Sex disparities and trends in stroke incidence, prevalence, and mortality in the US and worldwide: Findings from the global burden of disease, 1990-2021.

Background: Stroke is a leading cause of death/disability, with notable differences in incidence, prevalence, and mortality observed. Despite advancement in stroke research, notable gaps persist in understanding the overall trend and sex-specific disparities in stroke burden over the past three decades, both in the United States of America (USA) and globally.

Aims: This observational-study aims to investigate evolving trends and sex-specific disparities in the incidence, prevalence, and mortality of stroke in the USA and globally from 1990 to 2021.

Efficacy of Oral Acetazolamide as Add-on Diuretic Therapy in Decongestion in Patients with Heart Failure: A Study Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Acute heart failure is a common clinical syndrome leading to hospital admission, with few evidence-based therapies for managing congestion. This trial aims to assess the efficacy of acetazolamide combined with loop diuretics in achieving decongestion among patients who fail to respond to oral diuretics and progress to acute decompensated heart failure in the absence of injectable furosemide.

Methods: This single-center, double-blind randomized controlled trial with a 1:1 allocation ratio aims to evaluate 130 patients admitted to the infusion ward.

Serum vitamin D concentration and anthropometric indicators of adiposity in adults without or with low dose statin users: a cross-sectional study.

Background: This study sought to determine the accuracy of several anthropometric parameters in association with serum Vit. D concentrations and to compare the novel indices with the conventional ones.

Methods: A total of 947 individuals referred to the cardiology clinic who have not used statin or take low-dose statin were evaluated through a cross-sectional study.

Unwanted disorders and xenogeneic graft-versus-host disease in experimental immunodeficient mice: How to evaluate and how to report.

Human-derived tumor models are essential for preclinical development of new anticancer drug entities. Generating animal models bearing tumors of human origin, such as patient-derived or cell line-derived xenograft tumors, is dependent on immunodeficient strains. Tumor-bearing immunodeficient mice are susceptible to developing unwanted disorders primarily irrelevant to the tumor nature; and if get involved with such disorders, reliability of the study results will be undermined, inevitably confounding the research in general.

Comparing HeartModel and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging for left ventricular volume and function evaluation in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy.

Background: Integration of artificial intelligence enhances precision, yielding dependable evaluations of left ventricular volumes and ejection fraction despite image quality variations. Commercial software like HeartModel provides fully automated 3DE quantification, simplifying the measurement of left chamber volumes and ejection fraction. In this manuscript, we present a cross-sectional study to assess and compare the diagnostic accuracy of automated 3D echocardiography (HeartModel) to the standard Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy.

Muraqabah: Meaningful Adjuvant Therapy for Metabolic Health.

Muraqabah is an Islamic form of mindful meditation, prayerful meditation or religious meditation. This is a means of connecting to God, while being mindful of his presence. It also implies seclusion.

The protective roles of Oryza glumaepatula and phytohormone in enhancing rice tolerance to cadmium stress by regulating gene expression, morphological, physiological, and antioxidant defense system.

The heavy metal cadmium (Cd) is highly poisonous and has received significant attention from environmental scientists due to its harmful impacts on plants. Oryza glumaepatula is a wild rice that contains useful genes against biotic and abiotic stresses. Therefore, the current study used SG007, a single-segment substitution line (SSSL), generated by crossing O.

Shifting Rhythms: A Systematic Review Exploring the Multifaceted Effects of Shift Work and Circadian Disruption on Employee Cardiovascular Health.

Shift work has long been studied as a contributing risk factor for cardiovascular disease. This study aims to provide a comprehensive summary of data regarding shiftwork and its impact on the cardiovascular system from the last decade. It explores the association of shift schedules with multiple aspects of cardiovascular disease and the physiological processes that lead up to it.

Success of Nonsurgical Endodontically Treated Posterior Teeth with Complex Restorative/Prosthodontic Treatments: A Retrospective Study.

Introduction: Endodontic therapy has been regarded as a safe treatment option with highly promising results in preserving natural teeth. Numerous factors may influence the longevity of endodontically treated teeth (ETT), thus altering their success/survival rate. This study aimed to determine the survival and success rates of endodontically treated premolars and molars with different complex restorative/prosthodontic treatments.

Intraoperative ketamine and pain after video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS): A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) reduces postoperative discomfort and expedites recovery compared to open thoracotomy. Effective postoperative pain management is crucial to enhance recovery and reduce complications. Ketamine, an NMDA receptor antagonist, has shown promise, though its efficacy in VATS remains uncertain.

Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) infection, and its impact on gut microbiome of individuals with multiple sclerosis.

The microbial ecology of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis infections (MAP) within the context of Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is largely an unexplored topic in the literature. Thus, we have characterized the compositional and predicted functional differences of the gut microbiome between MS patients with MAP (MAP+) and without (MAP-) infection. This was done in the context of exposome differences (through self-reported filled questionnaires), principally in anthropometric and sociodemographic patterns to gain an understanding of the gut microbiome dynamics.

Electronic cigarettes: a harm reduction option for smokers?

Dear Editor, An electronic cigarette or electronic nicotine delivery system is a tobacco-free device powered by a battery. It usually contains a solution of nicotine, flavorings, and various chemicals, some of which may carry potential risks..

Role of Interleukins in Pancreatic Cancer: A Literature Review.

Purpose: This review article summarizes the pathophysiological aspects of interleukins (ILs) including IL-1, IL-2, IL-3, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-7, IL-8, IL-9, and IL-10 in pancreatic cancer (PC).

Methods: Science Direct, PubMed, and Google Scholar were used for the literature review. The search was conducted until August 12, 2024, and particular keywords such as "Pancreatic Cancer," "Interleukins," "Pathophysiological Aspects," "Immunosuppression," "Invasiveness," and "Metastasis" were used.

National trends of malpractice-related cardiovascular mortality within the United States, 1999-2020.

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) stands as the leading cause of mortality in the USA, claiming a life every 33 seconds, while cardiology ranks among the top three specialties with malpractice-related claims. The authors' study aims to scrutinize sex disparities in CVD-related mortality linked with malpractice among the elderly population (≥65 years) in the USA. Data pertaining to malpractice incidents in CVD treatment spanning from 1999 to 2020 were sourced from the CDC Wonder database.

Temporal trends and regional variations in mortality related to Guillain-Barré syndrome in the United States: a retrospective study from 1999 to 2020.

Aim: Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is an autoimmune neurological disorder, with an estimated 6.4% increase in cases worldwide from 1990 to 2019. We aim to identify the GBS-related mortality trends in the US stratified by age, sex, race, and region.

Oryza glumaepatula and calcium oxide nanoparticles enhanced Cr stress tolerance by maintaining antioxidant defense, chlorophyll and gene expression levels in rice.

Chromium (Cr), a potent heavy metal, threatens rice cultivation due to its escalating presence in soil from human activities. Wild rice contains useful genes for phytoremediation; however, it is difficult to use directly for metal mitigation. Here, a single segment substitution line (SSSL), SG001, was developed by crossing O.

Ticagrelor monotherapy after short duration of dual antiplatelet therapy compared to continued dual antiplatelet therapy in patients with acute coronary syndromes undergoing percutaneous coronary interventions: an updated meta-analysis.

Background: The optimum duration of dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS) remains controversial. Ticagrelor monotherapy after short duration of DAPT (1-3 months) is a subject of research. We conducted an updated systematic review and meta-analysis comparing the ticagrelor monotherapy with continued DAPT after short duration of DAPT in patients with ACS undergoing PCI.

Exploring the interplay between epicardial fat, coronary artery calcium score, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease through non-ECG-gated chest computed tomography: A cross-sectional study.

Background And Aims: This study examines the relationships between epicardial adipose tissue (EAT), nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and coronary artery calcium score (CACS) using non-ECG-gated CT scans. It aims to determine the effectiveness of EAT measurements and NAFLD as predictors for coronary artery disease (CAD).

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at a specialized center, focusing on individuals who underwent non-ECG-gated chest CT scans without contrast.

Magnetic Resonance-Guided Laser Interstitial Thermal Therapy in the Management of Hypothalamic Hamartomas: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Objective: Magnetic resonance-guided laser interstitial thermal therapy (MRg-LITT) is a promising new technique to ablate epileptic foci in patients with hypothalamic hamartoma (HH). We aim to systematically synthesize all available evidence and determine the effectiveness of MRg-LITT in reducing seizures in patients with HH.

Methods: We systematically searched MEDLINE (PubMed), Embase (Ovid), Scopus, and Google Scholar for all relevant articles.