BENNETT'S FRACTURE: A NARRATIVE REVIEW OF CURRENT LITERATURE.

Background: Bennett's fracture, a fracture-dislocation of the base of the first metacarpal, poses significant challenges due to the unique biomechanics of the thumb's carpometacarpal (CMC) joint. Effective management is critical to restoring thumb function and preventing long-term complications such as arthritis and instability.

Objective: This article provides a comprehensive overview of Bennett's fracture, including its mechanism of injury, diagnostic considerations, and management strategies, with a focus on conservative and surgical options.

Carotid Web Management in Symptomatic Patients: A Case Report and Literature Review.

The carotid web is a rare fibromuscular dysplasia disease of the internal carotid artery wall. It is a cause of thromboembolic stroke in a demographic of patients generally younger than those with atherosclerotic carotid artery disease. It is easy to miss the diagnosis without a high index of suspicion.

USE OF TANTALUM CUP IN TOTAL HIP ARTHROPLASTY-A NARRATIVE REVIEW.

Tantalum, known for its superior mechanical properties and biocompatibility, has revolutionized the field of acetabular reconstruction, especially in revision total hip arthroplasty (rTHA). This review explores the clinical indications, biomechanical and biological properties, benefits, risks, and outcomes associated with tantalum acetabular components, particularly in managing complex cases of acetabular deficiencies. Extensive research has highlighted tantalum's ability to promote osseointegration, provide high survivorship rates, and maintain mechanical stability even in the most challenging cases, such as pelvic discontinuity and severe bone loss.

THE PREVALENCE OF SARCOPENIA AND ITS EFFECTS ON OUTCOMES IN POLYTRAUMA.

Background: Sarcopenia has a negative impact on the number of populations. The frequency of sarcopenia in polytrauma patients, however, is little understood. Knowing how many people face a bad outcome will raise awareness and help stop additional muscle mass loss.

RECENT TRENDS IN THE USE OF CELL SALVAGER FOR ORTHOPAEDIC TRAUMA AND ELECTIVE SURGERIES-A NARRATIVE REVIEW.

Intraoperative blood loss management is a critical concern in orthopaedic surgeries, particularly in trauma and complex elective procedures. Traditionally, allogeneic blood transfusions have been used to manage significant blood loss, but they carry risks such as transfusion reactions, infections, and increased healthcare costs. Cell salvage, or autotransfusion, offers a safer alternative by collecting, processing, and reinfusing the patient's own blood during surgery.

Effective isolation of succinic acid from aqueous media with the use of anion exchange resins.

The primary objective of this study was to examine the isolation of succinic acid (SA) from aqueous-based solutions through the utilization of adsorption and ion exchange methods. Four kinds of anion exchange resins were employed, two of which were strong basic (Lewatit M-500 and Lewatit M-600), and the other two were weak basic (Lewatit MP-64 and Lewatit MP-62). The impacts of various variables on the efficiency of the process were examined.

Current Evidence and Future Perspectives of the Best Supplements for Cardioprotection: Have We Reached the Final Chapter for Vitamins?

Cardiovascular disease (CVD), a broad-spectrum term comprising coronary artery disease, stroke, hypertension, and heart failure, presents as one of the most significant strains on global healthcare systems. Coronary artery disease, caused by atherosclerosis, has various modifiable risk factors such as dietary changes and exercise. Since these risk factors are found to be linked to oxidative stress and inflammations, the dietary supplementation with vitamins' role in treating and preventing the diseases has been of much debate.

An Intelligent Cost-Efficient System to Prevent the Improper Posture Hazards in Offices Using Machine Learning Algorithms.

In this research, an intelligent and cost-efficient system has been proposed to detect the improper sitting posture of a person working at a desk, mostly in offices, using machine learning classification techniques. The current era demands to avoid the harms of an improper posture as it, when prolonged, is very painful and can be fatal sometimes. This study also includes a comparison of two arrangements.

MDR-TB in Pakistan: Challenges, efforts, and recommendations.

Tuberculosis (TB), a global health concern is also a leading cause of mortality and morbidity across Pakistan affecting a major proportion of the population. The absence of an integrated system to control the spread of TB has led to a rise in multidrug resistant strains of TB (MDR-Tb) which do not exhibit any sensitivity towards the first line therapy for TB. Such adverse circumstances call for effective planning strategies to mitigate the health hazards of MDR-TB.

Role of tele-rehabilitation in patients following total hip replacement: Systematic review of clinical trials.

Objective: Tele-rehabilitation to explore current evidence on the effectiveness of tele-rehabilitation compared to face-to-face rehabilitation for patients after total hip replacement.

Methods: The systematic review of clinical trials comprised search of Cochrane, Medline, Embase and PEDro databases from 2000 to date for English-language, human studies dealing with postoperative rehabilitation of total hip replacement patients. A thorough search was performed to retrieve articles missed through databases as well as unpublished grey literature.

Effects of dry needling in lower extremity myofascial trigger points.

Objective: To explore the current evidences on effects of trigger point dry needling as a treatment strategy on pain and range of motion among subjects with lower extremity myofascial trigger areas.

Methods: The systematic review was conducted at the University Institute of Physical Therapy, Lahore, Pakistan, from February to August 2019, and comprised search of studies on Cochrane Library, PubMed, SPORTDiscus and PEDro databases published in the English language from 2000 to July 2019. The search terms used were 'Dry needling', 'Trigger points', 'Myofascial trigger points', 'Trigger area', 'Acupuncture therapy', 'Lower extremity' and 'Acupuncture'.

Assessment of Food Safety Knowledge, Self-Reported Practices, and Microbiological Hand Hygiene Levels of Produce Handlers in Qatar.

Workers' hygiene is one of the most important risk factors in transferring pathogens to foods. Produce handlers lacked basic knowledge on personal hygiene and food safety. Produce handlers' hand hygiene levels were below set standards.

Assessing safe food handling knowledge and practices of food service managers in Doha, Qatar.

The aim of this cross-sectional study was to assess safe food handling practices, food safety knowledge, and adherence to implementation of Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point among 53 food safety managers working in randomly selected food service establishments in Qatar. Face-to-face interviews with the managers at each participating food service establishment were conducted using a survey consisting of 40 questions in October-December 2015. In addition to the survey questionnaire, a checklist was used to determine the implementation of Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point by observing actual practices applied at each food service establishment.

Dehydration and volume depletion: How to handle the misconceptions.

Dehydration and volume depletion describe two distinct body fluid deficit disorders with differing pathophysiology, clinical manifestations and treatment approaches. However, the two are often confused or equated with each other. Here, we address a number of commonly encountered misconceptions about body-fluid deficit disorders, analyse their origins and propose approaches to overcome them.

Does academic assessment system type affect levels of academic stress in medical students? A cross-sectional study from Pakistan.

Introduction: Stress among medical students induced by academic pressures is on the rise among the student population in Pakistan and other parts of the world. Our study examined the relationship between two different systems employed to assess academic performance and the levels of stress among students at two different medical schools in Karachi, Pakistan.

Methods: A sample consisting of 387 medical students enrolled in pre-clinical years was taken from two universities, one employing the semester examination system with grade point average (GPA) scores (a tiered system) and the other employing an annual examination system with only pass/fail grading.

Safety of anti-TNF therapy in inflammatory bowel disease during pregnancy.

Introduction: The highest incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is seen between the second and fourth decades of life, which is the most fertile age for women. Increased disease activity has been shown to effect female fertility and pregnancy outcomes, stressing the need for drugs that can safely induce and maintain clinical remission without harming either the mother or fetus.

Areas Covered: Anti-TNF-α agents have been shown to be effective in both inducing and maintaining remission among IBD patients.

Self-reported attitudes and behaviours of medical students in Pakistan regarding academic misconduct: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Honesty and integrity are key attributes of an ethically competent physician. However, academic misconduct, which includes but is not limited to plagiarism, cheating, and falsifying documentation, is common in medical colleges across the world. The purpose of this study is to describe differences in the self-reported attitudes and behaviours of medical students regarding academic misconduct depending on gender, year of study and type of medical institution in Pakistan.

Outcome of manipulation under anaesthesia in adhesive capsulitis patients.

Frozen shoulder although considered self remitting disease causes significant level of pain and stiffness. This study was planned to determine the immediate outcome of manipulation under anaesthesia (MUA) in patients with adhesive capsulitis in terms of gain of range of movement (ROM) and pain relief. Diagnosed cases of adhesive capsulitis (30 in number), who had symptoms of pain and stiffness lasting more than 2 months eventually underwent MUA.