes a high-frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV) protocol for term and near-term infants with acute respiratory failure (ARF) and reports results of its prospective application. Neonates, with gestational age >or= 34 weeks, were managed with HFOV, if required, on conventional ventilation (CV), a fraction of inspired oxygen (F IO(2)) 0.5, and a mean airway pressure > 10 cm H (2)O to maintain adequate oxygenation or a peak inspiratory pressure > 24 cm H (2)O to maintain tidal volume between 5 and 7 mL/kg of body weight.

High-frequency oscillatory ventilation in pediatric patients with acute respiratory failure.

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of high-frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV) in pediatric patients with acute respiratory failure, failing conventional ventilation.

Design: A prospective, clinical study.

Setting: Tertiary care pediatric intensive care unit.