Use of online educational resources before and during the COVID-19 era in oral and maxillofacial surgery.

Restrictions to traditional face-to-face meetings were mandated by many government authorities during the COVID-19 pandemic, impacting the delivery of educational training sessions for maxillofacial surgery trainees in the traditional group manner. An online survey was designed to review what effect the pandemic had on the use and uptake of online educational sources amongst a representative cohort of maxillofacial surgery trainees in higher specialist training. Their attitudes and satisfaction with online resources were considered.

Positional Variation of the Infraorbital Foramen in Caucasians and Black Africans from Britain: Surgical Relevance and Comparison to the Existing Literature.

Background: Midface augmentation and orbital surgery carry an inherent risk of injury to the infraorbital vascular bundle, especially the infraorbital nerve where it exits the infraorbital foramen (IOF). This can result in significant morbidity for the patient, including paresthesia and neuralgia. Studies report significant heterogeneity in IOF position according to gender, ethnicity, and laterality.

Chair side measuring instrument for quantification of the extent of a transverse maxillary occlusal plane cant.

Background: Treatment planning the correction of a transverse maxillary occlusal plane cant often involves a degree of qualitative "eyeballing", with the attendant possibility of error in the estimated judgement. A simple chair side technique permits quantification of the extent of asymmetry and thereby quantitative measurements for the correction of the occlusal plane cant.

Methods: A measuring instrument may be constructed by soldering the edge of a stainless steel dental ruler at 90° to the flat surface of a similar ruler.

Proposed three-dimensional model of the orbit and relevance to orbital fracture repair.

Purpose: To describe the relationship of the orbital rim and depth in Far Eastern skulls by anatomical study, using morphometry to yield an octagonal three-dimensional model of the orbit.

Methods: Forty-one orbits of 21 Far Eastern skulls from the Department of Anatomy of St George's, University of London were included in this study. A morphometric study was conducted, measuring between eight reproducible orbital rim landmarks to yield perimeters, and from these landmarks to the optic canal to yield orbital depth.

Ludwig's Angina: The Original Angina.

Ludwig's angina was first detailed by the German surgeon Wilhelm Friedrich von Ludwig in 1836. We present a case which needed awake fibreoptic intubation due to severe trismus and a prolonged period intubated in the Intensive Care Unit after incision and drainage of neck spaces and removal of his lower wisdom teeth. He was finally discharged a week after admission and followed up in the outpatient clinic.