Retropharyngeal carotid body tumor: A challenge in terms of surgical technicality.

Introduction And Importance: Carotid body tumors are rare neoplasms originating from neural crest cells, commonly presenting as a painless, slow-growing mass in the lateral neck. The retropharyngeal variant of these tumors is particularly uncommon, with an incidence of approximately 2.6 %.

Comparison of Ultrasound-Guided Superior Laryngeal Nerve Block with the Traditional Method for Direct Laryngoscopic Biopsy of Supraglottic Masses: A Clinical Trial.

Background: A bilateral superior laryngeal nerve block (SLNB) can provide complete anesthesia for laryngeal sampling and by providing this block we can manage the biopsy of supraglottic masses without the complications of general anesthesia.

Objectives: This study aimed to compare 2 superior laryngeal nerve block (SLNB) methods using ultrasound and the traditional method for direct laryngoscopic surgery for the biopsy of supraglottic masses.

Methods: In this single-blind clinical trial, 50 patients undergoing supraglottic laryngeal mass biopsy under direct laryngoscopy were divided into 2 groups.

Assessment of Human Leukocyte Antigen Differences between Smokers with Reinke's Edema and Those with Laryngeal Cancer.

Introduction: The present study aimed to assess human leukocyte antigen (HLA) typing differences between smokers with Reinke's edema and those with laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC).

Materials And Methods: The HLA class I, II alleles were examined in 76 unrelated Iranian patients using low-resolution polymerase chain reaction with the sequence-specific primer (PCR-SSP) method.

Results: The frequency of the HLA-A*36 allele and HLA-B*35 was significantly higher in patients with SCC.

Molecular Characterization of Fungal Colonization on the Provox™ Tracheoesophageal Voice Prosthesis in Post Laryngectomy Patients.

Background: Tracheoesophageal voice prostheses (TVPs) have been the gold standard in rehabilitation, after laryngectomy, producing faster and premier voicing towards esophageal speech. Fungal colonization shortens the device's lifetime and leads to prosthesis dysfunction, leakage, and subsequent respiratory infection. Therefore, in the current study, we aimed to investigate the fungal colonization patterns and to propose prophylactic measures that shall increase the longevity of voice prosthesis.

Use of Supraclavicular Flap by End to Side Technique in Pharyngeal SCC: A Case Report and Review of Literature.

Objectives: In recent years, conservation laryngeal surgeries, including partial pharyngectomy, have been introduced as an alternative procedure for selected cases of hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (HSCC). Reconstruction of these defects presents a considerable challenge for the surgeon after partial pharyngectomy due to its circumferential nature. In this case report, we represent the innovative "End to side" technique to reconstruct hypopharyngeal defect using the rolled supraclavicular flap after laryngeal-preserving partial pharyngectomy.

Anesthesia for laryngotracheal reconstruction in a child with single ventricle.

The number of children with congenital heart requiring anesthetic care is increasing. We describe the anesthetic management of a child with single ventricle candidate for laryngotracheal reconstruction. The patient suffered from severe subglottic stenosis due to prolonged intubation following Glenn shunt procedure.

Gastric pull-up with laryngeal preservation of the primary synovial sarcoma of the esophagus: A case report.

In patients who require a gastric pull-up, despite bilateral injury to the vocal cords and regurgitation, preservation of the larynx can improve their quality of life.

Emergency Tracheostomy in Two Airway Trauma Patients Suspected of COVID-19: A Case Report.

Coronavirus disease 2019, known as COVID-19, was first identified in Wuhan, China, in December 2019 and became a pandemic on Mar 11, according to the World Health Organization report. In the epidemic of COVID-19, many patients admitted to hospitals for other reasons may be silent carriers of COVID-19 and have the risk of infecting medical personnel. Thus, meticulous personal protection measures should be considered in suspicious patients, especially when close contact with the patient's airway is anticipated.

Transoral Laser-Assisted Total Laryngectomy: Expanding the TLM's World.

Introduction: The introduction of laryngeal transoral procedures has created a shift in the treatment of laryngeal cancers towards the primary surgical management of patients. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the safety, efficacy, and feasibility of the transoral laser-assisted total laryngectomy (TLM-TL) in advanced laryngeal cancer. .

Effect of Low-Pressure Drainage Suction on Pharyngocutaneous Fistula After Total Laryngectomy.

Objective: Pharyngocutaneous fistula (PCF) is one of the most severe multifactorial complications following laryngectomy. The current study aimed at determining the effect of a low-pressure vacuum drain on the incidence of PCF after total laryngectomy.

Methods: The current randomized clinical trial was conducted on 35 patients undergoing total laryngectomy in Hazrat Rasoul Akram and Firoozgar hospitals in Tehran, Iran.

"End to Side Technique": More organ preservation with less morbidity in patients with pyriform sinus apex SCC.

Introduction: Hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is rare, but highly aggressive. Due to the advanced stage of this cancer at the time of diagnosis, radical surgery with reconstruction of pharynx is the standard care with high morbidity and mortality rate. A safer partial pharyngectomy could also be used for invasive hypopharyngeal cancer.

Local eosinophils are associated with increased IgA subclass levels in the sinonasal mucosa of chronic rhinosinusitis with polyp patients.

Background: Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) describes an inflammatory condition affecting the sinonasal mucosa. As the immune system players such as immunoglobulins play prominent roles in the development of CRS, we aimed to investigate the expression of IgA subclasses and factors involved in IgA class switching in the sinonasal mucosa of CRS patients.

Methods: Specimens were collected from the sinonasal mucosa of the healthy controls and CRS patients.

Isolated laryngeal sarcoidosis.

To improve diagnosis and treatment of laryngeal sarcoidosis, we present a rare case of upper airway obstruction of unclear aetiology, with life-threatening complication.The patient was a 19-year boy who presented with progressive severe dyspnoea for eight months. After extensive diagnostic evaluations with no conclusive diagnosis, biopsy showed non-caseating granulomatous inflammation consistent with laryngeal sarcoidosis that was treated with a CO laser attached to a microscope.

Comparison of the Effects of Propofol and Sevoflurane on QT Interval in Pediatrics Undergoing Cochlear Implantation: A Randomized Clinical Trial Study.

Background: Children with sensorineural hearing loss are at risk of cardiac electrophysiologic abnormalities. Inhalational Sevoflurane induction in these children can cause QT prolongation.

Objectives: In order to evaluate the safety of inhalational induction of anesthesia with sevoflurane in children with sensorineural hearing loss, who are candidates for cochlear implant, its electrophysiologic effects was compared with intravenous induction of anesthesia with propofol.

Diagnostic Value of Diffusion Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Evaluation of Metastatic Neck Lymph Nodes in Head and Neck Cancer: A Sample of Iranian Patient.

Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic value of DWI in assessment of metastatic neck lymph node in a sample of Iranian patients with Head and Neck cancer. Methods: 25 patients with 80 neck lymph nodes were analyzed using 1.5 T MRI.

Levels of total IgA and IgA subclasses in the serum of chronic rhinosinusitis patients.

Different inflammatory mechanisms take part in the immunopathogenesis of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). Immunoglobulin (Ig) A is the first-line defense in the airway tracts and other mucosal sites, but little is reported regarding its serum level in CRS patients. The purpose of current study is to determine the serum levels of total IgA, and its subclasses (IgA1, and IgA2) in CRS with nasal polyps (CRSwNP), CRS without nasal polyps (CRSsNP), and control groups.

Frequency of CD4 and CD8 T cells in Iranian chronic rhinosinusitis patients.

Background: Chronic Rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a persistent inflammatory disease affecting paranasal sinuses. CRS is categorized into two distinct subgroups defined as CRS with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) and CRS without nasal polyps (CRSsNP). Although several immune cells are involved in the CRS pathogenesis, the role of T cells is not fully understood.

Transtympanic Injections of N-acetylcysteine and Dexamethasone for Prevention of Cisplatin-Induced Ototoxicity: Double Blind Randomized Clinical Trial.

Objective: Cisplatin is a potent chemotherapeutic agent that is used against a variety of tumors. The most common side effect of cisplatin is ototoxicity. This dose-related hearing impairment is high frequency, bilateral, and permanent.

Chondroradionecrosis of the Larynx in a Patient with Laryngeal: A Case Report.

Introduction: Actinomycosis of the larynx has been rarely reported in the literature and usually occurs in patients with a history of laryngeal carcinoma and radiation therapy. However, its co-existence with chondroradionecrosis due to radiotherapy is even rarer. The most common site of infection is the cervicofacial region, especially in the submandibular area.

Tapia's Syndrome after Corrective Jaw Surgery under General Anesthesia: A Case Report.

Introduction: Tapia's syndrome is a rare complication of recurrent laryngeal and hypoglossal nerve paralysis due to anesthetic airway mismanagement or malpositioning of the patient's head during surgery.

Case Report: Here we present a case of Tapia's syndrome in a 22-year-old male after corrective jaw surgery under general anesthesia, with a long period of recovery, related to airway management procedures and/or overstretching of the neck during positioning for surgery.

Conclusion: Although it is a rare condition, every surgeon should be aware of Tapia's syndrome in order to consider the correct positioning of the head and endotracheal tube during surgery and avoid this complication.

Fraser syndrome with laryngeal webs: Report of two cases and a review of the literature.

Fraser syndrome is a rare genetic disorder characterized by cryptophthalmos, syndactyly and laryngeal atresia. Although laryngeal webs occur uncommonly, they are the main cause of death in the first week of life in these patients. In this paper, we report two cases of Fraser syndrome with laryngeal webs.

A Comparison Between Two Methods of Face-Lift Surgery in Nine Cadavers: SMAS (Superficial Musculo-Aponeurotic System) Versus MACS (Minimal Access Cranial Suspension).

Background: This study aimed to compare the average amounts of facial skin and muscle lifting in two different face-lift methods, superficial musculo-aponeurotic system (SMAS) plication and minimal access cranial suspension (MACS), to evaluate the effectiveness of each method in facial excursion.

Methods: Thirty-six face-lift surgeries were performed on nine cadavers between October and December 2010. Both SMAS and MACS surgeries were done on each side of the cadaver faces.

An epidemiologic study of factors associated with nasal septum deviation by computed tomography scan: a cross sectional study.

Background: Sinusitis is an inflammation of the paranasal sinuses that can be caused by anatomic variations of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. In this study we aimed to find the relationship between sinusitis and septal deviation (SeD) and concha bullosa.

Methods: Two trained resident of ENT evaluated sinus CT scans of 463 cases presenting with nasal obstruction or chronic sinusitis symptoms from April 2011 to December 2011.

Porous high-density polyethylene in facial reconstruction and revision rhinoplasty: a prospective cohort study.

Introduction: Initial methods which used human tissues as reconstruction materials caused different problems including rejection, limited shapes and infection. In 1970s, PHDPE (Medpor®) was introduced by its exclusive advantageous including no donor site morbidity, easily shaped and the minimal foreign body reaction. Hereby, we report our experience of using Medpor® in facial reconstruction especially in frontal reconstruction and orbital rim with a large sample size.