Serum angiopoietin-2: a promising biomarker for early diabetic kidney disease in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes.

Albuminuria has been considered the golden standard biomarker for diabetic kidney disease (DKD), but appears once significant kidney damage has already occurred. Angiopoietin-2 (Angpt-2) has been implicated in the development and progression of DKD in adults. We aimed to explore the association of serum Angpt-2 levels with DKD in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) of short duration (3-5 years) and to evaluate the predictive power of serum Angpt-2 in the early detection of DKD prior to the microalbuminuric phase.

A Cervical Thymic Cyst in an Adult Female; A Case Report and Comprehensive Literature Review.

: Cervical thymic cyst accounts for (0.3-1) % of cervical cysts in children and are usually present during the first decade of life with few reported cases in adults. Herein, we present a 34-year-old female with a cervical thymic cyst.

COVID-19 diversity: A case of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children masquerading as juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection may present with some systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) manifestations intermingled with Kawasaki disease features. These emerging presentations were dubbed under the umbrella term 'multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C)'. A one and half-year-old girl, admitted to Mansoura University Children's Hospital (MUCH) with fever, bad general condition, vomiting, widespread maculopapular, vasculitic rash, hands and feet oedema, oral ulceration, arthralgia and lymphadenopathy.

Sonographic evaluation of diaphragmatic thickness and excursion as a predictor for successful extubation in mechanically ventilated preterm infants.

Sonographic assessment of diaphragmatic thickness and excursion has been found to be an accurate tool in predicting successful extubation of adult patients from invasive mechanical ventilation. We aimed to evaluate the accuracy of sonographic assessment of diaphragmatic thickness and excursion in predicting successful extubation of preterm infants from invasive conventional mechanical ventilation. Preterm infants less than 32 weeks gestation who required invasive conventional mechanical ventilation were evaluated by diaphragmatic sonography within 1 h of their planned extubation.

Accelerated Coasting Does Not Affect Oocyte Maturation.

Aims: The study aimed to assess the efficacy of accelerating the process of coasting through adding gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonist (GnRH-ant) on the day of triggering of oocyte maturation without withholding the GnRH agonist (GnRHa) in women at risk for developing ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS).

Methods: Retrospective case-control study of the outcomes of GnRHa cycles in which women were at risk to develop OHSS. Women who underwent acceleration of coasting (n = 50) were compared with a control group of women who underwent usual coasting (n = 57).

Changes in Doppler parameters of portal pressure after interventional management of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has many options for management; some of them are complicated by development of portal hypertension (PHT). Doppler ultrasound is an effective method to diagnose and monitor PHT changes after HCC ablation procedures. The aim of this study is to investigate changes in portal pressure hemodynamics of HCC patients following treatment with different interventional strategies: radiofrequency ablation (RFA), microwave ablation (MWA), and transarterial chemoembolization (TACE).

Sonographic Evaluation of Diaphragmatic Excursion and Thickness in Healthy Infants and Children.

Objectives: M-mode sonography is a noninvasive method for detection of diaphragmatic excursion and thickness. A few studies have assessed diaphragmatic kinetics in children with diaphragmatic paresis and paralysis, but to our knowledge, no data about normal values in pediatrics are available. The aims of this study were to determine reference values for diaphragmatic excursion and thickness, as evaluated by sonography in healthy infants and children, and identify correlations between them and anthropometric measurements, age, and sex.

Pathological profile of biopsied Egyptian children with primary nephrotic syndrome: 15-year single center experience.

Background: Primary nephrotic syndrome (PNS) in children is a common problem worldwide. The pathological pattern of PNS differs between countries. However, data on the pathological pattern of PNS in Egyptian children are scant.

Primary focal segmental glomerulosclerosis in Egyptian children: a 10-year single-centre experience.

Primary focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) in children accounts for 7-20% of all cases of idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (NS). To evaluate the clinical course of children with primary FSGS, the records of 72 patients with biopsy-proven FSGS admitted between 1995 and 2008 were retrospectively analysed. Forty-eight patients were male (66.

Modified Sofield-Millar operation: less invasive surgery of lower limbs in osteogenesis imperfecta.

We present the results of intramedullary rodding of long bones of the lower limbs in children with osteogenesis imperfecta using a modified Sofield-Millar operation. Fourteen patients (mean age at primary operation was 5 years 11 months) were treated with a modified Sofield-Millar operation which allows minimal bone exposure, preservation of the periosteum and keeping the number of osteotomies to the minimum. Union was achieved in all cases within 7 weeks.

Tumor necrosis factor-alpha production from mononuclear cells in nephrotic syndrome.

Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) levels in supernatant fluid from cultured peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were measured by ELISA in 54 children with active non-inherited forms of primary nephrotic syndrome (PNS), 10 nephrotics in remission, and 10 healthy controls. Children with active PNS included 21 patients with steroid-sensitive (SS) minimal change nephrotic syndrome (MCNS), 5 patients with steroid-resistant (SR) MCNS, 11 with SR focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS), 6 patients with SS diffuse mesangial proliferation (DMP), 5 patients with SR DMP, and 6 patients with mesangiocapillary glomerulonephritis (MCGN). Patients with active PNS had elevated TNF-alpha production compared with controls.