The efficacy of oral piroxicam fast-dissolving tablets versus sublingual fentanyl in incident breakthrough pain due to bone metastases: a double-blinded randomized study.

Purpose: Breakthrough pain (BTP) is a transient exacerbation of pain occurring in a patient with chronic, persistent pain. The most common type is incident pain that is mostly related to bone metastases. The oral mucosa is an attractive route for drug delivery.

Dexamethasone Compared to Dexmedetomidine as an Adjuvant to Local Anesthetic Mixture in Peribulbar Block for Vitreoretinal Surgery. A Prospective Randomized Study.

Background: Dexamethasone or dexmedetomidine may improve the quality of peribulbar block.

Aim: The aim of this study is to compare the effects of adding either dexamethasone or dexmedetomidine to peribulbar block on the efficacy, intraocular pressure (IOP), time to first analgesic request, total analgesic requirement, and side effects in patients undergoing vitreoretinal surgery.

Design: This was a clinical prospective randomized study.

The Effect of Preemptive Ankle Block using Ropivacaine and Dexamethasone on Postoperative Analgesia in Foot Surgery.

Background: Peripheral nerve blocks have become an increasingly popular form of anesthesia. Preemptive analgesia reduces central sensitization, postoperative pain, and analgesic consumption. Different additive has been used to prolong regional blockade and improve postoperative analgesia.

Cold bupivacaine versus magnesium sulfate added to room temperature bupivacaine in sonar-guided femoral and sciatic nerve block in arthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction surgery.

Background: Cooling of local anesthetic potentiates its action and increases its duration. Magnesium sulfate (MgSo) added to local anesthetic prolongs the duration of anesthesia and postoperative analgesia with minimal side effects.

Aim: The aim of this prospective, randomized, double-blind study was to compare the effect of cold to 4°C bupivacaine 0.

Maternal and neonatal effects of nalbuphine given immediately before induction of general anesthesia for elective cesarean section.

Background: Although nalbuphine was studied extensively in labour analgesia and was proved to be acceptable analgesics during delivery, its use as premedication before induction of general anesthesia for cesarean section is not studied. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of nalbuphine given before induction of general anesthesia for cesarean section on quality of general anesthesia, maternal stress response, and neonatal outcome.

Methods: Sixty full term pregnant women scheduled for elective cesarean section, randomly classified into two equal groups, group N received nalbuphine 0.

Effect of preincisional epidural fentanyl and bupivacaine on postthoracotomy pain and pulmonary function.

Background: This study attempts to determine whether preemptive thoracic epidural analgesia (TEA) initiated before surgical incision would reduce the severity of acute post-thoracotomy pain, its effects on pulmonary function and stress response.

Methods: Forty patients undergoing posterolateral thoracotomy received TEA either before (preoperative-TEA group) or after (postoperative-TEA group) surgery. Postoperative analgesia was maintained with epidural infusion of bupivacaine and fentanyl.