Exenatide, a GLP-1 analog, has healing effects on LPS-induced autism model: Inflammation, oxidative stress, gliosis, cerebral GABA, and serotonin interactions.

Previous studies have established anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and neuroprotective effects of Exenatide in the central nervous system. Since these mechanisms are thought to have important roles in the pathophysiology of autism, we hypothesized that Exenatide may have healing effects in autism. We tested this hypothesis by examining the effects of Exenatide in an experimental autism model created by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) exposure in the womb, with behavioral tests, histopathological examinations, and biochemical measurements.

Small fiber neuropathy and related factors in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus; the results of cutaneous silent period and skin biopsy.

Introduction: Evaluating small nerve fibers in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) using cutaneous silent period (CSP) and skin biopsy and assesssing the relationship between clinical signs, autoantibodies and neuropathic pain score.

Objective - Methods: Fifty one SLE patients and 46 healthy volunteers were included in this study. Nerve conduction studies and CSP were performed both on upper and lower limbs in subjects.

Effects of CHADS2 score, echocardiographic and haematologic parameters on stroke severity and prognosis in patients with stroke due to nonvalvular atrial fibrillation.

Background And Purpose: The aim of this study is to evaluate utility of CHADS2 score to estimate stroke severity and prognosis in patients with ischemic stroke due to non-valvular atrial fibrillation (AF) in addition to evaluate effects of hematologic and echocardiographic findings on stroke severity and prognosis.

Methods: This prospective study included 156 ischemic stroke cases due to non-valvular AF in neurology ward of Trakya University Medical School between March 2013-March 2015. National Institute of Health Stroke (NIHS) score was used to evaluate severity of stroke at admission.

Lumbar Opening Pressure and Radiologic Scoring in Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension: Is There Any Correlation?

Background: To investigate correlation between lumbar opening pressure (LOP) and radiological scores based on cranial MRI and contrast-enhanced MR venography in patients with idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH).

Material/methods: Patients with IIH who underwent brain MRI and contrast-enhanced MR venography before measurement of LOP between 2010-2014 were evaluated retrospectively. Three experienced radiologists (blinded to LOP values) evaluated a total of 51 patients.

Neuroprotective effects of octreotide on diabetic neuropathy in rats.

The purpose of the present study is to investigate the possible healing effects of octreotide (OCT) on motor performance, electrophysiological and histopathological findings of diabetic neuropathy in a rat model of diabetes mellitus (DM). To induce diabetes, rats were administered a single dose (60mg/kg) of streptozotocin (STZ). Diabetic rats were treated either with saline (1ml/kg/day, n=7) or OCT (0.

Vitreous humor diffusion measurements from diffusionweighted imaging in idiopathic intracranial hypertension.

Background And Purpose: Idiopathic intracranial hypertension is a disease with uncertain etiology. It is not caused by an intracranial mass lesion or hydrocephalus and is characterized by abnormal elevation of intracranial pressure and normal composition of the cerebrospinal fluid. The orbita and intracranial area are closely related anatomically.

Investigation of Nerve Conduction Studies of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Cases With Different Risk Factors: An Electrodiagnostic Study.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine whether there are electrodiagnostic differences between carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) patients with diabetes mellitus, CTS + hypothyroidism (HT), CTS + fibromyalgia syndrome, CTS + rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and idiopathic CTS cases, by comparing nerve conduction studies.

Methods: This research examined electrophysiologic studies of 47 untreated HT + CTS, 47 diabetes mellitus + CTS, 49 RA + CTS, 52 fibromyalgia syndrome + CTS, 50 idiopathic CTS cases, and a healthy control group of 50 individuals (a total of 293 patients and 433 hands with CTS).

Results: There were no significant differences between the groups in terms of sex and age.

A comparison of risk factors and prognosis between intra and extracranial acute atherosclerotic stroke in the Turkish population: a prospective study.

Background: The aim of this study was to compare the differences in risk factors and prognosis between acute stroke caused by definitive intracranial atherosclerosis (ICAS) or extracranial atherosclerosis (ECAS) in the Turkısh population.

Methods: This study was prospectively designed in a single centre and conducted with patients who were hospitalised due to acute ischaemic stroke. Inclusion criteria were the diagnosis of atherosclerotic ischaemic stroke, defined as more than 50% stenosis or occlusion in the arterial structure supplying the ischaemic area, having excluded other possible causes.

Spontaneous intracranial hypotension presenting with coma: a case report and literature review.

Spontaneous intracranial hypotension is characterized by orthostatic headache in the absence of a history of head trauma or lumbar puncture, and diagnosis is confirmed by a specific cerebrospinal fluid pressure and neuroimaging findings. It rarely presents with coma. A 62-year-old man presented with progressive cognitive decline of 2 to 4 weeks' duration.

Extraspinal Incidental Findings on Routine MRI of Lumbar Spine: Prevalence and Reporting Rates in 1278 Patients.

Objective: The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence and reporting rate of incidental findings (IF) in adult outpatients undergoing lumbar magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Materials And Methods: Re-evaluation of a total of 1278 lumbar MRI images (collected from patients with a mean age of 50.5 years, range 16-91 years) captured between August 2010-August 2011 was done by a neuroradiologist and a musculoskeletal radiologist.

Increased frequency of restless leg syndrome in patients with ankylosing spondylitis.

Objective: To assess the prevalence of restless leg syndrome (RLS) in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and to investigate factors potentially associated with RLS.

Methods: One hundred and thirty patients diagnosed with AS according to modified New York criteria and 91 age- and sex-matched healthy control subjects were included in this study. The diagnosis of RLS was made according to the criteria of the International RLS Study Group.

Pruritus: do Aδ fibers play a role?

Neuropathological and molecular basis of pruritus has not been clarified and the presence of certain specific neural circuits have been proposed. Our aim in this study was to evaluate the role of Aδ fibers in the neural circuits of pruritus by cutaneous silent period (CSP). Thirty-six patients with chronic idiopathic generalized pruritus and 32 healthy controls were enrolled in the study.

R-R interval variation and sympathetic skin response in systemic lupus erythematosus.

The involvement of the autonomic nervous system is less common than that of the central and peripheral nervous system in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients. However, its involvement can negatively affect the quality of life of the patient and cause life-threatening situations. In this study, autonomic function was evaluated in SLE patients who did not show any sign of autonomic involvement using R-R interval variation (RRIV) and sympathetic skin response (SSR) electrophysiological tests.

Migraine headache triggered specifically by sunlight: report of 16 cases.

Migraine headaches may take place due to various triggering factors. One or more triggering factors can be detected in a migraine patient. To our knowledge, a factor that is known to trigger migraine attacks in a patient does not cause headache each time the patient is exposed to it.

Evaluation of the effects of sildenafil citrate (viagra) on vertebral artery blood flow in patients with vertebro-basilar insufficiency.

Objective: To investigate the effects of sildenafil citrate (Viagra) on the vertebral artery blood flow of patients with vertebro-basilar insufficiency (VBI) using color duplex sonography (CDS).

Materials And Methods: The study included 21 patients with VBI (aged 31-76; mean 61.0 +/- 10.

The evaluation of cognitive functions with P300 test for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients in attack and stable period.

Objectives: Hypoxia, in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), leads to a decrease in cerebral perfusion and an impairment of some cognitive abilities. We aimed to investigate the relation between arterial blood gas analysis (ABA) and pulmonary function test (PFT) parameters with cognitive function of COPD patients during attack and stable period.

Patients And Methods: ABA, PFT, P300 tests of 30 patients in stabilized period and 30 patients in attack, and 17 healthy controls were evaluated.

Patients with multiple sclerosis have higher levels of serum ghrelin.

In addition to metabolic and neuroendocrine actions, the recently discovered hormone ghrelin has been found to have inhibitory effects on inflammatory processes. This novel finding suggests possible involvement of the peptide in the pathogenesis of inflammatory disorders including the inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system, multiple sclerosis (MS). The aim of the present study was to evaluate serum ghrelin levels in patients with MS.

Venlafaxine versus amitriptyline in the prophylactic treatment of migraine: randomized, double-blind, crossover study.

In patients with migraine with or without aura the prophylactic effect of amitriptyline (AMT) and venlafaxine (VLF) was compared in a randomized double-blind crossover study. Intolerable side effects resulted in drop out of five patients on AMT (due to hypersomnia, difficulty in concentration and orthostatic hypotension) and one patient on VLF (because of nausea and vomiting). Following the run-in period the patients (n = 52) were randomly treated with one of the study medications for 12 weeks.