A pharmacist-led intervention of dispensing naloxone to a patient population at risk of opioid-related harm.

Background: Even though pharmacists are fully capable of dispensing naloxone under protocols, there are barriers perceived by pharmacists, such as determining which patients are at high-risk.

Objective(s): The study objectives were to 1) determine the impact of pharmacist-led identification of patients at a high-risk of opioid-related harm and pharmacist intervention by providing naloxone counseling; and 2) identify patient-reported barriers for receiving naloxone recommended by pharmacists under the Missouri Standing Protocol.

Methods: Pharmacists developed a standardized process in their workflow to identify patients at high-risk of opioid-related harm defined by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention guidelines, and attempted to call the patient prior to the patient's arrival to counsel the patient on naloxone.

Towards a social harm approach in drug policy.

In this paper, we explore how the social harm approach can be adapted within drug policy scholarship. Since the mid-2000s, a group of critical criminologists have moved beyond the concept of crime and criminology, towards the study of social harm. This turn proceeds decades of research that highlights the inequities within the criminal legal system, the formation of laws that protect the privileged and punish the disadvantaged, and the systemic challenge of the effectiveness of retribution and punishment at addressing harm in the community.

Hymenopteran parasitoids reared from European gall midges (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae).

We report the results of investigations 2010 through 2023 of hymenopteran parasitoids associated with gall midges in Europe. A total of 242 collections of gall midges were made, from each of which one to several parasitoid species emerged, resulting in ca. 200 recorded parasitoid species and 267 host-parasitoid interaction records.

Executive Function as a Predictor of Pain Perception in Healthy Young Adults.

Objective: Pain's impact on executive function is understood and specific cognitive abilities may contribute to coping with pain, though past work is confounded by chronic pain populations. This study aims to understand how executive functioning may predict the experience of pain among healthy adults. It was hypothesized that poorer executive functioning would predict more intense pain perception.

When self-direction meets conformity: Surfacing Schwartz's 10 basic human values in drug policy dialogue with lived/living experience participants.

Background: Research on values is gaining in popularity within drug policy scholarship. To date, research has focused on analysing values within policy, through documentary analysis and interviews with key stakeholders. We extend this research enquiry to investigate the values that emerge from drug policy debate with those who have lived and/or living experience of using drugs.

Mild Cognitive Impairment Subtype Performance in Comparison to Healthy Older Controls on the NIH Toolbox and Cogstate.

Background: Early detection is necessary for the treatment of dementia. Computerized testing has become more widely used in clinical trials; however, it is unclear how sensitive these measures are to early signs of neurodegeneration. We investigated the use of the NIH Toolbox-Cognition (NIHTB-CB) and Cogstate-Brief computerized neuropsychological batteries in the identification of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) versus healthy older adults [healthy control (HC)] and amnestic (aMCI) versus nonamnestic MCI (naMCI).

Conspiracy thinking and the long historical shadow of Romanticism on authoritarian politics.

Background: Similar effect sizes have been reported for the effects of conspiracy, pseudoscientific, and paranormal beliefs on authoritarian attitudes, which points to a conceptual problem at the heart of the conspiracy literature, namely lack of clarity as to what uniquely defines conspiracy beliefs and whether those unique elements contribute distinctly to authoritarian ideologies. To our knowledge, this is the first study to test empirically the predictive power of variance unique to each construct against covariance shared among these constructs when predicting authoritarian and anti-democratic attitudes.

Methods: Online survey was administered to 314 participants in 2021 that included a battery of demographic and psychological measures.

Development of an item bank for measuring prosthetic mobility in people with lower limb amputation: The Prosthetic Limb Users Survey of Mobility (PLUS-M).

Background: Achieving mobility with a prosthesis is a common post-amputation rehabilitation goal and primary outcome in prosthetic research studies. Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) available to measure prosthetic mobility have practical and psychometric limitations that inhibit their use in clinical care and research.

Objective: To develop a brief, clinically meaningful, and psychometrically robust PROM to measure prosthetic mobility.

Altered biomechanical strategies of the paretic hip and knee joints during a step-up task.

Background: Stroke often leads to chronic motor impairments in the paretic lower limb that can constrain lower extremity movement and negatively impact the ability to navigate stairs or curbs. This cross-sectional study investigated the differences in hip and knee biomechanical strategies during a step-up task between five adults with hemiparetic stroke and five age-matched adults without stroke.

Methods: Participants were instructed to step up onto a 10.

Association of Chronic Pancreatitis Pain Features With Physical, Mental, and Social Health.

Background And Aims: Pain is a cardinal symptom of chronic pancreatitis (CP). Using Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) measures, we characterized physical and mental health and symptom profiles of a well-defined cohort of individuals with CP and compared them with control subjects. Among patients with CP, we also examined associations between pain (intensity, temporal nature) and PROMIS symptom profiles and the prevalence of clinically significant psychological comorbidities.

The importance of PEOPLE who use drugs within drug policy reform debates: Findings from the UK Drug Policy Voices online survey.

Background: Drug Policy Voices is a UK-based project designed to integrate the voices and experiences of people who use drugs (PWUD) into debates about drug policy reform. An online survey was conducted in 2020 to understand opinions connected to drug use and drug policy. We used a blended values approach combining Moral Foundations Theory (Haidt and Joseph, 2004; Haidt and Graham, 2007) and MacCoun and Reuter's (2001) four philosophical positions that underpin the drug policy.

Precision in the measurement of lexical expertise: the selection of optimal items for a spelling assessment.

Skilled adult readers vary in many skills related to visual word form processing such as phonological processing, vocabulary size, comprehension skill, and spelling skill (Kuperman & Van Dyke, 2011). Spelling skill in particular has received much attention because low- and high-skill spellers show different patterns of lexical processing as measured through eye movement behavior, reaction times, and word learning (Eskenazi et al., 2018; Veldre & Andrews, 2014).

Measurements of Best, Worst, and Average Socket Comfort Are More Reliable Than Current Socket Comfort in Established Lower Limb Prosthesis Users.

Objective: To evaluate test-retest reliability and related measurement properties of items developed to assess best, worst, and average prosthetic socket comfort.

Design: Methodological research to assess test-retest reliability of 4 individual socket comfort survey items. Socket comfort items were included in a self-report paper survey, which was administered to participants 2 to 3 days apart.

A comparative approach to quantifying provision of acute therapy services.

This study aims to compare delivery of acute rehabilitation therapy using metrics reflecting distinct aspects of rehabilitation therapy services. Seven general medical-surgical hospitals in Illinois and Indiana prospectively collected rehabilitation therapy data. De-identified data on all patients who received any type of acute rehabilitation therapy (n = 35,449) were extracted and reported as aggregate of minutes of therapy services per discipline.

The Development and Psychometric Evaluation of the Exercise Overvaluation Scale.

While regular exercise is associated with a number of physical and mental health benefits, basing one's self-esteem largely on exercise is likely associated with negative outcomes. In the present studies, the authors developed a novel measure of this construct, something they term "exercise overvaluation." In Study 1, 820 participants completed an online survey measuring self-esteem, exercise attitudes and behaviors, and eating disorder symptoms.

Differences in native and introduced chalcid parasitoid communities recruited by the invasive chestnut pest in two Iberian territories.

Dryocosmus kuriphilus (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) is a global invasive gall wasp and a pest of chestnuts (Castanea spp.). A study of the Chalcidoidea parasitoid community of D.

Rethinking enhancement substance use: A critical discourse studies approach.

Background: We draw on both interdisciplinary enhancement substance use research and critical drug studies scholarship to reconceptualise enhancement substance use. Our critical discourse approach illuminates how a variety of substances are positioned as tools for self-improvement. In reconceptualising enhancement substance use, we ask what different substances can be positioned as providing enhancement? How are they positioned as tools for achieving enhancement or self-improvement goals? What discursive repertoires are employed to achieve these aims?

Methods: Forty interviews were conducted with people who use substances, such as ayahuasca, psilocybin, cocaine, alcohol, nootropics and non-prescription pharmaceuticals, including Adderall and modafinil.

Trade-Offs in Quality-of-Life Assessment Between the Modified Rankin Scale and Neuro-QoL Measures.

Introduction: We aimed to describe the physical and cognitive health of patients with differing levels of post-stroke disability, as defined by modified Rankin Scale (mRS) scores. We also compared cross-sectional correlations between the mRS and the Quality of Life in Neurological Disorders (Neuro-QoL) T-scores to longitudinal correlations of change estimates from each measure.

Methods: Mean Neuro-QoL T-scores representing mobility, dexterity, executive function, and cognitive concerns were compared among mRS subgroups.

Differential Effects of Time to Initiation of Therapy on Disability and Quality of Life in Patients With Mild and Moderate to Severe Ischemic Stroke.

Objective: To assess the effect of time to acute therapy on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and disability after ischemic stroke.

Design: Prospective cohort study.

Setting: Comprehensive stroke care center in a large metropolitan city.

Cross-lagged longitudinal analysis of pain intensity and sleep disturbance.

Background: There is substantial evidence that pain intensity and sleep are related, with findings generally suggesting more support for the influence of sleep on pain intensity than vice versa. However, the strength and direction of the relationship has been found to vary among different populations, with few studies in individuals with chronic physical disabilities.

Objective: Examine the directionality of the sleep and pain relationship in individuals with chronic physical disabilities.

Longer Time Before Acute Rehabilitation Therapy Worsens Disability After Intracerebral Hemorrhage.

Objective: Assess the association of time to initiation of acute rehabilitation therapy with disability after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) and identify predictors of time to initiation of rehabilitation therapy.

Design: Retrospective data analysis of prospectively collected data from an ongoing observational cohort study.

Setting: Large comprehensive stroke center in a metropolitan area.

New records of Chalcidoidea (Hymenoptera) from the Maltese Islands with an updated checklist.

Thirty-three species of Chalcidoidea (Hymenoptera) are newly recorded from the Maltese Islands, of which, 19 include host data. An updated checklist for the 181 chalcidoid species recorded from Malta is also included, which belong to 17 families as follows: Agaonidae (3), Aphelinidae (21, 1 as new record), Azotidae (1), Chalcididae (8 species, 5 as new records), Encyrtidae (24, 1 as new record), Eulophidae (51, 16 are new records), Eupelmidae (9, 2 as new records), Eurytomidae (6, 1 as new record), Leucospidae (4), Megastigmidae (1), Mymaridae (2), Ormyridae (1), Perilampidae (1 new record), Pteromalidae (39, 5 as new records), Signiphoridae (2), Tetracampidae (1) and Torymidae (7, 1 as new record).

Exploring insect biodiversity: the parasitic Hymenoptera, chiefly Chalcidoidea, associated with seeds of asphodels (Xanthorrhoeaceae), with the description of nine new species belonging to Eurytomidae and Torymidae.

An account is given of the communities of Chalcidoidea, mostly based upon species of Bruchophagus Ashmead (Eurytomidae), which feed as larvae in seeds of Asphodelus and Asphodeline (Xanthorrhoeaceae). Eight new species of Eurytomidae, namely B. abscedus Askew sp.

Two hymenopteran egg sac associates of the tent-web orbweaving spider, (Forskål, 1775) (Araneae, Araneidae).

We report the discovery of two wasp species emerging from egg sacs of the spider (Forskål 1775) collected from mainland Spain and the Canary Islands. We identify one as (Narendran 1984) (Hymenoptera, Eurytomidae) and the other as a member of the (Walker 1839) species group (Hymenoptera, Eulophidae). This is the first report of in Europe, and the first documentation of hymenopteran egg predators of .