Avian Gastroenterology: Noninfectious and Infectious Disease.

A vast range of infectious and noninfectious diseases can affect avian patients. Practitioners should be familiar with common presenting signs of these diseases in order to steer diagnostic testing and treatment.

Retrospective Analysis of Pelvic Limb Fracture Management in Companion Psittacine Birds (60 Cases).

Pelvic limb fractures carry significant morbidity in avian patients, and although management options are well researched, published data on long-term complication rates and mortality outcomes are limited. Here, we present a cross-sectional study evaluating pelvic limb long bone fractures in companion psittacine birds presenting to an exotic-only veterinary hospital in the United Kingdom between 2005 and 2020, focusing on fixation techniques and long-term outcomes. Of the 60 cases that met the inclusion criteria, 22 separate species were represented, with an age range of 8 weeks to 25 years and an even distribution of sexes, among those that had been sexed.

Outcomes and Complications Associated With Caudal Thoracic and Abdominal Air Sac Cannulation in 68 Birds.

Air sac cannulation is used both as an emergency procedure in avian patients with severe upper respiratory compromise, as well as a means of routine ventilation for surgery of the head and neck. The objective of this retrospective study was to describe and quantify the complications associated with air sac cannulation in birds. Medical records were retrieved for all patients that underwent caudal thoracic or abdominal air sac cannulation at a single center between August 2004 and October 2020.

Heterotopic Ossification Bone Formation in the Frontal Bones of an African Grey Parrot ().

A 5-year-old, male African grey parrot () was presented with multiple, slow-growing, firm, bilateral masses around the dorsal orbital rims. Computer tomographic imaging revealed mild, incomplete bridging bone formation on the rostrodorsal aspects of the head. A moderate amount of smooth bone formation was identified at the rostrodorsal aspect to the left orbit, with minimal associated soft tissue swelling.

Osseous Migration of a Perforating Gastrointestinal Foreign Body in an Indian Runner Duck ().

An Indian runner duck () was presented for a second opinion after a linear, metallic foreign body was identified on radiographic images. The primary veterinarian performed diagnostic imaging while investigating the presenting complaint of the duck's left pelvic limb lameness. The images obtained from a computed tomography scan performed during the second-opinion visit revealed a linear, metallic foreign body with an associated migration tract originating from the ventriculus and terminating in the proximal left femur.